Stability of transversal correction with hybrid maxillary expansion appliance in bone and tegumental piriformis opening in relation to bone age and maturation of the midpalatal suture

To evaluate the stability of the transverse correction with a hybrid maxillary expansion appliance in the bone and tegumental piriformis opening in relation to bone age and maturation of the midpalatal suture (MPS). 15 patients with a mean initial age

A multidisciplinary treatment of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: a 14-year follow-up case report

Absence of the maxillary lateral incisor creates an aesthetic problem which can be managed in various ways. The condition requires careful treatment planning and consideration of the options and outcomes following either space closure or prosthetic replacement. Recent developments in restorative dentistry have warranted a re-evaluation of the approach to this clinical situation. Factors relating both to the patient and the teeth, including the presentation of malocclusion and the effect on the occlusion must be considered. The objective of this study was to describe the etiology, prevalence and alternative treatment modalities for dental agenesis and to present a clinical case of agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors treated by the closure of excessive spaces and canine re-anatomization. A clinical case is presented to illustrate the interdisciplinary approach between orthodontics and restorative dentistry for improved esthetic results. In this report, the treatment of a girl with a Class II malocclusion of molars and canines with missing maxillary lateral incisors and convex facial profile is shown. Treatment was successfully achieved and included the space closure of the areas corresponding to the missing upper lateral incisors, through movement of the canines and the posterior teeth to mesial by fixed appliances as well as the canines transformation in the maxillary lateral incisors. This is a 14-year follow-up case report involving orthodontics and restorative dentistry in which pretreatment, posttreatment, and long-term follow-up records for the patient are presented

Prevalence of long face pattern in brazilian individuals of different ethnic backgrounds

Conclusions: Black individuals had greater prevalence of long face pattern, followed by Brown, White and Yellow individuals. The prevalence of long face pattern was 14.06% in which 13.39% and 0.68% belonged to moderate and severe subtypes, respectively.Objective: The long face pattern is a facial deformity with increased anterior total facial height due to vertical excess of the lower facial third. Individuals with long face may present different degrees of severity in vertical excess, as well as malocclusions that are difficult to manage. The categorization of vertical excess is useful to determine the treatment prognosis. This survey assessed the distribution of ethnically different individuals with vertical excess according to three levels of severity and determined the prevalence of long face pattern. Material and Methods: The survey was comprised of 5,020 individuals of Brazilian ethnicity (2,480 females and 2,540 males) enrolled in middle schools in Bauru-SP, Brazil. The criterion for inclusion of individuals with vertically impaired facial relationships was based on lip incompetence, evaluated under natural light, in standing natural head position with the lips at rest. Once identified, the individuals were classified into three subtypes according to the severity: mild, moderate, and severe. Then the pooled sample was distributed according to ethnical background as White (Caucasoid), Black (African descent), Brown (mixed descent), Yellow (Asian descent) and Brazilian Indian (Brazilian native descent). The Chi-square (χ2 ) test was used (p<0.05) to compare the frequency ratios of individuals with vertically impaired facial relationships in the total sample and among different ethnicities, according to the three levels of severity. Results: The severe subtype was rare, except in Black individuals (7.32%), who also presented the highest relative frequency (45.53%) of moderate subtype, followed by Brown individuals (43.40%). In the mild subtype, Yellow (68.08%) and White individuals (62.21%) showed similar and higher relative frequency values.\ud Conclusions: Black individuals had greater prevalence of long face pattern, followed by Brown, White and Yellow individuals. The prevalence of long face pattern was 14.06% in which 13.39% and 0.68% belonged to moderate and severe subtypes, respectively

