Efectos cardioprotectores de reducción de tamaño del infarto de miocardio y prevención del remodelado ventricular post-infarto del agonista del receptor de esfingosina-1-fosfato: estudio experimental en un modelo porcino de isquemia-reperfusión

Myocardic
 ischemia
 induces
 cell
 death
 due
 to
 necrosis
 or
 apoptosis.
 Apoptosis
 requires
 energy
 (obtained
 from
 oxygen
 and
 ATP).
 Th
 Although
 proapoptotic
 genes
 are
 activated
 during
 ischemia
 
 the
 apoptotic
 programm
 does
 not
 take
 place
 until
 re‐perfusion
 (when
 oxygen
 
 is
 again
 available
 to
 synthesize
 ATP).
 Sphingosine
‐1‐phosphate
is
a
phospholipid
with
known
antiapoptotic
properties.
 Fingolimod
 is
 the
 only
 synthetic
 agonist
 known
 of
 spingosine‐1‐phosphate
 receptor
 (
 S1P‐R)
 aproved
 for
 use
 in
 patients
 (
 with
 
 multiple
 sclerosis).
 Our
 hypotheis
 is
 that
 activation
 of
 S‐1‐P
 R
 with
 Fingolimod
 during
 the
 period
 of
 ischemia
 of
 acute
 myocardic
 infartion
 
 decreases
 apoptosis,
 
 reduce
 the
 size
 
 and
 the
 process
 of
 remodeling
 of
 left
 ventricle
 in
 a
 porcine
 model
 of
 ischemia‐ reperfusion
 (
 I‐R).
 Thus,
 
 I‐R
 was
 induced
 in
 Yorkshire
 pigs
 
 by
 oclusión
 of
 coronary
 ateria
 in
 its
 proximal
 segment
 during
 60
 min.
 and
 treated
 or
 not
 with
 Fingolimod.
 Animals
 were
 evaluated
 by
 
 cardiac
 magnetic
 resonance
 (RM),
 ecocardiography
 3D,
 hemodynamic
 tecniques,
 histology
 and
 Western
 blot
 analysis.
 Pigs
 treated
 with
 Fingolimod
 after
 24
 hr
 showed
 lower
 apoptosis
 of
 the
 myocardium
 and
 activation
 of
 antiapototic
 proteins
 Tan
 control
 group.
 In
 a
 long
 term
 study
 Fingolimod
 reduced
 the
 size
 of
 infartion
 
 and
 improved
 sustolic
 function
 of
 left
 ventricle.
 In
 addition
 Fingolimod
 decreased
 cardiomyocites
 hypertrophy
 and
 activation
 of
 molecular
 parameters
 as
 Akt
 and
 ERK
 1/2.
 We
 conclude
that
early
activation
of
S1P‐R
by
Fingolimod
reduces
the
size
of
infartion
 improves
systolic
function
and
mitigates
adverse
cadiac
remodelling
.La isquemia miocárdica induce fenómenos de muerte celular por necrosis y apoptosis. La apoptosis es un proceso que requiere energía (dependiente de oxígeno y ATP), por lo que -aunque los genes proapoptóticos se activen durante la isquemia- el programa apoptótico no se lleva a cabo hasta la reperfusión (cuando el oxígeno está nuevamente disponible para sintetizar ATP). La esfingosina 1-fosfato es un fosfolípido presente en el cuerpo con propiedades antiapoptóticas ya demostradas. Fingolimod es el único agonista sintético del receptor de esfingosina 1-fosfato (S1P-R) que está aprobado para uso en pacientes (en concreto, para esclerosis múltiple). Nuestra hipótesis consiste en que la activación del receptor S1P-R mediante el tratamiento con Fingolimod durante el periodo isquémico del infarto agudo de miocardio disminuye la apoptosis, aumenta el miocardio preservado, reduce el tamaño de infarto y mitiga el remodelado del ventrículo izquierdo en un modelo porcino de isquemia-reperfusión (I-R)

Aerial video geo-registration using terrain models from dense and coherent stereo matching

