Cervical cerclage for prevention of preterm birth: review of 13 cases

O parto pré-termo é o principal responsável pela morbilidade e mortalidade perinatal em países industrializados. Entre as diferentes causas, destaca-se um conjunto de situações caracterizado pela dilatação indolor do colo uterino com prolapso das membranas no canal cervical (funnelling), que ocorre mais frequentemente durante o segundo trimestre da gestação, dando origem a abortos tardios ou partos pré-termo muito precoces e, consequentemente, situações clínicas com um prognóstico perinatal muito reservado

Improved maximum likelihood estimators in a heteroskedastic errors-in-variables model

This paper develops a bias correction scheme for a multivariate heteroskedastic errors-in-variables model. The applicability of this model is justified in areas such as astrophysics, epidemiology and analytical chemistry, where the variables are subject to measurement errors and the variances vary with the observations. We conduct Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the performance of the corrected estimators. The numerical results show that the bias correction scheme yields nearly unbiased estimates. We also give an application to a real data set.Comment: 12 pages. Statistical Paper

Emotional intelligence and basic psychological needs : highlights from a teachers’ survey in Iran

Copyright © 2017 Asian Journal of Humanities and Social StudiesPurpose: Psychological needs, as the foundation for a wide range of human behaviors, provide requirements for psychological growth, psychological integrity and well-being. Emotional intelligence is also a general structure that can be the related to success in various aspects of life. The present study examined the relationship between emotional intelligence with the dimensions of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness). Participants: The population of this research consisted of all teachers of Urmia city (n= 6441). To achieve our aim, 365 teachers of Urmia city were selected using stratified random sampling methods. Results: In general, a significant relationship was obtained between the components of emotional intelligence and the components of basic psychological needs. Canonical analysis presented a significant set of relationships between emotional intelligence and basic psychological needs: problem-solving, happiness, independence, stress tolerance, self-actualization, emotional self-awareness, realism, interpersonal relationship, optimism, self-esteem, assertiveness, flexibility and social responsibility showed positive relationships with sense of autonomy, competence and relatedness (p <0.05); however, the relationship between empathy and these needs was negative. Conclusion: The results showed that components of emotional intelligence are able to predict basic psychological needs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Electric Field Effects on Graphene Materials

Understanding the effect of electric fields on the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures is instrumental in the design of novel electronic and optoelectronic devices. Several of those properties are characterized in terms of the dielectric constant which play an important role on capacitance, conductivity, screening, dielectric losses and refractive index. Here we review our recent theoretical studies using density functional calculations including van der Waals interactions on two types of layered materials of similar two-dimensional molecular geometry but remarkably different electronic structures, that is, graphene and molybdenum disulphide (MoS$_2$). We focus on such two-dimensional crystals because of they complementary physical and chemical properties, and the appealing interest to incorporate them in the next generation of electronic and optoelectronic devices. We predict that the effective dielectric constant ($\varepsilon$) of few-layer graphene and MoS$_2$ is tunable by external electric fields ($E_{\rm ext}$). We show that at low fields ($E_{\rm ext}^{}<0.01$ V/\AA) $\varepsilon$ assumes a nearly constant value $\sim$4 for both materials, but increases at higher fields to values that depend on the layer thickness. The thicker the structure the stronger is the modulation of $\varepsilon$ with the electric field. Increasing of the external field perpendicular to the layer surface above a critical value can drive the systems to an unstable state where the layers are weakly coupled and can be easily separated. The observed dependence of $\varepsilon$ on the external field is due to charge polarization driven by the bias, which show several similar characteristics despite of the layer considered.Comment: Invited book chapter on Exotic Properties of Carbon Nanomatter: Advances in Physics and Chemistry, Springer Series on Carbon Materials. Editors: Mihai V. Putz and Ottorino Ori (11 pages, 4 figures, 30 references

Oral tolerance to cancer can be abrogated by T regulatory cell inhibition

Oral administration of tumour cells induces an immune hypo-responsiveness known as oral tolerance. We have previously shown that oral tolerance to a cancer is tumour antigen specific, non-cross-reactive and confers a tumour growth advantage. We investigated the utilisation of regulatory T cell (Treg) depletion on oral tolerance to a cancer and its ability to control tumour growth. Balb/C mice were gavage fed homogenised tumour tissue – JBS fibrosarcoma (to induce oral tolerance to a cancer), or PBS as control. Growth of subcutaneous JBS tumours were measured; splenic tissue excised and flow cytometry used to quantify and compare systemic Tregs and T effector (Teff) cell populations. Prior to and/or following tumour feeding, mice were intraperitoneally administered anti-CD25, to inactivate systemic Tregs, or given isotype antibody as a control. Mice which were orally tolerised prior to subcutaneous tumour induction, displayed significantly higher systemic Treg levels (14% vs 6%) and faster tumour growth rates than controls (p<0.05). Complete regression of tumours were only seen after Treg inactivation and occurred in all groups - this was not inhibited by tumour feeding. The cure rates for Treg inactivation were 60% during tolerisation, 75% during tumour growth and 100% during inactivation for both tolerisation and tumour growth. Depletion of Tregs gave rise to an increased number of Teff cells. Treg depletion post-tolerisation and post-tumour induction led to the complete regression of all tumours on tumour bearing mice. Oral administration of tumour tissue, confers a tumour growth advantage and is accompanied by an increase in systemic Treg levels. The administration of anti-CD25 Ab decreased Treg numbers and caused an increase in Teffs. Most notably Treg cell inhibition overcame established oral tolerance with consequent tumor regression, especially relevant to foregut cancers where oral tolerance is likely to be induced by the shedding of tumour tissue into the gut

Políticas públicas y salud mental en infantes en los centros de salud del distrito de Cajamarca, 2022

The present investigation raises as a general objective: to determine the relationship that exists between public policies and mental health in the childhood stage in the health centers of the Cajamarca district. We worked under a quantitative approach, the type of research is basic, the design is nonexperimental, with a transverse temporal cut. As a population, the databases of all the health centers within the district of Cajamarca belonging to the regional government were considered, these are three hospitals, a community health center and six medical posts, making a total of 10 health centers, of which 87 cases were studied. The results indicate that public policies are applied at a poor level, stress in infants occurs regularly, depression has a regular frequency, anxiety is between almost absent and regularly frequent, interaction with parents is neglectful and mental health is at a poor level. It is concluded that there is a direct and very strong significant relationship between public policies applied in health centers and mental health (p-value 0 0.001 and Spearman's Rho of 0.878).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;La presente investigación plantea como objetivo general: determinar la relación que existe entre las políticas públicas y la salud mental en la etapa de la infancia en los centros de salud del distrito de Cajamarca. Se trabajó bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, tipo de investigación básica, diseño no experimental, de corte temporal transversal. Como población se consideraron las bases de datos de todos los centros de salud dentro del distrito de Cajamarca pertenecientes al gobierno regional estos son tres hospitales, un centro de salud comunitario y seis postas médicas, haciendo un total de 10 centros de salud, de los cuales se estudiaron 385 casos. Los resultados indican que las políticas públicas se aplican en un nivel deficiente, el estrés en los infantes se presenta de forma regular, la depresión presenta una frecuencia regular, la ansiedad está entre casi ausente y regularmente frecuente, la interacción con los padres es de forma negligente y la salud mental se encuentra en un nivel deficiente. Se concluye que existe una relación significativa directa y muy fuerte entre las políticas públicas aplicadas en los centros de salud y la salud mental (p-valor 0 0.001 y Rho de Spearman de 0.878).&nbsp;&nbsp

Reframing landscape fragmentation's effects on ecosystem services.

REVIEWLandscape structure and fragmentation have important effects on ecosystem services, with a common assumption being that fragmentation reduces service provision. This is based on fragmentation's expected effects on ecosystem service supply, but ignores how fragmentation influences the flow of services to people. Here we develop a new conceptual framework that explicitly considers the links between landscape fragmentation, the supply of services, and the flow of services to people. We argue that fragmentation's effects on ecosystem service flow can be positive or negative, and use our framework to construct testable hypotheses about the effects of fragmentation on final ecosystem service provision. Empirical efforts to apply and test this framework are critical to improving landscape management for multiple ecosystem services.Australian Research Council Discovery ProjectAustralian Research Council's Centre of Excellence for Environmental DecisionsNERCChile Ministry of EducationCSIRO Integrative Natural Resource Management postgraduate fellowshipsCOLCIENCIA

Clima organizacional y desempeño laboral

The objective of the research was to determine the correlation between the organizational climate and work performance of an educational unit in Salitre, 2020. The methodology was of a basic type, with a quantitative approach; and descriptive non-experimental design of correlational transectional scope, the census sampling with forty participants was used, the data was obtained through a survey applying a questionnaire for the variables under study, the questions expressed in the measurement instrument were analyzed under the rigor of professionals in the area to follow-up to perform the Cronbach's alpha reliability test with a coefficient of 0.853 for the organizational climate variable and 0.827 for the work performance variable; therefore, the instruments used are highly reliable. As final results, it was determined that there is a lower significance level of 0.05, showing that the organizational climate perceived in the educational unit influenced the work performance of the workers and, therefore, there is a marked correlation between both variables.La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la correlación entre el clima organizacional y desempeño laboral de una unidad educativa del cantón Salitre, 2020. La metodología fue de tipo básica, con un enfoque cuantitativo; y diseño no experimental descriptivo de alcance transeccional correlacional, se utilizó el muestreo censal con cuarenta partícipes, la obtención de los datos se dieron a través de una encuesta aplicando un cuestionario para las variables objeto de estudio, las preguntas plasmadas en el instrumento de medición fueron analizadas bajo la rigurosidad de profesionales en el área para paso seguido realizar la prueba de fiabilidad del Alfa de Cronbach con un coeficiente de 0,853 para la variable clima organizacional y 0,827 para la variable desempeño laboral; por ende, los instrumentos empleados son altamente fiables. Como resultados finales se determinó que existe un nivel de significancia inferior de 0.05, demostrando que el clima organizacional que se percibe en la unidad educativa influyó en el desempeño laboral de los trabajadores y, por consiguiente, existe una marcada correlación entre ambas variables

