Galhas De Insetos Da Serra Geral, Caetité, Bahia, Brasil

We inventoried and characterized the kinds of gall, gall-inducing insects and host plants from Serra Geral between August 2013 and July 2014. Two phytophysiognomies, cerrado sensu stricto and caatinga-cerrado, were examined monthly along transects during ca. 4 hours per visit, totaling 48 hours of sampling effort. A total of 49 gall morphotypes were found on 14 species of host plants in 18 genera and 13 families. Fabaceae and Malpighiaceae were the families with the most galls, with 22 and 10 gall morphotypes, respectively. The genera of host plant with the greatest richness of galls were Copaifera L. (n=10), Bauhinia Benth. (n=6), and Mimosa L. (n=5). Galls were found on leaves, buds and stems. The majority of the galls were globoid, glabrous, isolated, and one-chambered. The inducers belong to Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera, Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) being the most frequent and diverse gall-inducers. The associated fauna included parasitoids (Hymenoptera), successors (Formicidae), and predators (Pseudoscorpiones), obtained from 13, 2, and 1 gall morphotypes, respectively. Five plant taxa are recorded as hosts of gall-inducing insects for the first time. © 2016, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.16111

Avaliação e reforço sísmico de estruturas de betão armado

Apresenta-se um programa experimental que incluiu o ensaio em escala real de dois pórticos de betão armado representativos da construção no sul da Europa com 40/50 anos, com necessi-dade de reabilitação sísmica. São feitas algumas considerações sobre o comportamento experi-mental das estruturas, que foram ensaiadas sem qualquer intervenção, posteriormente reparadas e novamente ensaiadas considerando diferentes técnicas de reforço sísmico

On fair cost facility location games with non-singleton players

In the fair cost facility location game, players control terminals and must open and connect each terminal to a facility, while paying connection costs and equally sharing the opening costs associated with the facilities it connects to. In most of the literature, it is assumed that each player control a single terminal. We explore a more general version of the game where each player may control multiple terminals. We prove that this game does not always possess pure Nash equilibria, and deciding whether an instance has equilibria is NP-Hard, even in metric instances. Furthermore, we present results regarding the efficiency of equilibria, showing that the price of stability of this game is equal to the price of anarchy, in both uncapacitated and capacitated settings

On the effectiveness of connection tolls in fair cost facility location games

We investigate the effectiveness of tolls to reduce the inefficiency of Nash equilibria in the classical fair cost facility location game. In this game, every terminal corresponds to a selfish player who wants to connect to some facility at minimum cost. The cost of a player is determined by the connection cost to the chosen facility plus an equal share of its opening cost. We are interested in the problem of imposing tolls on the connections to induce a socially optimal Nash equilibrium such that the total amount of tolls is minimized. It turns out that this problem is challenging to solve even for simple special cases. We provide polynomial-time algorithms for (i) instances with two facilities, and (ii) instances with a constant number of facilities arranged as a star. Our algorithm for (ii) exploits a relation between our tolling problem and a novel bipartite matching problem without crossings, which we prove to be NP-hard

Electron Spin Resonance G Shift In Gd5 Si4, Gd5 Ge4, And Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88