In the context of aerial imagery, one of the first steps toward a coherent processing of the information contained in multiple images is geo-registration, which consists in assigning geographic 3D coordinates to the pixels of the image. This enables accurate alignment and geo-positioning of multiple images, detection of moving objects and fusion of data acquired from multiple sensors. To solve this problem there are different approaches that require, in addition to a precise characterization of the camera sensor, high resolution referenced images or terrain elevation models, which are usually not publicly available or out of date. Building upon the idea of developing technology that does not need a reference terrain elevation model, we propose a geo-registration technique that applies variational methods to obtain a dense and coherent surface elevation model that is used to replace the reference model. The surface elevation model is built by interpolation of scattered 3D points, which are obtained in a two-step process following a classical stereo pipeline: first, coherent disparity maps between image pairs of a video sequence are estimated and then image point correspondences are back-projected. The proposed variational method enforces continuity of the disparity map not only along epipolar lines (as done by previous geo-registration techniques) but also across them, in the full 2D image domain. In the experiments, aerial images from synthetic video sequences have been used to validate the proposed technique

On the Mahalanobis Distance Classification Criterion for Multidimensional Normal Distributions

Many existing engineering works model the statistical characteristics of the entities under study as normal distributions. These models are eventually used for decision making, requiring in practice the definition of the classification region corresponding to the desired confidence level. Surprisingly enough, however, a great amount of computer vision works using multidimensional normal models leave unspecified or fail to establish correct confidence regions due to misconceptions on the features of Gaussian functions or to wrong analogies with the unidimensional case. The resulting regions incur in deviations that can be unacceptable in high-dimensional models. Here we provide a comprehensive derivation of the optimal confidence regions for multivariate normal distributions of arbitrary dimensionality. To this end, firstly we derive the condition for region optimality of general continuous multidimensional distributions, and then we apply it to the widespread case of the normal probability density function. The obtained results are used to analyze the confidence error incurred by previous works related to vision research, showing that deviations caused by wrong regions may turn into unacceptable as dimensionality increases. To support the theoretical analysis, a quantitative example in the context of moving object detection by means of background modeling is given

Robust Image Registration with Global Intensity Transformation

This paper presents a registration method for images with global illumination variations. The method is based on a joint iterative optimization (geometric and photometric) of the L1 norm of the intensity error. Two strategies are compared to directly find the appropriate intensity transformation within each iteration: histogram specification and the solution obtained by analyzing the necessary optimality conditions. Such strategies reduce the search space of the joint optimization to that of the geometric transformation between the images

Real-time Surveillance Application by Multiple Detectors and Compressive Trackers

A real-time surveillance system for IP network cameras is presented. Motion, part-body, and whole-body detectors are efficiently combined to generate robust and fast detections, which feed multiple compressive trackers. The generated trajectories are then improved using a reidentification strategy for long term operation

Analytical and clinical evaluation of a new immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and adalimumab

Llinares-Tello, F.; Gomez De Salazar, JR.; Senabre Gallego, JM.; Santos Soler, G.; Santos Ramírez, C.; Salas Heredia, E.; Molina García, J. (2012). Analytical and clinical evaluation of a new immunoassay for therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and adalimumab. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine. 5(10):1845-1847. doi:10.1515/cclm-2012-00501845184751

APRIL: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, Phase Ib/IIa clinical study of ApTOLL for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke

In the reperfusion era, a new paradigm of treating patients with endovascular treatment (EVT) and neuroprotective drugs is emerging as a promising therapeutic option for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In this context, ApTOLL, a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist with proven neuroprotective effect in preclinical models of stroke and a very good pharmacokinetic and safety profile in healthy volunteers, is a promising first-in-class aptamer with the potential to address this huge unmet need. This protocol establishes the clinical trial procedures to conduct a Phase Ib/IIa clinical study (APRIL) to assess ApTOLL tolerability, safety, pharmacokinetics, and biological effect in patients with AIS who are eligible for EVT. This will be a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Phase Ib/IIa clinical study to evaluate the administration of ApTOLL together with EVT in patients with AIS. The study population will be composed of men and non-pregnant women with confirmed AIS with a <6h window from symptoms onset to ApTOLL/placebo administration. The trial is currently being conducted and is divided into two parts: Phase Ib and Phase IIa. In Phase Ib, 32 patients will be allocated to four dose ascending levels to select, based on safety criteria, the best two doses to be administered in the following Phase IIa in which 119 patients will be randomized to three arms of treatment (dose A, dose B, and placebo).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Profile and characteristics of the adequacy of blood transfusions in Trauma Intensive Care. A cross sectional multicenter study

