Pedagogical and scientific beliefs of future primary school teachers and university science education and science lecturers

11th Conference of the European Science Education Research Association (ESERA) 2015, 31/08-04/09, 2015, in Helsinki (Findland).The purposes of this study are: a) to investigate the pedagogical and scientific beliefs of primary school teachers in training (group 1, N= 60), and b) compare said beliefs with those of university lecturers in science education (group 2, N = 33) and science (group 3, N = 98). We applied the Inventory of Educational and Scientific Beliefs, INPECIP (Porlán, 1989), consisting of 51 items divided into three categories: Image of Science, Learning of Science and Science Teaching. The results show that science education lecturers are more “constructivist” in all categories than both their students and their science department peers. In the “Learning of Science” and “Science Teaching” categories, we can also see that students are more “constructivist” than science lecturers. We conclude that in order to help future teachers modify their beliefs, collaboration with science lecturers is indispensable. Keywords: pedagogical beliefs, image of science, teacher trainers.III Contrato Programa entre el Vicerrectorado de Política Científica e Investigación de la Universidad de Granda, y la Facultad de Educación y Humanidades, Campus de Melilla: Proyecto: Entrenamiento pedagógico y didáctico del profesorado de la Facultad de Ciencias.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales.Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (CSIC-UGR)Grupo de Investigación de excelencia de la Junta de Andalucía, Grupo de Investigación en Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y de la Sostenibilidad (HUM613)

The varied sources of faculae-forming brines in Ceres’ Occator crater emplaced via hydrothermal brine effusion

Before acquiring highest-resolution data of Ceres, questions remained about the emplacement mechanism and source of Occator crater's bright faculae. Here we report that brine effusion emplaced the faculae in a brine-limited, impact-induced hydrothermal system. Impact-derived fracturing enabled brines to reach the surface. The central faculae, Cerealia and Pasola Facula, postdate the central pit, and were primarily sourced from an impact-induced melt chamber, with some contribution from a deeper, pre-existing brine reservoir. Vinalia Faculae, in the crater floor, were sourced from the laterally extensive deep reservoir only. Vinalia Faculae are comparatively thinner and display greater ballistic emplacement than the central faculae because the deep reservoir brines took a longer path to the surface and contained more gas than the shallower impact-induced melt chamber brines. Impact-derived fractures providing conduits, and mixing of impact-induced melt with deeper endogenic brines, could also allow oceanic material to reach the surfaces of other large icy bodies. The second extended phase of the Dawn mission provided high resolution observations of Occator crater of the dwarf planet Ceres. Here, the authors show that the central faculae were sourced in an impact-induced melt chamber, with a contribution from the deep brine reservoir, while the Vinalia Faculae were sourced by the deep brine reservoir alone

Momento Económico (44)

En este número Temas de hoy, José Antonio Moreno 2. México, deuda externa y la nueva renegociación, Fausto Burgueño 3. Solución, negociación o confrontación. (La deuda externa de México), Alicia Cirón C. 5 Plan Brady: ¿solución a la crisis de la deuda?, Patricia Olave C. 7. La crisis de la deuda, Ricardo Reyes H., Aristeo Tovías G. y Javier Villarreal A. 11. Fondo Monetario Internacional: nueva carta de buenas intenciones, Emilio Romero Blanco 16. Indicadores económicos, México: Relaciones comerciales con el Exterior 19. El menú o la moratoria, poco espacio para negociar, Pedro Medina 21. Algunos rasgos de la política económica del 'nuevo' gobierno, Leticia Campos Aragón 23. Las vicisitudes del pacto, José Antonio Moreno 29. Los informales de la economía, Patricia Rodríguez 30

Study of the solvatochromic effect on natural phenolic compounds

Se describen las características espectrofluorimétricas de dos derivados de quercetina aislados de las hojas de Flaveria bidentis, un derivado de 6-prenilpinocembrina, aislado de las raíces de Dalea elegans y un compuesto de estructura antraquinónica aislado de las hojas de Heterophyllaea pustulata. Todos ellos presentan espectros de absorción con máximos en la región UV-visible acordes con los grupos cromóforos presentes en su estructura. Los cuatro compuestos estudiados presentan fluorescencia nativa. La posición de los máximos de emisión de fluorescencia se modifica en función del disolvente. Los desplazamientos producidos están relacionados con el diferente grado de solvatación de las moléculas en estado excitado según la polaridad del disolvente. La adición de ácidos minerales provoca desplazamientos en los máximos de fluorescencia concordantes con los ya descritos para compuestos de estructura similar. Estas modificaciones espectrales tienen un gran interés analítico desde el punto de vista de la identificación y caracterización de productos naturales de estructura fenólica.The spectrofluorimetric behaviour of two derivatives of quercetin isolated from the leaves of Flaveria bidentis, a derivative of 6-prenylpinocembrin isolated from the roots of Dalea elegans and an anthraquinonic derivative isolated from the leaves of Heterophyllaea pustulata, is described. The UV-visible absorption spectra of these compounds exhibit the maximum values corresponding to the chromophores present in each structure. All of the compounds studied show native fluorescence in different solvents. The maximum shift in fluorescence emission to the red spectral region when the polarity of the solvents is increased, can be attributed to varying degrees of solvation in the excited state in the different solvents. Additions of small amounts of H2SO4 cause shifts in excitation and emission wavelengths, in agreement with those described for compounds with similar chemical structures. Such fluorescent spectral changes are of considerable analytical interest, given that they allow the presence of phenolic compounds in the extracts of natural plant material to be detected easily.Program for University Co-operation conve- ned in 2001 by Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional (AECI)

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a infección por virus SARS-CoV-2 en trabajadores del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño de Perú, abril 2020 a marzo 2021

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection among workers of Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN) from April 2020 to March 2021. Materials and methods: A non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 608 workers who tested positive for COVID-19 using a rapid antigen test. The COVID-19 clinical-epidemiological research sheets prepared bythe Ministry of Health of Peru and self-administered by the workers were reviewed. The INSN Department of Epidemiology staff verified the completion of the sheets. The data was entered into a database, which was used for the respective statistical analysis. The study was approved by the INSN Institutional Research Ethics Committee (registration code: PI-17/21). Results: COVID-19 prevalence among INSN workers was 7.24 % from April 2020 to March 2021. Out of the workers with COVID-19 71.4 % were women; 83.4 % were in the 30 to 59 age range with an average age of 44.71 years; 65.6 % were healthcare workers, most of whom were nursing technicians; and 56.9 % experienced symptoms, mainly fever/chills (12.2 %), cough (8.9 %), malaise (7.7 %), sore throat (6.7 %), stuffy nose (2.5 %) and headache (1.3 %). Most workers lived in Lima Centro districts (33.2 %). A significant association between sex, age groups, worker type and worker profile was found. Conclusions: COVID-19 prevalence among INSN workers was 7.24 %; the most frequent characteristics, which showed significant differences with the rest of the factors, were being a woman, healthcare worker and nursing technician. A total of 56.9 % of the workers experienced symptoms, only 20.9 % developed clinical signs and 10.9 % had comorbidities.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a la infección por virus SARS-CoV-2 en trabajadores del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (INSN), en el periodo de abril 2020 a marzo 2021.Materiales y métodos: Estudio no experimental, descriptivo, transversal. La muestra corresponde a 608 trabajadores de salud que resultaron positivos a la prueba serológica rápida. Se revisaron las fichas de investigación clínica epidemiológica COVID-19elaboradas por el Ministerio de Salud de Perú, que fueron autoadministradas por los trabajadores de salud, y el personal de Epidemiología del INSN verificó el llenado de la ficha. Los datos se introdujeron en una base de datos que sirvió para el análisisestadístico respectivo. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité Institucional de Ética en Investigación del INSN (código de registro: PI-17/21). Resultados: La prevalencia fue de 7,24 % de COVID-19 en trabajadores del INSN entre abril del 2020 y marzo del 2021. El 71,4 % fueron mujeres, los participantes presentaron una media de edad de 44,71 años, mayoritariamente en el rango de los 30 a 59 años(83,4 %); el 65,6 % fueron asistenciales, de los cuales la mayoría fueron técnicos en enfermería. El 56,9 % de los trabajadores presentaron síntomas, principalmente fiebre/escalofríos (12,2 %), tos (8,9 %), malestar general (7,7 %), dolor de garganta (6,7 %),congestión nasal (2,5 %) y cefalea (1,3 %) . La mayoría de trabajadores residían en los distritos de Lima . Se encontró asociación significativa por sexo y grupos de edad, tipo de trabajador y perfil del trabajador. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de COVID-19 entre los trabajadores del INSN fue del 7,24 %; las características más frecuentes que mostraron diferencias significativas con el resto de los factores fueron el ser mujer, trabajador asistencial y técnica deenfermería. El 56,9 % de los trabajadores presentó síntomas, solo el 20,9 %, signos clínicos y el 10,9 % tuvo comorbilidades

