Evaluation of Retinopathy Severity According to the Premature Stage in Premature Retinopathy

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the stage of prematurity and retinopathy severity by analyzing the results of premature retinopathy (PR) screening. METHODS: In state Hospital 862 eyes of 431 cases who were admitted between June 2017 and September 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Cases were classified according to gestational ages and birth weights. The cases were divided into advanced, intermediate and late premature. The relationship between the severity of retinopathy and the degree of premature and multiple births was evaluated RESULTS: Two hundred thirty four (54.3%) of the cases were female and 197 (45.7%) were male. Birth weeks were 23 to 36 weeks (31.9 +- 2.77), and birth weights were 510-3500 gr (1746 +- 476). PR was detected in 137 (31.8%) of the cases at any stage, and no sign of PR was found in 294 (68.2%) cases. Stage 1 PR was detected in 80 cases (58.4%), stage 2 PR in 42 cases (30.7%), stage 3 PR in 13 cases (9.5%), and stage 4 PR in 2 cases (1.5%). The mean birth weight and gestational week were statistically significantly lower in patients with PR at any stage (p <0.05). Stage 3 and Stage 4 PR were detected in 6 (%4,32) cases with a gestational age of >32 weeks. No significant relationship was found between multiple births and PR. (P = 0.908) DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It should always be considered that there may be advanced stage PR in moderate and late premature

Results of rhabdomyosarcoma treatment in a developing country.

Fifty-one children (median age: 4.5 years; 4 months-16 years) diagnosed with rhabdomyosarcoma were treated in our center between 1980-1999. The primary sites were head and neck in 31.4%, the genito-urinary system in 21.6%, and extremities in 9.8% of the patients. The histopathologic subtypes were embryonal in 80.4%, alveolar in 9.8%, and undifferentiated in 9.8%. The majority of the patients were considered group III (47%) and group IV (25.5%) according the criteria of the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS). Primary total tumour resection was performed in only 27.5% of the patients. The patients were treated with assigned regimens of IRS II and IRS III protocols. Radiotherapy was applied to 92.1% of the patients. Thirty-four patients (66.7%) were lost to follow up, and of the remaining 17 patients, 7 patients (41.2%) died, relapse occurred in 9 patients (52.9%) and 10 patients (58.8%) are alive. The percentage of cases lost to follow up during the first 10 years and the following 9 years of the study were 77.4% and 50%, respectively. In compliance with cancer treatment remains a major problem in developing countries.</p

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

Biodegradation of reactive red 195 azo dye by the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris 51ATA

WOS: 000306316000018The sulphonated reactive red 195 dye (RR195) was used as carbon source and energy by the widely spread, eco-friendly, photoheterothrophic strain 51ATA that belongs to Rhodopseudomonas palustris. This bacterium, which was isolated from Lake Akkaya, (Nigde, Turkey), was able to completely degrade and mineralize the dye under anaerobic conditions with 100% efficiency. The degradation efficiency of this strain, in the presence and absence of a co-substrate was investigated. The biodegradation of the dye was monitored by UV-visible, (FTIR) spectroscopy and HPLC. From these analyses, a complete mineralization of the toxic aromatic ring system of the reactive red 195 dye was observed.University of Nigde, Research Found UnitThe authors would like to extend their gratitude to the University of Nigde, Research Found Unit for the financial support for the master thesis as February 2009/24 project

Analgesia Nociception Index: Heart Rate Variability Analysis of Emotional Status.

Background Analgesia nociception index (ANI) has been developed for real-time pain measurement during a surgical procedure under general anesthesia. The index is based on heart rate variability and constitutes a measure of parasympathetic tone. In this paper, we hypothesized that this index could be used as a tool to investigate the process of emotional regulation of a human subject. Materials and methods Twenty adult volunteers were recruited for the study, wherein ANI response to the emotional stimulus was evaluated. An emotional stimulus was obtained through a 60-second music sound record from the song "Ala Gözlerini Sevdiğim Dilber," performed by the Turkish rock band Badem. ANI measurements were obtained before the song presentation (Tpre), at the end of the record presentation (T0), and each minute thereafter until the end of the five-minute observation (T1-T5). Results Twenty participants were investigated; 10 males and 10 females. The mean age of the participants was 17.0 ± 0.9 (min: 16, max: 20). ANI measurements were significantly lower in T0 and T3 compared with Tpre (P = 0.009). The differences between other values were not statistically significant. Conclusion ANI can be used for assessment of parasympathetic changes related to the emotional state of conscious patients