IntroductionMajor trauma is one of the major health care problems facing modern society, trauma systems require careful planning to achieve an ideal level of coverage for the population. The Patient Blood Management Program is an integrated and global strategy to provide patient care that aims to assess and address, when possible, the etiology of blood abnormalities rather than transfuse without treating the underlying cause. We aimed to describe the factors that are associated with the clinical decision to transfuse polytraumatized patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).MethodWe performed a cross sectional multicenter study of patients admitted to ICUs for trauma in 14 Spanish hospitals from September 2020 to December 2021.ResultsA total of 69 patients were treated in the emergency room due to polytrauma, 46% of them were considered serious in the initial triage. Thirty were caused by a fall from considerable height (43.47%), followed by 39 patients admitted due to trac accidents (56.52%). The location of the trauma was mainly cranioencephalic, followed by thoracic trauma. Of the 69 patients, 25 received a blood transfusion during their ICU stay (36.23%).DiscussionNo significant differences were observed between transfused and non-transfused patients, except for the severity scales, where transfused patients have a higher score on all the scales assessed in the ICU except for the Revised Trauma Score. As we can see, the incidence of kidney failure was also different between the groups analyzed, reaching 44.00% in transfused patients and 13.64% in the group of patients without blood transfusion, p = 0.005. In this sense, 92.00% of the transfusions performed were inadequate according to the criteria of Hb in blood prior to the decision to transfuse (Hb &amp;lt; 9). Our data support the need to consider clinical practice guidelines regarding blood transfusion and its practices

The Obestatin/GPR39 System Is Up-regulated by Muscle Injury and Functions as an Autocrine Regenerative System

Background: Satellite cell activation is orchestrated by several signals, which induce their differentiation into skeletal muscle fibers. Results: Obestatin and the GPR39 receptor exert an autocrine role on the control of myogenesis. Conclusion: Our data indicate that obestatin/GPR39 is an injury-regulated signal that functions as a myogenic regenerative system. Significance: Strategies to enhance obestatin-mediated signaling could be useful in treating trauma-induced muscle injuries and skeletal muscle myopathies

II Jornadas de la Sociedad Española para la Conservación y Estudio de Los Mamíferos (SECEM) Soria 7-9 diciembre 1995

Seguimiento de una reintroducción de corzo (Capreolus capreolus) en ambiente mediterráneo. Dispersión y área de campeoModelos de distribución de los insectívoros ern la Península IbéricaDieta anual del zorro, Vulpes vulpes, en dos hábitats del Parque Nacional de DoñanaDesarrollo juvenil del cráneo en las poblaciones ibéricas de gato montés, Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777Presencia y expansión del visón americano (Mustela vison) en las provincias de Teruel y Castellón (Este de España).Preferencias de hábitat invernal de la musaraña común (Crocidura russula) en un encinar fragmentado de la submeseta norteUso de cámaras automáticas para la recogida de información faunística.Dieta del lobo en dos zonas de Asturias (España) que difieren en carga ganadera.Consumo de frutos y dispersión de semillas de serbal (Sorbus aucuparia L.) por zorros y martas en la cordillera Cantábrica occidentalEvaluación de espermatozoides obtenidos postmorten en el ciervo.Frecuencia de aparición de diferentes restos de conejo en excrementos de lince y zorroAtlas preliminar de los mamíferos de Soria (España)Censo y distribución de la marmota alpina (Marmota marmota) en Navarra.Trampeo fotográfico del género Martes en el Parque Nacional de Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici (Lleida)Peer reviewe