A NOMEAÇÃO AUTOMÁTICA RÁPIDA E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A AQUISIÇÃO DA LEITURA E DA ESCRITA

O presente artigo tem a intenção de apresentar uma das habilidades metalinguísticas envolvidas no processo da aprendizagem denominada Nomeação Automática Rápida (NAR). Esta capacidade permite ao ser humano nomear e identificar, num curto espaço de tempo, o maior número possível de palavras, números e objetos. Ao longo do texto são apresentados estudos sobre as influências deste elemento na aprendizagem, algumas ferramentas e práticas lúdicas passíveis de desenvolver esta habilidade no contexto escolar, além de uma atividade aplicada num grupo de alunos do ensino fundamental para avaliar tal capacidade. O objetivo do mesmo foi explorar o conceito da NAR e sua vinculação com o processo escolar. O delineamento do estudo se enquadra nos critérios de uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva e de pesquisa-ação. Conclui-se que a NAR tem influência na aquisição da leitura e escrita, embora as consciências fonológica e fonêmica tenham um impacto mais significativo neste processo. Por fim se destaca a necessidade dos educadores trabalharem atividades diversificadas em várias fases do aprendizado para auxiliar os alunos no domínio desta competência. Palavras-chave: Nomeação Automática Rápida; Leitura e Escrita; Psicopedagogia; &nbsp; LA NOMBRACIÓN AUTOMÁTICA RÁPIDA Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA ADQUISICIÓN DE LA LECTURA Y LA ESCRITA &nbsp; RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene la intención de presentar una de las habilidades metalinguísticas involucradas en el proceso del aprendizaje denominado Nombramiento Automático Rápido (NAR). Esta capacidad permite al ser humano nombrar e identificar, en un corto espacio de tiempo, el mayor número posible de palabras, números y objetos. A lo largo del texto se presentan estudios sobre las influencias de este elemento en el aprendizaje, algunas herramientas y prácticas lúdicas pasibles de desarrollar esta habilidad en el contexto escolar, además de una actividad aplicada en un grupo de alumnos de la enseñanza fundamental para evaluar tal capacidad. El objetivo del mismo fue explorar el concepto de la NAR y su vinculación con el proceso escolar. El delineamiento del estudio se encuadra en los criterios de una investigación bibliográfica descriptiva y de investigación-acción. Se concluye que la NAR tiene influencia en la adquisición de la lectura y escritura, aunque las conciencias fonológicas y fonémicas tienen un impacto más significativo en este proceso. Por último se destaca la necesidad de que los educadores trabajen actividades diversificadas en varias fases del aprendizaje para auxiliar a los alumnos en el dominio de esta competencia. &nbsp; Palabras clave: Nombramiento automático rápido; Lectura y Escritura; Psicopedagogía; &nbsp; RAPID AUTOMATIZED NAMING AND ITS RELATION TO THE ACQUISITION OF READING AND WRITING &nbsp; ABSTRACT: This article intends to present one of the metalinguistic skills involved in the learning process called Rapid Automatized Naming (RAN). This ability allows the human being to name and identify, in a short space of time, as many words, numbers and objects as possible. Throughout the text are presented studies about the influences of this element in learning, some tools and playful practices that can develop this ability in the school context, besides an applied activity in a group of elementary school students to evaluate such ability. The purpose of this study was to explore the RAN concept and its linkage with the school process. The study design falls within the criteria of descriptive bibliographic research and action research. It is concluded that the RAN has influence in the acquisition of reading and writing, although the phonological and phonemic awareness have a more significant impact in this process. Finally, the need for educators to work in diverse activities at various stages of learning to help students in this field is highlighted. &nbsp;Keywords: Rapid Automatized Naming; Reading and writing; Psychopedagogy

A multidisciplinary treatment of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: a 14-year follow-up case report