Actitudes hacia los sapos en estudiantes de Magisterio de la Universidad de Granada

Los futuros maestros de Primaria e Infantil deberían tener una actitud positiva hacia animales amenazados como los sapos. Se presenta un estudio descriptivo de actitud hacia estos animales. Los resultados muestran valores similares a los de estudiantes de secundaria y diferencias según sexo y contacto con anfibios.Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales (Universidad de Granada)Grupo de Investigación HUM613 (Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y de la Sostenibilidad)Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (CSIC-UGR

Effect of Ethylene-Insensitive Mutation etr2b on Postharvest Chilling Injury in Zucchini Fruit

Zucchini is a vegetable fruit that is very susceptible to postharvest chilling injury, and fruit ethylene production is correlated with chilling injury sensitivity, such that the more tolerant the cultivar, the lower is its ethylene production. It is expected that zucchini fruit with reduced sensitivity to ethylene would have a higher chilling injury tolerance. In this study, we compared the postharvest fruit quality of wild type and ethylene-insensitive mutant etr2b, in which a mutation was identified in the coding region of the ethylene receptor gene CpETR2B. Flowers from homozygous WT (wt/wt), mutant plants in homozygous (etr2b/etr2b) and heterozygous (wt/etr2b) were hand-pollinated, and all fruits were harvested with the same length, at about 8 days after pollination. After harvesting, fruit of each genotype was randomly divided in 3 batches of 12 fruits each (four replications with three fruits each), and then stored at 4 °C and 95% RH. At 0, 7, and 14 days after cold storage, each batch was used to assess ethylene production, respiration rate, weight and firmness loss, chilling injury, and oxidative stress metabolites. The results showed a lower chilling injury associated with lower cold-induced ethylene production in the mutant fruit, in comparison with the WT fruit. These data demonstrated that the ethylene-insensitive etr2b mutant fruit was more tolerant to chilling injury, confirming that basal ethylene in the still undamaged fruit could function as a modulator of post-harvest chilling injury. Moreover, the higher chilling tolerance of the etr2b mutant fruit was not associated with MDA content, but was concomitant with a reduction in the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the refrigerated mutant fruit

Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the defense against viral infections, for instance plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha (IFN-α). In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-α production, which has been associated with disease severity. In this work, we described that in addition to the DC deficiency, several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients, which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers. Remarkably, previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+ myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients, while no restoration of integrin β7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase (IDO) levels were observed. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19

Calidad de las elecciones a titular del Ejecutivo en el Centro y Centro-occidente de México

Este libro, que tiene por objetivo analizar la calidad de las elecciones celebradas entre 2006 y 2011 para ocupar la titularidad del Poder Ejecutivo de las 14 entidades federativas de la República Mexicana que conforman las regiones Centro y Centro-occidente de este país, ha sido elaborado por investigadores pertenecientes a la Red Nacional de Investigación sobre la Calidad de la Democracia en México (Renicadem), la cual cuenta con un equipo de investigación en cada una de las entidades federativas del país. A su vez, esta Red constituye una de las cuatro líneas temáticas que componen la red temática del Conacyt “Sociedad civil y calidad de la democracia”. Con todo, la presente obra puede considerarse, en dos sentidos, como el resultado parcial de estudios realizados por investigadores que conforman la mencionada Renicadem. Por un lado, trata sólo de una de las varias dimensiones que esta Red ha establecido como necesarias para analizar la calidad de la democracia: la calidad electoral (otras dimensiones, que se encuentran en proceso de investigación, son calidad de vida, rendición de cuentas y Estado de derecho). También es parcial porque no abarca la totalidad de la República Mexicana, sino únicamente a las 14 entidades indicadas.UAE