A Educomunicação como ferramenta para o diálogo na Educação Ambiental

Inicialmente, convém mencionar que este trabalho faz parte de um constructo maior, vinculado ao Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA), denominado Sala Verde nas Ondas do Rio Iguaçu: a dimensão política da Educação Ambiental. Este projeto é concedido a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná – Campus Dois Vizinhos, onde a pesquisa está sendo realizada. Está é uma proposta de Educomunicação, com o desenvolvimento de matérias e informativos de valores éticos e estéticos em uma perspectiva crítica da Educação Ambiental, o objetivo é questionar o atual modelo de relação sociedade. Foram convidados professores de uma Escola de Educação Básica para a revitalização do espaço da Sala Verde. Nesse processo educativo construímos matérias audiovisuais. Ao final das atividades os professores responderam uma entrevista, possibilitando analisar os dados de forma quanti-qualitativa, relacionando Educação e Comunicação

PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA SOBRE O USO DE RETINÓIDES EM FORMULAÇÕES DESPIGMENTANTES

Os retinóides tópicos têm sido utilizados no tratamento de várias patologias da pele como acne, melasma, fotoenvelhecimento, queratose actínica há mais de 30 anos. O peeling de ácido retinóico é considerado superficial, pois pode atingir o estrato córneo, granuloso, camada de células basais, até a junção dermo epidérmica. A presente prospecção analisou 110 patentes ao utilizar retin* e o código A61Q19/02 da Classificação Internacional de Patentes. Concluiu-se que uso de retinóides para o tratamento da pele é conhecido desde a década de 1970 e que a indústria Unilever possui maior número de depósitos

Atuação do Programa de Extensão “Centro Colaborador de Alimentação e Nutrição Escolar – CECANE-UNIRIO” durante a pandemia pela Covid-19

A pandemia do novo coronavírus levou a necessidade de adaptações na execução do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE). Nesse sentido, o Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento para Educação (FNDE) por meio de leis e normativas, autorizou a distribuição de kits de gêneros alimentícios de modo a assegurar a Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional (SAN) e o Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada (DHAA) ao alunado. Dessa forma, considerando os desafios impostos pela Covid-19, o presente artigo tem como objetivo mostrar as modificações para o cumprimento do PNAE e as ações do CECANE-UNIRIO durante este período. As atividades de formação para atores sociais, assim como a assessoria e o monitoramento às Entidades Executoras (EEx) ocorreram de maneira remota, da mesma maneira que outras atividades nas quais o programa de extensão esteve envolvido para além do plano de trabalho. De modo geral, as atividades desenvolvidas disseminaram conhecimento para a comunidade como um todo

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors

Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates

Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-MAim: To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period: Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied: Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 9.55 cm. Location: Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods: We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results: Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions: The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types

Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin

Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased towards better drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending over wide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures