CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA ABORDAGEM SOCIOCONSTRUCIONISTA PARA A COMPREENSÃO DA ESTRATÉGIA COMO PRÁTICA SOCIAL / CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE SOCIOCONTRUCTIONIST APPROACH TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF STRATEGY AS A SOCIAL PRACTICE

Baseado em uma revisão crítica da literatura, indicamos como o construcionismo social fornece importantes contribuições para a compreensão e a identificação dos processos sociais que permeiam as relações das pessoas nas instituições e/ou entre instituições. Apresentamos algumas considerações sobre as principais contribuições da abordagem socioconstrucionista (construcionismo social) para a compreensão da Estratégia como Prática Social. Percebemos, como principais resultados, que a literatura referente ao tema da Estratégia como Prática Social, em geral, concentra-se em questões como conceituação e contextualização da prática social, no entanto, a literatura ainda carece de relatos detalhados sobre as reais possibilidades de análise e intervenção nas situações do contexto organizacional. O debate aqui proposto é primordial para a elaboração de estratégias organizacionais que possibilitem a compreensão da realidade organizacional de forma contextualizada, o que permitiria melhores intervenções na esfera organizacional. Palavras-chave: Estratégia como Prática Social. Construcionismo social. Estratégias organizacionais. Teoria organizacional. Revisão de literatura. Abstract Based on a critical literature review, we indicate how social constructionism provides important contributions for understanding and identifying social processes that permeate the relationships of people in institutions and/or between institutions. We present some considerations about the main contributions of the socio-constructionist approach (social constructionism) for understanding the Strategy as Social Practice. As main results, we perceive that the literature on the theme of Strategy as a Social Practice generally focuses on issues such as defining and contextualizing social practice; however, the literature still lacks detailed reports about the real possibilities of analysis and intervention in situations of organizational context. The debate proposed here is vital to the development of organizational strategies that facilitate understanding of organizational reality in contextualized form, which would allow better interventions in the organizational sphere. Keywords: Strategy as Social Practice. Social constructionism. Organizational strategies. Organizational theory. Literature review

Subclavian Access for Transcatheter CoreValve® Aortic Prosthesis Implantation: Data from the Brazilian Registry

ABSTRACTBackgroundTransfemoral access is the preferred approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. However, some situations, such as the presence of peripheral vascular disease, preclude the use of such access. In these cases, subclavian access is an alternative approach for this procedure. This study aimed at evaluating the Brazilian experience using the subclavian approach for transcatheter CoreValve® prosthesis implantation.MethodsAortic valve area<1cm2, aortic valve ring≥20mm and≤27mm (26mm and 29mm CoreValve®), ascending aorta≤43mm and subclavian artery with a diameter≥6mm, without significant obstructive lesions, marked tortuosity and excess calcification were requisites for the procedure. The access through the subclavian artery was obtained by surgical dissection and, under direct vision, a subclavian artery puncture was performed. Once artery access was obtained, the standard technique was used.ResultsBetween January 2008 and April 2012, 8 patients with peripheral vascular disease underwent CoreValve® prosthesis implantation through the subclavian artery in 4 institutions. The procedure was successful in all cases with reduction of the mean transvalvular pressure gradient from 46.4±17.5mmHg to 9.3±3.6mmHg (P=0.0018) and improvement of symptoms. At 30 days and after 275±231 days of follow-up, 87.5% and 62.5% of the patients, respectively, were free from major adverse events (death, myocardial infarction, stroke and urgent cardiac suregery).ConclusionsIn the Brazilian experience, the subclavian access was a safe and effective alternative for transcatheter CoreValve® implantation

Venenos e toxinas ofídicas purificadas como ferramenta biotecnológica para o controle de Ralstonia solanacearum

The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of snake venoms and purified toxins on the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. The evaluations were performed with 17 crude venoms (13 from Bothrops, 3 from Crotalus, and 1 from Lachesis) and seven toxins (1 from Bothrops and 6 from Crotalus). Antibacterial activity was assessed in MB1 medium containing solubilized treatments (1 μL mL‑1). A total of 100 μL bacterial suspension (8.4 x 109 CFU mL-1) was used. After incubation at 28°C, the number of bacterial colonies at 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation was evaluated. SDS-PAGE gel at 15% was used to analyze the protein patterns of the samples, using 5 μg protein of each sample in the assay. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and lethal concentration (LC50) values were determined by the Probit method. Venoms and toxins were able to reduce more than 90% of R. solanacearum growth. These results were either equivalent to those of the positive control chloramphenicol or even better. While MIC values ranged from 4.0 to 271.5 µg mL-1, LC50 ranged from 28.5 µg mL-1 to 4.38 mg mL-1. Ten crude venoms (7 from Bothrops and 3 from Crotalus) and two purified toxins (gyroxin and crotamine) are promising approaches to control the phytopathogenic bacterium R. solanacearum.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro de venenos e toxinas purificadas de serpentes sobre a bactéria fitopatogênica Ralstonia solanacearum. As avaliações foram realizadas em 17 venenos brutos (13 de Bothrops, 3 de Crotalus e 1 de Lachesis) e sete toxinas (1 de Bothrops e 6 de Crotalus). A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada em meio MB1 que continha os tratamentos solubilizados (1 μL mL-1). Utilizou-se o total de 100 μL de suspensão bacteriana (8,4 x 109 UFC mL-1). Após incubação a 28°C, avaliou-se o número de colônias bacterianas às 24, 48 e 72 horas após a inoculação. O gel SDS-PAGE a 15% foi usado para analisar o perfil proteico das amostras, tendo-se utilizado 5 μg de proteína no ensaio. Além disso, os valores de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração letal (CL50) foram determinados pelo método Probit. Os venenos e as toxinas foram capazes de reduzir mais de 90% do crescimento de R. solanacearum. Esses resultados foram ou equivalentes aos do controle positivo cloranfenicol ou até melhores. Enquanto os valores de CIM variaram de 4,0 a 271,5 µg mL-1, a CL50 variou de 28,5 µg mL-1 a 4,38 mg mL-1. Dez venenos brutos (7 de Bothrops e 3 de Crotalus) e duas toxinas (giroxina e crotamina) são abordagens promissoras para o controle da bactéria fitopatogênica R. solanacearum

Measurement of differential cross sections for top quark pair production using the lepton plus jets final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

National Science Foundation (U.S.