Absence of the maxillary lateral incisor creates an aesthetic problem which can be managed in various ways. The condition requires careful treatment planning and consideration of the options and outcomes following either space closure or prosthetic replacement. Recent developments in restorative dentistry have warranted a re-evaluation of the approach to this clinical situation. Factors relating both to the patient and the teeth, including the presentation of malocclusion and the effect on the occlusion must be considered. The objective of this study was to describe the etiology, prevalence and alternative treatment modalities for dental agenesis and to present a clinical case of agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisors treated by the closure of excessive spaces and canine re-anatomization. A clinical case is presented to illustrate the interdisciplinary approach between orthodontics and restorative dentistry for improved esthetic results. In this report, the treatment of a girl with a Class II malocclusion of molars and canines with missing maxillary lateral incisors and convex facial profile is shown. Treatment was successfully achieved and included the space closure of the areas corresponding to the missing upper lateral incisors, through movement of the canines and the posterior teeth to mesial by fixed appliances as well as the canines transformation in the maxillary lateral incisors. This is a 14-year follow-up case report involving orthodontics and restorative dentistry in which pretreatment, posttreatment, and long-term follow-up records for the patient are presented

ATLANTIC-PRIMATES: a dataset of communities and occurrences of primates in the Atlantic Forests of South America

Primates play an important role in ecosystem functioning and offer critical insights into human evolution, biology, behavior, and emerging infectious diseases. There are 26 primate species in the Atlantic Forests of South America, 19 of them endemic. We compiled a dataset of 5,472 georeferenced locations of 26 native and 1 introduced primate species, as hybrids in the genera Callithrix and Alouatta. The dataset includes 700 primate communities, 8,121 single species occurrences and 714 estimates of primate population sizes, covering most natural forest types of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina and some other biomes. On average, primate communities of the Atlantic Forest harbor 2 ± 1 species (range = 1–6). However, about 40% of primate communities contain only one species. Alouatta guariba (N = 2,188 records) and Sapajus nigritus (N = 1,127) were the species with the most records. Callicebus barbarabrownae (N = 35), Leontopithecus caissara (N = 38), and Sapajus libidinosus (N = 41) were the species with the least records. Recorded primate densities varied from 0.004 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta guariba at Fragmento do Bugre, Paraná, Brazil) to 400 individuals/km 2 (Alouatta caraya in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). Our dataset reflects disparity between the numerous primate census conducted in the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to the scarcity of estimates of population sizes and densities. With these data, researchers can develop different macroecological and regional level studies, focusing on communities, populations, species co-occurrence and distribution patterns. Moreover, the data can also be used to assess the consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and disease outbreaks on different ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, species invasion or extinction, and community dynamics. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this Data Paper when the data are used in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using the data. © 2018 by the The Authors. Ecology © 2018 The Ecological Society of Americ

Utilização do índice morfológico das coroas dos incisivos inferiores para predição da recidiva em casos tratatos com extrações