Gd5 Si4, Gd5 Ge4, and Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88 compounds were studied by electron spin resonance. The arc-melted samples were initially characterized by optical metallography, x-ray diffraction, and static magnetization measurements. The electron spin resonance results show a negative paramagnetic g shift for Gd5 Si4 and Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88, and a smaller positive one for Gd5 Ge4. The values of the exchange parameter (j) between the localized Gd-4f spins and the conduction electrons are obtained from the g shifts. These values are positive and of the same order of magnitude for Gd5 Si4 and Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88, and negative one order of magnitude smaller for Gd5 Ge4. The electron spin resonance data were interpreted considering the strongly bottlenecked solution of the coupled Bloch-Hasegawa equations. © 2006 The American Physical Society.7314Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 4494. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4494Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (1997) J. Alloys Compd., 260, p. 98. , JALCEU 0925-8388 10.1016/S0925-8388(97)00143-6Choe, W., Pecharsky, V.K., Pecharsky, A.O., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., Young Jr., V.G., Miller, G.J., (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett., 84, p. 4617. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4617Levin, E.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (2000) Phys. Rev. B, 62, p. 14625. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.R14625Szade, J., Skorek, G., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 196-197, p. 699. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Levin, E.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (1999) Phys. Rev. B, 60, p. 7993. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.7993Harmon, B.N., Antonov, V.N., (2002) J. Appl. Phys., 91, p. 9815. , JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1461896Levin, E.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., Miller, G.J., (2001) Phys. Rev. B, 64, p. 235103. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.235103Skorek, G., Deniszczyk, J., Szade, J., (2002) J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 14, p. 7273. , JCOMEL 0953-8984 10.1088/0953-8984/14/30/316Samolyuk, G.D., Antropov, V.P., (2002) J. Appl. Phys., 91, p. 8540. , JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1455614Pecharsky, V.K., Samolyuk, G.D., Antropov, V.P., Pecharsky, A.O., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (2003) Solid State Chem., 171, p. 57. , 29CBA6Pires, M.J.M., Magnus Carvalho G, A., Gama, S., Da Silva, E.C., Coelho, A.A., Mansanares, A.M., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 224435. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.224435Gama, S., Alves, C.S., Coelho, A.A., Ribeiro, C.A., Persiano, A.I.C., Silva, D., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 272-276, p. 848. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Usenko, N.I., Ivanov, M.I., Berezutski, V.V., Polotska, R.I., (1998) J. Alloys Compd., 266, p. 186. , JALCEU 0925-8388Zipper, E., (1982) J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 12, p. 3123. , JPFMAT 0305-4608Glaunsinger, W.S., (1976) J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 37, p. 51. , JPCSAW 0022-3697 10.1016/0022-3697(76)90179-7Kaczmarska, K., (1996) J. Alloys Compd., 240, p. 88. , JALCEU 0925-8388Barnes, S.E., (1981) Adv. Phys., 30, p. 801. , ADPHAH 0001-8732 10.1080/00018738100101447Taylor, R.H., Coles, B.R., (1975) J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 5, p. 121. , JPFMAT 0305-4608 10.1088/0305-4608/5/1/017Kaczmarska, K., Kwapulińska, E., Lebarski, A., Zipper, E., Chelkowski, A., (1985) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 50, p. 101. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Schütz, G., Knülle, M., Wienke, R., Wilhelm, W., Wagner, W., Kienle, P., Frahm, R., (1988) Z. Phys. B: Condens. Matter, 73, p. 67. , ZPCMDN. 0722-3277. 10.1007/BF01312156Kim, J.W., Lee, Y., Wermeille, D., Sieve, B., Tan, L., Bud'Ko, S.L., Law, S., Goldman, A.I., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 064403. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.064403Lee, Y., Kim, J.W., Goldman, A.I., Harmon, B.N., (2005) J. Appl. Phys., 97, pp. 10A311. , JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.185221

Eficiência de extratores de fósforo para um solo adubado com fosfatos e cultivado com arroz

In order to assess the efficiency of several extracting procedures for soil phosphorus a pot experiment was carried out using a Red Yellow Latosol. Previously two successive croppings had been made, P fertilizers being applied only in the first one. The following products were used at the rates of 50 and 150 mg.kg-1 soil: Yoorin (thermo-phosphate), "Fosmag", Araxa and Gafsa rock phosphates. Mehlich-1, Bray-1, anion exchange resin, and isotopic dilution ("E" value) methods were used as extracting procedures of available soil-P. The closest correlations between soil - P and either dry matter yield or phosphorus taken up by the rice plant were found with Bray-1 (r = 0.92) and resin (r = 0.91). Phosphorus determined by Mehlich-1 extracting solution showed high correlation with plant parameters (r = 0.96) only when the Araxa rock phosphate treatments were excluded from the calculation. High correlations (r = 0.98) were found between the values corresponding to Bray-1 and resin methods.Visando comparar a eficiência de extratores químicos e isotópico na avaliação da disponibilidade de fósforo no solo, foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação com Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Foram realizados dois cultivos anteriores, com aplicação de fosfatos somente no primeiro. Os fosfatos usados foram: superfosfato simples, termofosfato Yoorin, Fosmag, fosfatos de Araxá e de Gafsa, nas doses de 50 e 150 mg.kg-1 terra. Neste experimento, terceiro cultivo, foram avaliados os extratores: Mehlich 1, Bray-1, resina e valor "E". As maiores correlações entre P-extraível do solo com produção de matéria seca e absorção de P pelo arroz foram apresentadas pelos extratores Bray-1 (r = 0,92) e resina (r = 0,91). O fósforo determinado pelo extrator Mehlich-1 somente apresentou alta correlação com os parâmetros da ¡danta (r = 0,96) quando da exclusão dos tratamentos com fosfato de Araxá. Os resultados de fósforo extraído pelo Bray-1 e resina foram altamente correlacionados entre si (r = 0,98)

Expression of E-cadherin, Snail and Hakai in epithelial cells isolated from the primary tumor and from peritumoral tissue of invasive ductal breast carcinomas

Epithelial intercellular cohesion, mainly mediated by E-cadherin (CDH1) expression and function, may be deregulated during cancer cell invasion of adjacent tissues and lymphatic and vascular channels. CDH1 expression is down-modulated in invasive lobular breast carcinomas but its regulation in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) is less clear. CDH1 expression is repressed by transcription factors such as Snail (SNAI1) and its product is degraded after Hakai ubiquitination. We compared CDH1, SNAI1 and HAKAI mRNA expression in IDC and paired adjacent normal breast tissue and evaluated its relation with node metastasis and circulating tumor cells. Matched tumor/peritumoral and blood samples were collected from 30 patients with early IDC. Epithelial cells from each compartment (tumor/peritumoral) were recovered by an immunomagnetic method and gene expression was determined by real time RT-PCR. There were no differences in CDH1, SNAI1 and HAKAI mRNA expression between tumor and corresponding peritumoral samples and no differential tumoral gene expression according to nodal involvement. Another 30 patients with a long-term follow-up (at least 5 years) and a differential prognosis (good or poor, as defined by breast cancer death) had E-cadherin and Snail protein detected by immunohistochemistry in tumor samples. In this group, E-cadherin-positive expression, but not Snail, may be associated with a better prognosis. This is the first report simultaneously analyzing CDH1, SNAI1 and HAKAI mRNA expression in matched tumor and peritumoral samples from patients with IDC. However, no clear pattern of their expression could distinguish the invasive tumor compartment from its adjacent normal tissue.FAPESPCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Electron Spin Resonance And Magnetic Characterization Of The Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88

Electron spin resonance was applied on samples of Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88. The results are discussed under the scope of magnetization measurements, optical metallography, and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy. Polycrystalline arc-melted samples submitted to different heat treatments were investigated. The correlation of the electron spin resonance and magnetization results permitted a characterization of the present phases and their transitions. Two coexisting phases in the temperature range between two phase transitions have been identified and associated to distinct crystallographic phases. Additionally, the magnetic moment at high temperatures has been estimated from the measured effective g factor. A peak value of 21.5 J kg K for the magnetocaloric effect was obtained for a sample heat treated at 1500°C for 16 h. © 2005 The American Physical Society.7222Morellon, L., Algarabel, P.A., Ibarra, M.R., Blasco, J., Garcia-Landa, B., Arnold, Z., Albertini, F., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 58, p. 14721. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R14721Levin, E.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (1999) Phys. Rev. B, 60, p. 7993. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.7993Levin, E.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (2000) Phys. Rev. B, 62, p. 14625. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.R14625Pecharsky, A.O., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., Pecharsky, V.K., (2003) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 267, p. 60. , JMMMDC 0304-8853 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00305-6Gama, S., Alves, C.S., Coelho, A.A., Ribeiro, C.A., Persiano, A.I.C., Silva, D., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 272-276, p. 848. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner Jr., K.A., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 4494. , PRLTAO 0031-9007 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4494Szade, J., Skorek, G., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 196-197, p. 699. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Magnus Carvalho, G.A., Nascimento, F.C., Alves, C.S., Doce, T.S., Gama, S., Cardoso, L.P., Coelho, A.A., (2005), Influence of the processing parameters on structural and magnetic properties of the Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88 compound," presented at the First International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature, Montreux, Switzerland, 27-30 SeptemberPoole, C.P., (1967) Electron Spin Resonance: A Comprehensive Treatise on Experimental Techniques, pp. 814-822. , 1st ed. (J. Wiley, New YorkAbragam, A., Bleaney, B., (1986) Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of Transition Ions, p. 335. , 1st ed. (Dover Publications, New YorkTaylor, R.H., Coles, B.R., (1975) J. Phys. F: Met. Phys., 5, p. 121. , JPFMAT 0305-4608 10.1088/0305-4608/5/1/017Stoppels, D., Sawatzky, G.A., (1978) Phys. Rev. B, 18, p. 157. , PLRBAQ 0556-2805 10.1103/PhysRevB.18.157Samolyuk, G.D., Antropov, V.P., (2002) J. Appl. Phys., 91, p. 8540. , JAPIAU 0021-8979 10.1063/1.1455614Von Ranke, P.J., De Oliveira, N.A., Gama, S., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 277, p. 78. , JMMMDC 0304-8853 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.10.013Von Ranke, P.J., De Oliveira, N.A., Mello, C., Carvalho, A.M., Gama, S., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 71, p. 054410. , PRBMDO 0163-1829 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.054410Zipper, E., Kaczmarska, K., Kwapulinska, E., Pichet, J., (1984) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 40, p. 259. , JMMMDC 0304-8853Heimann, J., Kaczmarska, K., Kwapulinska, E., Slebarski, A., Chelkowski, A., (1982) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 27, p. 187. , JMMMDC 0304-885

