Innovation dynamics in the Brazilian industrial sector: scenario and reflexions

Purpose – This study aims to analyze the innovation overview of the Brazilian industrial sector using datapublished by innovation survey – PINTEC. The aim was to provide a macro and updated diagnosis of theinnovation scenario in Brazil and build reflections for further studies.Design/methodology/approach – The authors used information from the years 1998–2014 covered byPINTEC to analyze innovation indicators, namely, innovation types, problems and obstacles, novelty degree,established partnerships and interactions, as well as governmental incentives. This study is exploratory; thus,descriptive methods were used for data presentation through analyses and presented through figures andtables.Findings – The results show that innovation of the Brazilian industrial sector is concentrated mainly in theacquisition of machinery and equipment, innovations that already exist in national or global markets,interactions for the innovation process with suppliers and governmental support for financing machinery andequipment acquisitions.Originality/value – This study has relevance, as its results provide important subsidies for policy-makersto incorporate the needs and overcome challenges of innovation in Brazil

O Papel das Agências Públicas de Fomento à Inovação no Brasil

The aim of this study was to present a brief description of the main public instruments for innovation support in Brazil. We also show a preliminary assessment of the use of these instruments in innovative companies. We conducted a two-step analysis. In the first part we conducted a quantitative descriptive analysis of historical series about resources allocation available by FINEP. In the second part we performed a qualitative in-depth analysis of six companies that used the financial benefits offered by FINEP and BNDES to support innovative projects. The responses of the interviews were used to identify the perception of the attractiveness of public instruments for innovation support and possible limitations to their use, while other information was used to present the main public instruments for innovation stimulus in Brazil. The results showed that the investigated companies are interested in using the instruments; however, they face difficulties for their adoption, due to excessive bureaucracy, high costs of innovation, and legal insecurity.O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma breve descrição dos principais instrumentos públicos de apoio à inovação no Brasil assim como mostrar uma avaliação preliminar da utilização desses instrumentos em empresas inovadoras. Uma análise em duas etapas foi realizada. Na primeira parte realizou-se uma análise descritiva quantitativa da série histórica sobre alocação de recursos disponibilizados pela FINEP. Na segunda, realizou-se uma análise qualitativa aprofundada de seis empresas que utilizaram os benefícios financeiros oferecidos pela FINEP e pelo BNDES para apoiar projetos inovadores. As respostas das entrevistas foram utilizadas para identificar a percepção da atratividade dos instrumentos públicos de apoio à inovação e possíveis limitações à sua utilização, enquanto outras informações foram utilizadas para apresentar os principais instrumentos públicos para estímulo à inovação no Brasil. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas investigadas estão interessadas em utilizar os instrumentos; no entanto enfrentam dificuldades para a sua adoção devido ao excesso de burocracia, custos elevados de inovação e insegurança jurídica

Innovative Capability and Challenges for Industrial Business

Este artigo examinou o impacto exercido pela capacidade inovativa sobre o desempenho em inovação, considerando a influência da orientação para o mercado em um quadro econômico de baixo crescimento. Utilizou amostra com 244 empresas industriais brasileiras e Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados evidenciaram o impacto positivo da capacidade inovativa sobre o desempenho em inovação e o efeito negativo da orientação para o mercado sobre este impacto. O artigo contribui com a literatura ao identificar fatores que influenciam, simultaneamente, o desempenho em inovação em um contexto ambiental restritivo. Gestores de empresas podem utilizar os resultados aqui reportados em suas estratégias que viabilizem a aquisição de novos conhecimentos, utilizando a integração entre a capacidade inovativa e a orientação para o mercado como fatores direcionadores do desempenho em inovação.This paper examined the impact of innovative capability on innovation performance, considering the influence of market orientation on a low growth economic environment. It used a sample with 244 Brazilian industrial companies and Structural Equation Modeling. The results showed the positive impact of innovative capability on innovation performance and the negative effect of market orientation on this impact. The article contributes to the literature by identifying factors that simultaneously influence innovation performance in a restrictive environmental context. Business managers can use the results reported here in their strategies that enable the acquisition of new knowledge, using the integration between innovative capability and market orientation as driving factors of innovation performance

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Diretriz da SBC sobre Diagnóstico e Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia da Doença de Chagas – 2023

Note: These guidelines are for information purposes and should not replace the clinical judgment of a physician, who must ultimately determine the appropriate treatment for each patient

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.13Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt