Desenvolvimento de nanofiltro para remoção de sulfeto de hidrogênio do biogás

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Gama, Curso de Engenharia de Energia, 2017.A atual crise no sistema hídrico brasileiro e a possibilidade do esgotamento dos combustíveis fósseis fazem com que a busca por fontes renováveis de energia aumente. O biogás é um combustível renovável que se assemelha ao gás natural, e é produzido a partir da digestão anaeróbia de dejetos de animais ou do lixo urbano. Contudo as aplicações para o biogás são limitadas devido a presença de contaminantes, principalmente o sulfeto de hidrogênio (H2S). Ainda que em pequenas quantidades (até 1,5%), este composto é tóxico aos seres humanos e causa corrosão nas instalações por onde o gás flui. Estudos realizados para remoção do H2S apontam que as partículas de óxidos de ferro tem alta eficiência para adsorção deste gás. O presente trabalho contempla o desenvolvimento de nano filtros utilizando como substrato carvão ativado impregnado com nanopartículas de óxido de ferro sintetizadas e na presença de carboximetilcelulose. As etapas realizadas foram: (1) Síntese e caracterização morfológica das nanopartículas de óxido de ferro obtidas pelo método de Pechini, assim como caraterização do substrato de carvão ativado utilizando as técnicas tais como DRX, MEV-EDS, SBET. (2) Em seguida foram desenvolvidos três diferentes filtros, usando como substrato carvão ativado, outro com carvão ativado e nanopartículas de óxido de ferro e o terceiro com substrato carvão ativado impregnado com nanopartículas de óxido de ferro e carboximetilcelulose. (3). Finalmente foi avaliada a eficiência dos filtros construídos com auxílio da técnica de espectroscopia por infravermelho, usando um padrão de H2S, os espectros obtidos antes e após a filtragem foram comparados, o rendimento máximo obtido foi de 98%. O que significa que o filtro adsorveu quase todo o H2S.The crisis in Brazilian hydro system and the shortage of fossil fuels make grow the investments on renewable energy sources. Biogas is a renewable fuel that has the composition very similar to natural gas. The production of biogas is from the anaerobic digestion of animal or urban waste. However the applications for this carrier are limited because it counties undesirable compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Though in small quantities (until 1,5%), this compost is toxic for humans and it is detrimental for the gas installations, because it causes corrosion in the pipes or turbines that the gas flows. Studies carried out for removal of the H2S point what the particles of iron oxides has high efficiency for adsorption of this gas. The present work contemplates the development of nano filters using like substrate activated coal impregnated with nanoparticles of iron oxide, and were summarized and in the presence of carboximetxlcellulose. The stages of the project were: (1) Synthesis and morphological characterization of the nanoparticular of iron oxides obtained by the method of Pechini, as well as characterization of the substrate from activated coal using the technicians such as DRX, MEV-EDS, SBET. (2) Next were developed three different filters, using the substrate activated coal, different the second one is composted by the substrate os activated coal impregnated with nanoparticles of iron oxides and the third thing with substrate activated coal impregnated with nanoparticles of iron oxide and carboximetylcellulose. (3) Finally there was valued the efficiency of the filters built with help of the technique of spectroscopy for infrared, using a standard of H2S, the specters obtained before and after using the filter t were compared, we obtained a efficiency of 98 %. What means that the filter could lower thw levels of H2S

The impact of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws on the quality of life in cancer patients

To evaluate the impact of oral health on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals undergoing cancer treatment at the time of diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The present cross-sectional study analyzed patients with MRONJ from 2013 to 2019. The collected data included demographic data, base disease, medications associated with MRONJ, route of administration and time of use, signs, symptoms, and tomographic features of acute MRONJ, staging according to American Association of Oral and maxillofacial Surgeons position paper 2014 (AAOMS), type of dental treatment performed, outcome, and the responses to the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14). Statistical analysis was performed using the Tukey test to study the association between oral condition and the QOL. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The sample consisted of 16 medical records of patients with MRONJ. Psychological discomfort showed alarmingly significant results (p< 0.001) with strong negative impact on the QOL of the patients. Functional limitation was the least affected dimension (p = 0.747). The other dimensions did not show statistically significant results. MRONJ compromises oral health and negatively impacts the QOL, especially with respect to the psychological discomfort (worry and stress). The OHIP-14 questionnaire proved to be an effective tool in the assessment of this impact

Emphysematous cystitis in feline caused by klebsiella oxytoca multi-resistant producer of extended spectrum betalactamases associated with enterococcus sp. - case report

Over the years, resistance to antimicrobials has become one of the world's biggest public health problems. This problem deserves attention not only in medicine but also in veterinary medicine since microorganisms have zoonotic potential. For that reason, this study aims to report a case of feline emphysematous cystitis caused by a multiresistant Klebsiella oxytoca Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producer associated with an Enterococcus sp. We treated the animal at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, campus Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil and the microorganisms were identified by employing morphotintorial characteristics and biochemical tests at the Animal Health Laboratory of the same institution. We performed the antimicrobial sensitivity test using the Kirby and Bauer method, where we identified resistance to several antimicrobial classes. For phenotypic detection of ESBL production in the Klebsiella oxytoca strain, we performed Disk Approximation, Three-dimensional Extract Test and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration tests using the Etest® tape. This case draws attention because they are bacteria commonly isolated in nosocomial infections in humans only and, for that reason, it emphasizes the importance of working with antimicrobial resistance in the concept of One Healt

A novel approach for micro-antenna fabrication on ZrO2 substrate assisted by laser printing for smart implants

The use of Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) in medicine has rapidly expanded over the past decade, driven by its advantageous properties, showing potential to overcome titanium alloy in implant fabrication. The release of metal ions and the aesthetic problems of titanium alloy implants are the main reasons for this trend. In addition to meeting expectations regarding its properties, an implant must possess intrinsic capacities such as auto-diagnostic and auto-treatment. Thus, based on the concept of smart implants, this work proposes a hybrid approach for printing a part of the communication system of a zirconia implant by resorting to laser technology, aiming to endow the implant with intrinsic capacities. Therefore, the antenna was designed and then printed on the zirconia surface. The laser was applied as a versatile tool, whether for preparing the surface of the material in a subtractive way, by creating the micro-cavity, or for printing the silver-based antenna in an additive way through laser technology. The silver powder was used as the conductor material of the antenna. The results revealed that the antenna is capable of communicating from inside the body with the outside world without needing to have an exterior antenna attached to the skin.This work has been supported by the FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia -Portugal) in the scope of the projects UID/EEA/04436/2019; Magsense_POCI-01-0247-FEDER-033783, Add.Additive_Manufacturing to Portuguese Industry_POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024533, grant SFRH/BD/ 116554/2016 and the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) for the grant 205791/2014-

Cardiovascular indicators and mitral valve disease in dogs with spontaneous hypercortisolism : prospective evaluation

Background: Canine hypercortisolism (HC) is the most prevalent endocrinopathy in dogs in southern Brazil. The prognosis depends on several factors including the general health status, owners´ commitment, and the development of disease complications and comorbidities occurrence, such as cardiovascular complications including mitral valve disease (MVD), systemic arterial hypertension, and left ventricular hypertrophy. The main objective of the present study was to assess cardiovascular parameters in canine HC, based on investigating survival-related variables. The study also aimed to evaluate the influence of concurrent preclinical (MVD) on dogs` survival and the impact of HC on MVD progression. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 25 dogs with spontaneous HC were enrolled and divided into 2 subgroups accordingly to their echocardiographic findings: group HC (normal echocardiography at first evaluation, n = 16); and group HC + MVD (concurrent presence of stages B1 and B2 MVD diagnosed at the first evaluation, n = 9). The patients were evaluated at diagnosis (T0); 6 months after treatment begging (T1); and after 12 months of treatment (T2). The owners were further contacted by phone or e-mail for 1 more year after T2 regarding survival information. A control group (CG, n = 20) was also evaluated at T0 and T1. At each evaluation, dogs were submitted to a complete clinical evaluation and physical exam, associated with a minimum database (CBC, serum biochemistry, and urine analysis) and cardiovascular evaluation composed of systolic blood pressure determination, electrocardiogram (ECG), and echodopplercardiography. In the HC group, 11/16 dogs underwent the evaluation at T2, while 4/9 dogs from the HC + MVD group and 17/20 dogs from the CG underwent the evaluation at T2. Five dogs (31.25%) from the HC group and 4 dogs (44.44%) from the HC + MVD group died before the end of the follow-up period. In the control group, only 1 dog (5.26%) died before the end of the study. Despite the higher mortality in the HC + MVD group during the follow-up period, there was no significant difference (P = 0.632) in survival when compared with the HC group. The MVD of 4 dogs included in the HC + MVD group was classified as stage B1, while the other 5 dogs were classified as stage B2. Only 1 dog from the CG developed stage B1 MVD in the period studied; however, progression of the MVD stage was documented in 1/4 of dogs in the HC + MVD group and MVD development was documented in 3/11 of dogs from the HC group from T0 to T2. The odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for HC as a risk factor for MVD progression were 4.267 (0.4268 - 42.65; P = 0.342). Exercise intolerance (12/16 dogs) and dyspnea (6/16 dogs) were the cardiorespiratory clinical signs with the highest incidence in the HC group at T0. When compared to the control group, both exercise intolerance (P < 0.001) and dyspnea (P = 0.03) occurrence were significantly higher in the HC group. The age (P = 0.001) and the occurrence of dyspnea (P = 0.036) at diagnosis were significantly higher in dogs with HC that died during the follow-up than those that remained alive. Regarding the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias verified by ECG, no statistically significant differences were observed among groups. Discussion: The study suggests that systemic hypertension and altered echocardiographic measurements did not interfere with dogs’ survival; however, dyspnea was associated with a worse prognosis. Finally, it is possible to conclude that mitral valve degeneration is a common comorbidity in dogs with HC, however, it was not evidenced their interference in the survival of dogs with this endocrine disease or even a role of the HC in the progression of the MVD