O157:H7 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Associated with Sporadic Cases of Diarrhea in São Paulo, Brazil

Inst Adolfo Lutz Registro, Sao Paulo, BrazilLab Anal Clin Dr Joao Antonio Vozza, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Acoustic Detection Of The Magnetocaloric Effect: Application To Gd And Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88

In this paper we present a simple method for the determination of the total magnetocaloric effect based on the acoustic detection of the adiabatic temperature rise caused by the application of an ac magnetic field of small amplitude. The continuous scanning of a superimposed dc magnetic field allows, by numerical integration, the determination of large temperature variations caused by magnetic field steps from zero to tens of kOe. Absolute values of temperature rise are easily acquired after the calibration of the microphone signal using an appropriate reference sample. Once the calibration is done, no further information about the sample's thermal properties is necessary since the measured signal is directly proportional to the temperature variation. Measurements were made in Gd and Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88 samples in the temperature range from 240 to 320 K. The technique shows to be suitable for the investigation of materials undergoing both purely magnetic phase transitions, as in the case of Gd, and magnetic-crystallographic first-order ones, as observed for Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88. Besides the ability to determine the temperature variation due to a large magnetic field step through the continuous scanning of the magnetic field, the technique is also very suitable for measuring the magnetocaloric effect under very small magnetic field steps since it has sensitivity below millikelvin. Moreover, it is able to detect temperature variations in very small amount of sample, leading to its potential application in magnetocaloric thin films. © 2009 The American Physical Society.8013Foldeaki, M., Schnelle, W., Gmelin, E., Benard, P., Koszegi, B., Giguere, A., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., (1997) J. Appl. Phys., 82, p. 309. , 10.1063/1.365813Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 565. , 10.1063/1.370767Gopal, B.R., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., (1997) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 68, p. 1818. , 10.1063/1.1147999Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 44. , 10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00397-2Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 4494. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4494Otowski, W., Glorieux, C., Hofman, R., Thoen, J., (1993) Thermochim. Acta, 218, p. 123. , 10.1016/0040-6031(93)80416-8Gopal, B.R., Chahine, R., Földeàki, M., Bose, T.K., (1995) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 66, p. 232. , 10.1063/1.1145264Rosencwaig, A., Gersho, A., (1976) J. Appl. Phys., 47, p. 64. , 10.1063/1.322296Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (2001) Adv. Mater., 13, p. 683. , 10.1002/1521-4095(200105)13:93.0.CO;2-OVon Ranke, P.J., De Oliveira, N.A., Gama, S., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 277, p. 78. , 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.10.013Carvalho, A.M.G., Alves, C.S., Campos, A., Coelho, A.A., Gama, S., Gandra, F.C.G., Von Ranke, P.J., Oliveira, N.A., (2005) J. Appl. Phys., 97, pp. 10M320. , 10.1063/1.1860932Pecharsky, A.O., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., Pecharsky, V.K., (2003) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 267, p. 60. , 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00305-6Gama, S., Alves, C.S., Coelho, A.A., Ribeiro, C.A., Persiano, A.I.C., Silva, D., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 272-276, p. 848. , 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1260Pires, M.J.M., Carvalho, A.M.G., Gama, S., Da Silva, E.C., Coelho, A.A., Mansanares, A.M., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 224435. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.224435Glorieux, C., Thoen, J., Bednarz, G., White, M.A., Geldart, D.J.W., (1995) Phys. Rev. B, 52, p. 12770. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.12770Bednarz, G., Geldart, D.J.W., White, M.A., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 47, p. 14247. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.14247Yu. Dan'Kov, S., Tishin, A.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 57, p. 3478. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3478Glorieux, C., Caerels, J., Thoen, J., (1996) J. Appl. Phys., 80, p. 3412. , 10.1063/1.363208Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 6315. , 10.1063/1.371734Giguere, A., Foldeaki, M., Ravi Gopal, B., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., Frydman, A., Barclay, J.A., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, p. 2262. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.2262Yue, M., Zhang, J., Zeng, H., Chen, H., Liu, X.B., (2006) J. Appl. Phys., 99, pp. 08Q104. , 10.1063/1.2158971Tocado, L., Palacios, E., Burriel, R., (2006) J. Therm Anal. Calorim., 84, p. 213. , 10.1007/s10973-005-7180-zGschneidner, Jr.K.A., Pecharsky, V.K., Brück, E., Duijn, H.G.M., Levin, E.M., (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, p. 4190. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.419