Stories of Agency in the Lives of Incarcerated Women

Researchers explored the role of agency in the lives of women offenders. Life history interviews were conducted with 13 women. Five themes emerged including (1) resourcefulness, (2) self-protection, (3) getting even, (4) resisting gendered expectations and (5) resisting stigma and valuing self. Findings have implications for educators and helping professionals

Educators’ Reflections on Empowerment in a Gender Responsive Program for Women Offenders

We explore women educators’ experiences teaching in a gender-responsive program for women who are incarcerated. Themes including fostering empowerment, motivations for teaching, and tensions teaching emancipatory content in jail

ResolanaPaving Paths Toward Transformation with Incarcerated Women

The purpose of this study was to elicit the experiences of women who participated in a gender-responsive program in jail. Results indicate the holistic programming and learning environment was an emancipatory container where transformation could occur through interpersonal and intrapersonal engagement. Findings have implications for the education of incarcerated women

“Doin’ Whatever I Had to Do to Survive”: A Study of Resistance, Agency, and Transformation in the Lives of Incarcerated Women

The number of women who are incarcerated has increased significantly in the past few decades. Originally designed to manage male offenders, jails and prisons are ill-equipped to address the unique needs of women inmates whose paths to incarceration often include histories of trauma, abuse, and addiction. This qualitative study investigated the lives of 13 women who while incarcerated at Dallas County Jail, participated in an educational program, Resolana. The purpose of this study was to understand the women’s lives prior to incarceration, as well as the impact of the program and changes they experienced, if any, as a result of what they were learning. Data were collected using semi-structured, life history interviews, and by engaging in field observations as a volunteer for each class for a period of one week. An in-depth analysis through a critical lens, using a holistic-content narrative analysis method, was done with one participant’s life history. The findings are presented as an ethnodrama illuminating the cultural, social, personal, and legal systems of oppression that she survived and that contributed to her path to incarceration. Analyzed through a lens of agency and resistance, the findings that emerged from an analysis of all the participant’s life histories reveal that the women’s criminalized actions were often survival responses. The women employed various strategies, both legal and illegal, in response to people or situations involving control, power or domination over their lives. An analysis of the women’s experiences with Resolana through a transformative learning theoretical framework indicates that the women experience transformation in various ways and to varying degrees. The learning environment served as a container in which transformative learning could be cultivated through opportunities for interpersonal and intrapersonal engagement. The results of this study reveal the need for more and targeted advocacy and education for incarcerated and formerly incarcerated women. The results also indicate that the process and content of Resolana’s programming had a transformative impact on participants, and for some, the transformation was enduring. Finally, the results challenge definitions of criminal behavior in the context interlocking systems of oppression, and encourage thinking about alternatives to incarceration

Síndrome de burnout y calidad de atención en enfermeros(as) del servicio de emergencia, Hospital Regional II-2 Tumbes, 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal Determinar la influencia significativa del síndrome de burnout en la calidad de atención en enfermeros(as) del servicio de emergencia, Hospital Regional II-2 Tumbes, 2020, en una población de 35 profesionales de enfermería que se encuentran en el servicio de emergencia, la investigación fue no experimental de tipo correlacional – cuantitativa, los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Human Services Survey - (MBI-HSS) siendo el autor Maslach, Jackson y Leiter; Caring Assessment Instrument (Care-Q) siendo el autor Larson, P. Las conclusiones fueron: Los resultados de correlación Rho de Spearman no fueron estadísticamente significativos entre las variables síndrome de burnout y calidad de atención, situación que se encuentra sustentada a la actual situación de emergencia sanitaria donde no sólo el síndrome de burnout influye en el actuar del personal sino también otras variables que no fueron estudiadas en la presente investigación

Study of polycrystalline Cu2ZnSnS4 films by Raman scattering

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a p-type semiconductor that has been seen as a possible low-cost replacement for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 in thin film solar cells. So far compound has presented difficulties in its growth, mainly, because of the formation of secondary phases like ZnS, CuxSnSx+1, SnxSy, Cu2−xS and MoS2. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), which is mostly used for phase identification cannot resolve some of these phases from the kesterite/stannite CZTS and thus the use of a complementary technique is needed. Raman scattering analysis can help distinguishing these phases not only laterally but also in depth. Knowing the absorption coefficient and using different excitation wavelengths in Raman scattering analysis, one is capable of profiling the different phases present in multi-phase CZTS thin films. This work describes in a concise form the methods used to grow chalcogenide compounds, such as, CZTS, CuxSnSx+1, SnxSy and cubic ZnS based on the sulphurization of stacked metallic precursors. The results of the films’ characterization by XRD, electron backscatter diffraction and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques are presented for the CZTS phase. The limitation of XRD to identify some of the possible phases that can remain after the sulphurization process are investigated. The results of the Raman analysis of the phases formed in this growth method and the advantage of using this technique in identifying them are presented. Using different excitation wavelengths it is also analysed the CZTS film in depth showing that this technique can be used as non destructive methods to detect secondary phases

