10 research outputs found
Severe cardiac and abdominal manifestations without lung involvement in a child With COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide pandemic, affecting humans of all ages. Clinical features of the pediatric population have been published, but there is not yet enough information to make a definitive description. Fever is typical, as it is respiratory symptom. Rarely are the infection and complications severe, and, when they are, it is almost always in a patient with another underlying disease. However, some otherwise healthy children with COVID-19 do suffer critical organ injury, such as acute myocarditis, heart failure and gastrointestinal inflammation. The mechanism of these organ damages remains unclear. An otherwise normally healthy 13-year-old male was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with acute abdomen pain, possible myocarditis and a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Noteworthy basal findings were ventricular extrasystoles in the electrocardiogram (EKG) and moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Chest X-ray was normal. Blood tests revealed altered levels of inflammation factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, fibrinogen, interleukin 6 (IL-6)), lymphopenia and elevated cardiac enzymes. The first test for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was negative. The patient’s condition worsened, and he entered cardiogenic shock (hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria). He was vomiting continuously, which made pain control difficult; imaging of his abdomen was undertaken. There was no response to fluid resuscitation, and so milrinone and epinephrine were administered. Empiric treatment began with azithromycin, foscarnet, carnitine and immunoglobulins. Hydroxychloroquine was given before the results of repeated SARSCoV-2 and serology tests were available. Tocilizumab was administered once COVID-19 had been confirmed and massive inflammation had been observed. Progressively the clinical situation and the levels
of the parameters studied improved. The patient was discharged 8 days after admission. Most children with SARS-CoV-2 infection are asymptomatic or present only mild symptoms. However, physicians should be aware of atypical and severe manifestations that may occur in the hyperinflammatory phase of the illness
Temporal variation in vegetative development of Caulerpa scalpelliformis (Chlorophyta) from Baleia beach, Ilha Grande bay (Rio de janeiro, brazil)
MEN1 redefined, a clinical comparison of mutation-positive and mutation-negative patients
Axonal branching patterns of nucleus accumbens neurons in the rat
ABSTRACT
The patterns of axonal collateralization of nucleus
accumbens (Acb) projection neurons were investigated
in the rat by means of single-axon tracing techniques
using the anterograde tracer biotinylated dextran
amine. Seventy-three axons were fully traced, originating
from either the core (AcbC) or shell (AcbSh) compartment,
as assessed by differential calbindin D28kimmunoreactivity.
Axons from AcbC and AcbSh showed
a substantial segregation in their targets; target areas
were either exclusively or preferentially innervated from
AcbC or AcbSh. Axon collaterals in the subthalamic nucleus
were found at higher than expected frequencies;
moreover, these originated exclusively in the dorsal
AcbC. Intercompartmental collaterals were observed
from ventral AcbC axons into AcbSh, and likewise,
interconnections at pallidal and mesencephalic levels
were also observed, although mostly from AcbC axons
toward AcbSh targets, possibly supporting crosstalk
between the two subcircuits at several levels. Cell
somata giving rise to short-range accumbal axons, projecting
to the ventral pallidum (VP), were spatially intermingled
with others, giving rise to long-range axons
that innervated VP and more caudal targets. This anatomical
organization parallels that of the dorsal striatum
and provides the basis for possible dual direct and indirect
actions from a single axon on either individual or
small sets of neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:4649–
4673, 2010
Severe cardiac and abdominal manifestations without lung involvement in a child With COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a worldwide pandemic, affecting humans of all ages. Clinical features of the pediatric population have been published, but there is not yet enough information to make a definitive description. Fever is typical, as it is respiratory symptom. Rarely are the infection and complications severe, and, when they are, it is almost always in a patient with another underlying disease. However, some otherwise healthy children with COVID-19 do suffer critical organ injury, such as acute myocarditis, heart failure and gastrointestinal inflammation. The mechanism of these organ damages remains unclear. An otherwise normally healthy 13-year-old male was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with acute abdomen pain, possible myocarditis and a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Noteworthy basal findings were ventricular extrasystoles in the electrocardiogram (EKG) and moderate left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Chest X-ray was normal. Blood tests revealed altered levels of inflammation factors (C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, fibrinogen, interleukin 