Transações entre os agentes: cooperativas, Agroindústria Aurolat e distribuidores

A pesquisa foi realizada na Agroindústria Aurolat – Unidade Industrial de Lácteos – Cooperativa Central Oeste Catarinense, por meio de entrevista direta junto ao gerente geral da unidade; objetivou conhecer as transações existentes entre os agentes, cooperativas, Agroindústria Aurolat e distribuidores. O design da pesquisa compreende uma pesquisa exploratória por meio de estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa. Evidências do estudo: Nas transações existentes entre cooperativas, Agroindústria Aurolat e distribuidores, destaca-se a característica da “incerteza”. No caso das transações com as cooperativas singulares, pela fragilidade da variável matéria-prima (suprimento, concorrência e pericibilidade), e no caso dos distribuidores, pela questão da continuidade dos contratos para ambas as partes, em que os interesses devem convergir motivados pela rentabilidade, devendo gerar bons resultados econômicos para as duas partes. Em ambas as transações, os riscos são minimizados pela existência e execução de contratos. Despertam atenção as transações entre a Aurolat e seus distribuidores em termos de comportamento oportunístico, motivado por relações comerciais (menor custo, maior benefício) que deveriam se harmonizar com os princípios cooperativistas, bem como em termos de especificidade “capital humano”, em que os distribuidores são especialistas no negócio, conhecem todo o mercado consumidor, com forte tendência a, se houver ruptura de contrato, o cliente se manter mais fiel ao distribuidor que à indústria. As transações estudadas parecem possuir como grande desafio a busca de harmonia entre diferentes interesses, ou seja, transações baseadas em princípios doutrinários cooperativistas (sociedade de pessoas) e transações baseadas em princípios comerciais (sociedade de capital). Entende-se como importante uma sequência ao estudo, investigando estratégias organizacionais que conciliem a “convivência” das transações entre organizações cooperativas e não cooperativas, buscando um relacionamento baseado na visão sistêmica necessária ao sistema agroindustrial do leite. Palavras-chave: Sistema agroindustrial. Agribusiness cooperativo. Setor lácteo

Transtorno de ansiedade no interior da Amazônia: um estudo de base populacional / Anxiety disorder inside Amazon: a population-based study