Las relaciones interpersonales en el desempeño laboral docente

The general objective of this research was to design a program of strategies based on interpersonal relationships to optimize teacher work performance in the Juan Bautista Aguirre Educational Unit, Daule 2020 District. The quantitative approach was used, applied type, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive design; For data collection, the survey and questionnaire with 24 questions applied to 72 teachers from the three ordinary days were used, then it was processed in Microsoft Excel and the SPSS version 26 program was used for the analysis. The data in the tables show that interpersonal relationships are not appropriate and this affects teacher job performance. The results related to the variable interpersonal relationships, teachers rated 78% poor, 19% fair and 3% good; It is appreciated that teachers do not relate easily and this contributes to the emergence of complications in the development of their work activities; Regarding the variable teacher job performance, 69% rate a poor level, 28% regular and 3% good, they consider that the job performance of teachers in the different pedagogical activities is not optimal.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general diseñar un programa de estrategias basadas en relaciones interpersonales para optimizar el desempeño laboral docente en la Unidad Educativa Juan Bautista Aguirre, Distrito Daule 2020. Se empleó el enfoque cuantitativo, tipo aplicada, diseño no experimental, transversal, descriptivo; para la recolección de los datos se utilizó la encuesta y el cuestionario con 24 interrogantes &nbsp;&nbsp;aplicado a 72 docentes de las tres jornadas ordinarias, luego se procesaron en Microsoft Excel y para el análisis se empleó el programa SPSS versión 26. Los datos de las tablas evidencian que las relaciones interpersonales no son apropiadas y ello afecta el desempeño laboral docente. Los resultados relacionados a la variable relaciones interpersonales, los docentes calificaron el 78% deficiente, el 19% regular y el 3% bueno; se aprecia que los docentes no se relacionan fácilmente y ello contribuye al surgimiento de complicaciones en el desarrollo de sus actividades laborales; en torno a la variable desempeño laboral docente el 69% califica nivel deficiente, el 28% regular y el 3% bueno, consideran que el desempeño laboral de los docentes en las diferentes actividades pedagógicas no es óptimo

Inteligencia emocional para mejorar el pensamiento crítico

The objective of the research was to propose an emotional intelligence program to improve the critical thinking of second year high school science students of the Aida León de Rodríguez Lara Educational Unit, Guayaquil 2021. The research methodology was of applied type, with a quantitative approach; and non-experimental design of transactional scope, the sample was a census of 60 students, the technique employee for data collection was the survey and as an instrument a questionnaire was used for the two research variables, the instruments were validated according to expert judgment and then proceeded with the reliability test of Cronbach’s Alpha resulting for the independent variable a level of 0.092 and for the dependent variable 0.896 concluding that the instruments are truthful. The most significant conclusion is that students expose their thoughts as they conceive them without stopping to think about the consequences of their statements or those who may be harmed, causing problems in the interrelationship with the peers, they do not usually contribute with solutions to a problem due to lack of initiative. Finally, they do not know how to influence people to get out of any circumstance achieving things a favor.La investigación tuvo como objetivo plantear un programa de inteligencia emocional para mejorar el pensamiento crítico de los estudiantes de segundo año de bachillerato en ciencias de la Unidad Educativa Aida León Rodríguez Lara, Guayaquil 2021. La metodología de investigación fue de tipo aplicado, con un enfoque cuantitativo; y diseño no experimental de alcance transaccional, la muestra fue censal de 60 estudiantes, la técnica empleada para la recolección de datos fue la encuesta y como instrumento se utilizó un cuestionario para las dos variables de investigación, los instrumentos fueron validados según juicio de expertos y luego se procedió con la prueba de confiabilidad del Alfa Cronbach resultando para la variable independiente un nivel de 0,902 y para la variable dependiente 0,896 concluyéndose que los instrumentos son confiables. La conclusión más significativa es que los estudiantes exponen sus pensamientos tal cual los conciben sin detenerse a pensar acerca de las consecuencias de sus declaraciones ni a quienes pueden vulnerar originando problemas en la interrelación con sus compañeros, no suelen contribuir con soluciones frente a un problema debido a la falta de iniciativa, y, por último, no saben influir sobre las personas para lograr salir de cualquier circunstancia logrando cosas a favor