Phytochemical Composition, In Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Enzyme Inhibition Activities, and In Silico Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulations of Centaurea lycaonica: A Computational and Experimental Approach

Centaurealycaonica is a local endemic species from the Centaurea L. genus. The Centaurea species has a wide range of usage in treatingdiseases in folk medicine. There are limited biological activity studieson this species in the literature. This study investigated enzymeinhibition and antimicrobial activity, antioxidant effect, and chemicalcontent of extract and fractions of C. lycaonica. Enzyme inhibition activity was tested by alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase,and tyrosinase enzyme inhibition methods and antimicrobial activityby the microdilution method. The antioxidant activity was investigatedusing DPPH center dot, ABTS(center dot+), and FRAPtests. The chemical content was determined by LC-MS/MS. The methanolextract showed the highest activity for alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase,even surpassing the positive control acarbose, with IC50 values of 56.333 +/- 0.986 and 172.800 +/- 0.816 mu g/mL,respectively. Additionally, the ethyl acetate fraction also exhibitedhigh activity for alpha-amylase with an IC50 value of204.067 +/- 1.739 mu g/mL and tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 213.900 +/- 1.553 mu g/mL. Moreover, this extractand fraction were found to have the highest total phenolic and flavonoidcontents and antioxidant activity. Additionally, LC-MS/MS analysesof active extract and fraction revealed mainly the presence of phenoliccompounds and flavonoids. In silico molecular dockingand molecular dynamics simulation studies of determining compoundsapigenin and myristoleic acid, common in CLM and CLE extracts andactive against alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase, were performed.In conclusion, methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction showedpotential enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity as a naturalagent. Molecular modeling studies corroborate the findings of in vitro activity analyses

When to start secukinumab treatment in patients with axial spondyloarthropathy: Before or after anti-TNFot treatment?

Introduction and objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of secukinumab (SEC) in axial spondyloarthropathy (axSpA) in anti-TNFot naive and anti-TNFot experienced patients. It also focused on the duration of SEC treatment and its side effects.Patients and methods: The patients with axSpA treated with SEC and followed up in our outpatient clinic from May 2018 through October 2021 were included in this study. All patients in the study also fulfilled the ASAS classification criteria for axSpA. Patients were separated into two groups according to whether they received prior anti-TNFot therapy. While anti-TNFot naive patients comprised group 1, anti-TNFot experienced patients were included in group 2. Pre-and post-treatment BASDAI scores were reported and compared.Results: Eighty-four axSpA patients (42 men; duration of the disease: 86.86 +/- 65.35 months in group 1 and 160.65 +/- 97.4 months in group 2) were treated with SEC. 45.5% of anti-TNFot naive patients and 56.5% of anti-TNFot experienced patients were still on SEC therapy in October 2021. Duration of SEC treatment was 12.5 +/- 7.9 months in group 1 and 17.19 +/- 12 months in group 2 (p = 0.098). The differences between pre-and post-treatment BASDAI scores were statistically significant in both groups (p < 0.001). While patients in group 1 did not develop any adverse effects, three patients in group 2 experienced alopecia, uveitis, and recurrent pneumonia after SEC treatment.Conclusion: Our study's efficacy and safety data on the use of SEC were reassuring in both anti-TNFot naive and anti-TNFot experienced patients. However, further studies are still needed to determine the appropriate timing to begin SEC treatment.(c) 2022 Elsevier Espan similar to a, S.L.U. and Sociedad Espan similar to ola de Reumatologi ' a y Colegio Mexicano de Reumatologi ' a. All rights reserved

A Descriptive Study on Foreign Language Anxiety among Children

While research demonstrates that foreign language anxiety (FLA) has both facilitating and debilitating effects on achievement in the foreign language learning process, there are no data on the mentioned issue in the Turkish context regarding children who learn English as a foreign language (EFL). Therefore, this study aims to investigate the levels of FLA among Turkish children who learn EFL at school settings. The sample group in the study consisted of 494 Turkish EFL learners enrolled at primary and secondary schools. The data collection instruments consisted of a background questionnaire and the Children's Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (CFLAS). The frequencies, mean scores and standard deviations were calculated. The results indicated that examinations and grammar-based language activities are the reasons of a moderate level of anxiety. Unpreparedness before speaking, fear of making mistakes, unfamiliar topics, negative evaluation by other students and fear of failing are other sources of a high level of FLA among children. Given that FLA constitutes a considerable problem in the Turkish EFL context regarding children, several practical recommendations are given