Nursing Home Residents and Enterobacteriaceae Resistant to Third-Generation Cephalosporins

Limited data identify the risk factors for infection with Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins among residents of long-term-care facilities. Using a nested case-control study design, nursing home residents with clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins were compared to residents with isolates of Enterobacteriaceae susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins. Data were collected on antimicrobial drug exposure 10 weeks before detection of the isolates, facility-level demographics, hygiene facilities, and staffing levels. Logistic regression models were built to adjust for confounding variables. Twenty-seven case-residents were identified and compared to 85 controls. Exposure to any cephalosporin (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2 to13.6) and log percentage of residents using gastrostomy tubes within the nursing home (adjusted OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.3 to 12.0) were associated with having a clinical isolate resistant to third-generation cephalosporins

Comparing estimates of influenza-associated hospitalization and death among adults with congestive heart failure based on how influenza season is defined

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is little consensus about how the influenza season should be defined in studies that assess influenza-attributable risk. The objective of this study was to compare estimates of influenza-associated risk in a defined clinical population using four different methods of defining the influenza season.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Using the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) clinical database and national influenza surveillance data from 1986–87 to 1990–91, four definitions were used to assess influenza-associated risk: (a) three-week moving average of positive influenza isolates is at least 5%, (b) three-week moving average of positive influenza isolates is at least 10%, (c) first and last positive influenza isolate are identified, and (d) 5% of total number of positive isolates for the season are obtained. The clinical data were from adults aged 21 to 80 with physician-diagnosed congestive heart failure. All-cause hospitalization and all-cause mortality during the influenza seasons and non-influenza seasons were compared using four definitions of the influenza season. Incidence analyses and Cox regression were used to assess the effect of exposure to influenza season on all-cause hospitalization and death using all four definitions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was a higher risk of hospitalization associated with the influenza season, regardless of how the start and stop of the influenza season was defined. The adjusted risk of hospitalization was 8 to 10 percent higher during the influenza season compared to the non-influenza season when the different definitions were used. However, exposure to influenza was not consistently associated with higher risk of death when all definitions were used. When the 5% moving average and first/last positive isolate definitions were used, exposure to influenza was associated with a higher risk of death compared to non-exposure in this clinical population (adjusted hazard ratios [HR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.29 and adjusted HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.33, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Estimates of influenza-attributable risk may vary depending on how influenza season is defined and the outcome being assessed.</p

Repeat controlled human malaria infection of healthy UK adults with blood-stage plasmodium falciparum:Safety and parasite growth dynamics

In endemic settings it is known that natural malaria immunity is gradually acquired following repeated exposures. Here we sought to assess whether similar acquisition of blood-stage malaria immunity would occur following repeated parasite exposure by controlled human malaria infection (CHMI). We report the findings of repeat homologous blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum (3D7 clone) CHMI studies VAC063C (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03906474) and VAC063 (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02927145). In total, 24 healthy, unvaccinated, malaria-naïve UK adult participants underwent primary CHMI followed by drug treatment. Ten of these then underwent secondary CHMI in the same manner, and then six of these underwent a final tertiary CHMI. As with primary CHMI, malaria symptoms were common following secondary and tertiary infection, however, most resolved within a few days of treatment and there were no long term sequelae or serious adverse events related to CHMI. Despite detectable induction and boosting of anti-merozoite serum IgG antibody responses following each round of CHMI, there was no clear evidence of anti-parasite immunity (manifest as reduced parasite growth in vivo) conferred by repeated challenge with the homologous parasite in the majority of volunteers. However, three volunteers showed some variation in parasite growth dynamics in vivo following repeat CHMI that were either modest or short-lived. We also observed no major differences in clinical symptoms or laboratory markers of infection across the primary, secondary and tertiary challenges. However, there was a trend to more severe pyrexia after primary CHMI and the absence of a detectable transaminitis post-treatment following secondary and tertiary infection. We hypothesize that this could represent the initial induction of clinical immunity. Repeat homologous blood-stage CHMI is thus safe and provides a model with the potential to further the understanding of naturally acquired immunity to blood-stage infection in a highly controlled setting. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03906474, NCT02927145