No momento não existe um consenso sobre a capacidade do Ortodontista de rotineiramente obter estabilidade satisfatória em longo prazo. Alguma instabilidade pós-tratamento dos incisivos inferiores geralmente é inevitável, bem como o apinhamento associado com a idade. Mas quanto apinhamento pós-tratamento deve ser esperado? Considerando-se que a estabilidade do alinhamento ântero-inferior é um objetivo importante e louvável da Ortodontia, decidiu-se neste estudo avaliar a influência da morfologia das coroas dos incisivos inferiores na estabilidade da correção do apinhamento ântero-inferior. Foram selecionados 56 pacientes leucodermas, de ambos os gêneros (27 feminino e 29 masculino), que inicialmente apresentavam má oclusão de Classe I ou de Classe II, divisão 1 (28 cada), tratados com extrações dos quatro primeiros pré-molares e com mecânica Edgewise. Nenhum caso foi submetido a desgastes interproximais durante ou após o tratamento. A idade média pré-tratamento foi de 13,23 anos. O tempo de tratamento durou em média 2,11 anos e a avaliação média póstratamento de 5,12 anos. O apinhamento ântero-inferior foi medido pelo índice de irregularidade de Little63 e a proporção mesiodistal e vestibulolingual das coroas dos incisivos inferiores foi medida pelo índice de PECK; PECK90. As medidas foram realizadas nos modelos de estudo obtidos de cada caso nas fases pré, pós-tratamento e cinco anos após o término do tratamento, com o auxílio de um paquímetro digital modificado, devidamente calibrado. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi utilizado para determinar a significância de correlação entre a morfologia das coroas dos incisivos inferiores e a recidiva. Secundariamente investigou-se a presença de dimorfismo entre os gêneros e a existência de diferença entre os dois tipos de má oclusão inicial, em relação à recidiva do apinhamento ântero-inferior, utilizando o teste t independente. Pela análise dos resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que a morfologia da coroa dos incisivos inferiores não foi significantemente correlacionada com a estabilidade alcançada no período pós-contenção.So far, there is no consensus as to the orthodontists ability to routinely achieve satisfactory stability in the long term. Some posttreatment stability of the mandibular incisors is unavoidable, as well as crowding associated with age. However, hoe much posttreatment crowding should be expected? Considering that the stability of mandibular anterior crowding is an important and praiseworthy goal in Orthodontics, this study evaluated the influence of mandibular incisors crown morphology on the stability of mandibular anterior crowding correction. Fifty-six white patients of both genders (27 females and 29 males) were selected, who initially presented Class I or Class II division 1 malocclusion (28 each) and were treated with extraction of four first premolars and edgewise mechanics. No case was submitted to interproximal stripping during or after treatment. The mean age at pretreatment was 13.23 years. The mean treatment time was 2.11 years, and the mean posttreatment evaluation was 5.12 years. The mandibular anterior crowding was measured by the Little irregularity index63 and the mesiodistal and buccolingual proportion of the crowns of mandibular incisors was measured by the index of PECK; PECK90. Measurements were performed on the study casts achieved from each case at pretreatment, posttreatment and five years after completion of treatment, with aid of a calibrated modified digital caliper. The Pearson correlation test was used to determine the significance of correlation between the mandibular incisors crown morphology and relapse. also, the presence of dimorphism between genders and presence of difference between the two types of initial malocclusion in relation to the relapse of mandibular anterior crowding were assessed by utilization of the independent t test. Analysis of the results achieved revealed that the mandibular incisors crown morphology was not significantly associated with the stability achieved in the postretention period

Quality influence of the orthodontic finished in the treatment stability of Class II malocclusion

O objetivo deste estudo retrospectivo foi buscar variáveis oclusais relacionadas com o prognóstico da estabilidade da correção da má oclusão de Classe II, tratada sem e com extrações. Para tanto, foram selecionados 78 registros de documentações, pertencentes ao arquivo da disciplina de Ortodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, com má oclusão inicial de Classe II completa bilateral, divisão 1, tratada pela mecânica Edgewise e acompanhada por um período médio de 10 anos póstratamento. Essa amostra foi dividida em três grupos, de acordo com o protocolo de tratamento: Grupo 1: constituído por 25 pacientes, com idade inicial média de 12,74 anos, tratados sem extrações, por um período médio de 2,41 anos; Grupo 2: contendo 25 pacientes, com idade inicial média de 13,42 anos, tratados com extrações dos primeiros pré-molares superiores, por um período médio de 2,10 anos; Grupo 3: composto por 28 pacientes, com idade inicial média de 12,98 anos, tratados com extrações dos primeiros pré-molares superiores e primeiros ou segundos pré-molares inferiores, por um período médio de 2,10 anos. As avaliações oclusais foram realizadas em modelos de gesso dos pacientes, nas fases inicial (T1), final de tratamento (T2) e na fase pós-tratamento (T3), utilizando os índices PAR e de irregularidade de Little. O percentual de redução do índice PAR, durante o tratamento, foi de 72,58% para o grupo 1, 80,17% para o grupo 2 e 79,37% para o grupo 3. Para comparação intergrupos, utilizaram-se a análise de variância a um critério e o teste não paramétrico do Qui-quadrado. Os grupos apresentaram-se semelhantes quanto ao gênero, idades (fases T1, T2 e T3), tempo de tratamento, percentual de redução do PAR, eficiência do tratamento e no tempo pós-tratamento. A única variável oclusal responsável pela ausência de uma finalização ortodôntica de excelência (PAR T2 = 0) e pela recidiva evidenciada na fase pós-tratamento, foi a oclusão posterior. Ao separar a amostra em grupos bem finalizado (50 pacientes com o PAR T2 5) e mal finalizado (28 pacientes com PAR T2 > 5) em relação às alterações ocorridas no período pós-tratamento (PAR T3 - T2 e Little T3 T2), verificou-se por meio do teste t independente, que ambos os grupos foram estatisticamente semelhantes em relação à recidiva; no entanto, uma boa finalização ortodôntica proporcionou melhores resultados oclusais e funcionais, nas fases T2 e T3. A recidiva do apinhamento ântero-inferior (Little T3 T2) não correlacionou-se com as alterações oclusais ocorridas no período pós-tratamento (PAR T3-T2).The objective of this retrospective study was to seek oclusal variables related to correction of Class II malocclusion stability prognosis, treated without and with extractions. As such, 78 documentation records were selected, belonging to the Orthodontic Department from the Bauru Dental School, with an initial complete bilateral malocclusion of Class II, division 1, treated with Edgewise mechanics and followed up for an average period of 10 years post-treatment. This sample was divided into three groups, according to the treatment protocol: Group 1: consisted of 25 patients, with average initial age of 12.74 years, treated without extractions, for an average period of 2.41 years; Group 2: consisted of 25 patients, with an average initial age of 13.42 years, treated with extractions of the first superior premolar teeth, for an average period of 2.10 years; Group 3: consisted of 28 patients, with an average initial age of 12.98 years, treated with extractions of the first superior premolar teeth and first or second inferior premolar teeth, for an average period of 2.10 years. Occlusal evaluations were done on the patients cast models, at the initial phase (T1), at the end of treatment (T2) and post-treatment phase (T3), using the PAR index and Little irregularity index. The percentile reduction for the PAR index, during the treatment, was 72,58% for group 1, 80,17% for group 2 and 79,37% for group 3. For the intergroup comparisons, one-way ANOVA and the non-parametric Chi-square tests were used. The groups were similar regarding gender, ages (phases T1, T2 and T3), time of treatment, PAR reduction percentile, treatment efficiency and post-treatment duration. The only occlusal variable responsible for the absence of excellent orthodontic finalization (PAR T2 = 0) and by relapse evidenced in the post-treatment phase, was the posterior occlusion. When separating the sample in groups well finalized (50 patients with PAR T2 5) and with bad finalization (28 patients with PAR T2 > 5) in relation to the alterations occurred in the post-treatment period (PAR T3 - T2 and Little T3 - T2), it was verified by using an independent t test that both groups were statistically similar in relation to relapse, however, good orthodontic finalization provided better occlusal and functional results in phases T2 and T3). Anterior inferior crowding relapse (Little T3 T2) did not correlate with the occlusal alterations occurred in the post-treatment period (PAR T3 -T2)

Influence of the third molar presence on the thickness and height of the buccal cortical bone of the mandibular first and second molars

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the presence of the third molars on the thickness and height of the buccal cortical bone of the first and second mandibular molars.The retrospective cross-sectional observational sample consisted of 102 CBCTs of patients (mean age of 29 years), divided into two groups: G1: 51 patients (26 female; 25 male, mean age of 26 years) presenting the mandibular third molars and G2: 51 patients (26 female; 25 male, mean age of 32 years) with the absence of the mandibular third molars. The total and the cortical depth were evaluated at 4 and 6mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The total thickness of the buccal bone was evaluated in two horizontal reference lines located apically 6 mm and 11 mm from the CEJ. Statistical comparisons were performed with Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon tests.In the comparison of buccal bone thickness and height between the groups, there was a statistical difference in tooth 36. In tooth 37 there was a statistical difference in the mesial root. For tooth 47, there was a statistical difference for the total thickness at 6mm, 11mm and 4mm. Concerning age, there was a tendency to decrease the values of these variables with increasing age.The mean values for buccal bone thickness, total and cortical depth of the mandibular molars were higher for patients with mandibular third molars because the buccal bone thickness of the mandibular molars increased in the posterior and apical direction