A ansiedade é um sentimento positivo sob uma perspectiva evolucionista, porém, ela pode tornar-se patológica, o que caracteriza um transtorno de ansiedade. Os transtornos de ansiedade estão entre as doenças psiquiátricas de maior prevalência no mundo. Sendo assim, esse estudo teve como principal objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com transtorno de ansiedade assistidos pelo CAPS II no município de Santarém, no período de 2016 e 2017. O perfil foi traçado a partir do banco de dados do próprio CAPS e de 101 prontuários. Buscou-se analisar o sexo, estado civil, idade, número de filhos, grau de escolaridade, ocupação e renda familiar dos pacientes. Além disso, foi investigado se existe algum período do ano em que a procura pelo serviço do CAPS é maior e quantos atendimentos referentes a transtorno de ansiedade foram feitos nesse CAPS II. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que mulheres apresentam mais transtorno de ansiedade do que os homens. Sobre o estado civil, não apresentaram resultados significativos, tanto para solteiro ou casado. Houve uma singela diferença entre as faixas etárias. A maioria dos pacientes possui mais de 2 filhos, não ingressou no ensino superior, concluiu o ensino médio e vive com até meio salário mínimo. A maior parte iniciou o acompanhamento no primeiro semestre do ano, o que foi válido tanto no ano de 2016 quanto no ano de 2017

Giant cerebral abscess in pediatric patient

Introduction: Brain abscess is a focal infection consisting of purulent collection, encapsulated in the brain parenchyma.&nbsp;The term “giant” has a subjective character because there is no specific definition concerning the measure of the lesion.&nbsp;The most common etiology includes Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, gram-negative and the first two decades of life are&nbsp;the most affected age group. Its pathogenesis occurs by contiguity, hematogenous or metastasis. The clinical presentation&nbsp;is variable and requires treatment with antibiotic therapy and possible surgical approaches. Giant abscesses are rare and&nbsp;rarely occur without apparent clinical manifestations.&nbsp;Objective: Report a patient with a giant brain abscess who was diagnosed on a routine examination.Case report: Observation of rare or atypical manifestations in cases of a known disease.&nbsp;Case: A male patient with significant idiopathic hydrocephalus at birth who was treated with ventricular-peritoneal shunt&nbsp;(VPS). It evolves with four episodes of ventriculites. After antibiotic therapy and VPS changes, he remained stable for a&nbsp;long period, with significant cognitive-motor delay and epilepsy that was controlled. Control computed tomography (CT)&nbsp;were periodically performed and, at the age of 4, a suggestive image of large-volume abscess was observed, involving&nbsp;2/3 of the intracranial space. Conservative treatment was chosen because of clinical stability and the impossibility of&nbsp;completing drainage of the lesion.&nbsp;Discussion: The patient was stable and the reason for executing the CT scan was due to the control of epileptic seizures.&nbsp;Finding the injury was casual. Conservative treatment was the option due to the size of the abscess and the impossibility&nbsp;of completing drainage. The patient has been followed since 2002.&nbsp;Conclusion: Conservative treatment has kept the child stable, as anticonvulsants are still being used. The follow-up of&nbsp;the patient from birth allowed the choice of the therapeutic option since the surgical approach may be more harmful due&nbsp;to the clinical picture

Laser printing of micro-electronic communication systems for smart implants applications

Endow the implant with intrinsic communication system between sensors and actuators or between implant and patient is a key factor for its long-term success. The capacity of early diagnosis of failures and the ability to remedy them are necessary to minimize expensive complications and reducing revision procedures. Ti6Al4V is the most used titanium alloy for implant’s fabrication. In this sense, this work presents a promising approach to print communication systems by using laser technology, aiming integrate the smart components on titanium implants. Laser has been employed as a versatile tool to modify the surface in different ways, such as texturing, oxidizing and sintering. Silver wires have been printed on Ti6Al4V surface in order to conduct electrical current. To minimize current loss for the substrate, titanium oxide layer has been produced by different methods (laser and anodization). Laser sintering (LS) has been also compared to a conventional method (Hot-pressing- HP) to consolidate the silver powder into the cavities. In comparison to the conventional techniques, laser demonstrated to be a competitive approach to oxidizing the surface and also for consolidating the micro-wires on Ti6Al4V surface. Consequently, the micro-wires printed by laser approach presented satisfactory results in terms of electrical resistance, actuating as the conductor path for electrical current, with values of 0.0131 Ω, which is similar to the resistance of the wire printed in an insulator substrate.This work has been supported by FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia -Portugal) in the scope of the projects UID/EEA/04436/ 2019 and NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000018-HAMaBICo and Add.Additive_Manufacturing to Portuguese Industry_POCI-01-0247- FEDER-024533. I wish to thank the CNPq (205791/2014-0)