6 (IL-6)), lymphopenia and elevated cardiac enzymes. The first test for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was negative. The patient’s condition worsened, and he entered cardiogenic shock (hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria). He was vomiting continuously, which made pain control difficult; imaging of his abdomen was undertaken. There was no response to fluid resuscitation, and so milrinone and epinephrine were administered. Empiric treatment began with azithromycin, foscarnet, carnitine and immunoglobulins. Hydroxychloroquine was given before the results of repeated SARSCoV-2 and serology tests were available. Tocilizumab was administered once COVID-19 had been confirmed and massive inflammation had been observed. Progressively the clinical situation and the levels
of the parameters studied improved. The patient was discharged 8 days after admission. Most children with SARS-CoV-2 infection are asymptomatic or present only mild symptoms. However, physicians should be aware of atypical and severe manifestations that may occur in the hyperinflammatory phase of the illness
Regional and local environmental conditions do not shape the response to warming of a marine habitat-forming species
The differential response of marine populations to climate change remains poorly understood. Here, we combine common garden thermotolerance experiments in aquaria and population genetics to disentangle the factors driving the population response to thermal stress in a temperate habitatforming species: the octocoral Paramuricea clavata. Using eight populations separated from tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers, which were differentially impacted by recent mortality events, we identify 25 degrees C as a critical thermal threshold. After one week of exposure at this temperature, seven of the eight populations were affected by tissue necrosis and after 30 days of exposure at this temperature, the mean % of affected colonies increased gradually from 3 to 97%. We then demonstrate the weak relation between the observed differential phenotypic responses and the local temperature regimes experienced by each population. A significant correlation was observed between these responses and the extent of genetic drift impacting each population. Local adaptation may thus be hindered by genetic drift, which seems to be the main driver of the differential response. Accordingly, conservation measures should promote connectivity and control density erosion in order to limit the impact of genetic drift on marine populations facing climate change
Second edition of SIMPAR's "Feed Your Destiny" workshop: the role of lifestyle in improving pain management
: This review is aimed to summarize the latest data regarding pain and nutrition,
which have emerged during the second edition of Feed Your Destiny (FYD). Theme presentations and interactive discussions were held at a workshop on March 30, 2017, in Florence,
Italy, during the 9th Annual Meeting of Study in Multidisciplinary Pain Research, where an
international faculty, including recognized experts in nutrition and pain, reported the scientific
evidence on this topic from various perspectives. Presentations were divided into two sections.
In the initial sessions, we analyzed the outcome variables and methods of measurement for
health claims pertaining to pain proposed under Regulation EC No 1924/2006 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on
foods. Moreover, we evaluated how the Mediterranean diet can have a potential impact on
pain, gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, cancer, and aging. Second, we discussed the evidence
regarding vitamin D as a nutraceutical that may contribute to pain control, evaluating the
interindividual variability of pain nature and nurture, and the role of micro-RNAs (miRNAs),
polyunsaturated omega 3 fatty acids, and phenolic compounds, with a final revision of the
clinical role of nutrition in tailoring pain therapy. The key take-home message provided by
the FYD workshop was that a balanced, personalized nutritional regimen might play a role
as a synergic strategy that can improve management of chronic pain through a precision
medicine approach
The clock gene Per2 influences the glutamatergic system and modulates alcohol consumption
Period (Per) genes are involved in regulation of the circadian clock and are thought to modulate several brain functions. We demonstrate that Per2Brdm1 mutant mice, which have a deletion in the PAS domain of the Per2 protein, show alterations in the glutamatergic system. Lowered expression of the glutamate transporter Eaat1 is observed in these animals, leading to reduced uptake of glutamate by astrocytes. As a consequence, glutamate levels increase in the extracellular space of Per2Brdm1 mutant mouse brains. This is accompanied by increased alcohol intake in these animals. In humans, variations of the PER2 gene are associated with regulation of alcohol consumption. Acamprosate, a drug used to prevent craving and relapse in alcoholic patients is thought to act by dampening a hyper-glutamatergic state. This drug reduced augmented glutamate levels and normalized increased alcohol consumption in Per2Brdm1 mutant mice. Collectively, these data establish glutamate as a link between dysfunction of the circadian clock gene Per2 and enhanced alcohol intake