Comparative Antioxidant, Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Ilex laurina and Ilex paraguariensis on Colon Cancer Cells

Purpose: To determine and compare the antioxidant, antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of leaf infusions of Ilex laurina and Ilex paraguariensis in colon cancer cells.Methods: Antioxidant activity was determined by ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). Cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects were analyzed using MTT ((3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and sulfhorodamine-B respectively. Cell death and apoptosis of human colon adenocarcinoma cells SW480 and their metastatic-derived SW620 cells, were analyzed by flow cytometry using propidium iodide and Annexin-V.Results: Although their flavonoid levels were similar, I. laurina infusion contained 2.2 and 4.4 times higher amounts of total phenolic and caffeoyl derivatives, respectively, than I. paraguariensis. FRAP and ORAC values for I. laurina infusion were 1.6 and 2.0 more active than I. paraguariensis. Both plant infusions inhibited viability and cell growth of SW480 and SW620 cells. These results may be associated to cell cycle-arrest and apoptosis because of the comparable increase of hypodiploid and annexin-V positive colon cancer cells.Conclusion: These data highlight the antioxidant and promising anticancer activities of I. laurina and Ilex paraguariensis.Keywords: Ilex laurina, Ilex paraguariensis, Antioxidant, Antiproliferative, Apoptosis, Colon cance

Respuesta del tomate (Lycopersicon sculentum Mill) a la fertilización con N,P,K y varios elementos menores, en suelos aluviales del Valle del Cauca (Colombia).

Se evaluó el efecto de diferentes dosis y combinaciones de varios nutrimentos y de gallinaza, en el rendimiento y calidad de los frutos de tomate. La investigación se realizó en suelos aluviales de 3 municipios del Valle del Cauca, en sitios representativos de la zona cultivada con tomate. Se estudió el efecto de distintos niveles y combinaciones de: N, P, K, S, Fe, B y Zn y materia orgánica (gallinaza). Se emplearon las variedades Chonto y Manalucie. Los resultados obtenidos indican que aún sin aplicaciones de fertilizantes en lotes previamente cultivados y abonados, se pueden obtener altos rendimientos cuando se efectúan las diferentes prácticas culturales oportuna y adecuadamente. La fertilización afecta la producción y calidad de los frutos. Al aplicar 75-150 kg/ha de N, 50 kg/ha de P2O5 y 50 kg/ha de K2O, se incrementaron los rendimientos entre 30 y 180 por ciento, en comparación con el testigo. La aplicación por separado de 60 kg/ha de sulfato de hierro, 30 kg/ha de sulfato de zinc y 15 kg/ha de bórax, tuvieron un efecto significativo en la producción y la calidad de los frutos. La materia orgánica en dosis altas tuvo efectos negativos en los rendimientos y calidad de los frutos, presentándose un mayor porcentaje de frutos rajadosTomate-Solanum lycopersicu

Investigating potential inhibitory effect of Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's Claw) against the main protease 3CL pro of SARS-CoV-2 by molecular modeling

COVID-19 is a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Presently, there is no effective treatment for COVID-19. As part of the worldwide efforts to find efficient therapies and preventions, it has been reported the crystalline structure of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease M pro (also called 3CL pro) bound to a synthetic inhibitor, which represents a major druggable target. The druggability of M pro could be used for discovering drugs to treat COVID-19. A multilevel computational study was carried out to evaluate the potential antiviral properties of the components of the medicinal herb Uncaria tomentosa (Cat's claw), focusing on the inhibition of M pro. The in silico approach starts with protein-ligand docking of 26 Cat's claw key components, followed by ligand pathway calculations, molecular dynamics simulations, and MM-GBSA calculation of the free energy of binding for the best docked candidates. The structural bioinformatics approaches led to identification of three bioactive compounds of Uncaria tomentosa (speciophylline, cadambine, and proanthocyanidin B2) with potential therapeutic effects by strong interaction with 3CL pro. Additionally, in silico drug-likeness indices for these components were calculated and showed good predicted therapeutic profiles of these phytochemicals. Our findings suggest the potential effectiveness of Cat's claw as complementary and/or alternative medicine for COVID-19 treatment

Gut Microbiota Composition in Male Rat Models under Different Nutritional Status and Physical Activity and Its Association with Serum Leptin and Ghrelin Levels

Background: Several evidences indicate that gut microbiota is involved in the control of host energy metabolism. Objective: To evaluate the differences in the composition of gut microbiota in rat models under different nutritional status and physical activity and to identify their associations with serum leptin and ghrelin levels. Methods: In a case control study, forty male rats were randomly assigned to one of these four experimental groups: ABA group with food restriction and free access to exercise; control ABA group with food restriction and no access to exercise; exercise group with free access to exercise and feed ad libitum and ad libitum group without access to exercise and feed ad libitum. The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and real-time qPCR. Results: In restricted eaters, we have found a significant increase in the number of Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Prevotella and M. smithii and a significant decrease in the quantities of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, B. coccoides-E. rectale group, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium with respect to unrestricted eaters. Moreover, a significant increase in the number of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and B. coccoides-E. rectale group was observed in exercise group with respect to the rest of groups. We also found a significant positive correlation between the quantity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and serum leptin levels, and a significant and negative correlation among the number of Clostridium, Bacteroides and Prevotella and serum leptin levels in all experimental groups. Furthermore, serum ghrelin levels were negatively correlated with the quantity of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and B. coccoides-Eubacterium rectale group and positively correlated with the number of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Conclusions: Nutritional status and physical activity alter gut microbiota composition affecting the diversity and similarity. This study highlights the associations between gut microbiota and appetite-regulating hormones that may be important in terms of satiety and host metabolism

Membrane Computing as a Modelling Tool: Looking Back and Forward from Sevilla

This paper is a tribute to Prof. Mario de Jesús Pérez- Jiménez. An overview of modelling applications in membrane computing has been compiled, trying to narrate it from a historical perspective and including numerous bibliographical references. Since being exhaustive was obviously out of scope, this quick tour on almost two decades of applications is biased, paying special attention to the contributions in which Prof. Pérez-Jiménez and members of his research group were involved.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2017-89842-

A computational modeling for real ecosystems based on P systems

In this paper, a P systems based general framework for modeling ecosystems dynamics is presented. Particularly, ecosystems are specified by means of multienvironment P systems composed of a finite number of environments, each of them having an extended P system with active membranes. The semantics is of a probabilistic type and it is implemented by assigning each rule of the system a probabilistic constant which depends on the environment and the run time. As a case study, two real ecosystems are described: scavenger birds in the Catalan Pyrenees and the zebra mussel (Dreissena Polymorpha) in Ribarroja reservoir (Spain).Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación TIN2009–13192Junta de Andalucía P08–TIC-0420

Protection from inflammatory disease in insulin resistance: the role of mannan-binding lectin

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Data on clinical characteristics of a heart failure patients’ cohort with reduced ejection fraction and analysis of the circulating values of five different heart failure biomarkers; high sensitivity troponin T, galectin-3, C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen, soluble AXL and BNP

AbstractIn this article, the full description of a heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF_REF) cohort of 192 patients is provided. Tables with the baseline demographic, prior history, ECG parameters, echocardiographic parameters, laboratory values and pharmacological treatment of these patients are included. Also, the quartile values of the analyzed circulating biomarkers: high sensitivity Troponin T (hs-TnT), galectin-3 (Gal-3), C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (CICP), soluble AXL (sAXL) and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) are given. The main demographic and clinical features of the patients’ subgroups that have hs-TnT, Gal-3, CICP or BNP above the third quartile are described. Tables with Pearson correlation analysis of the HF_REF patients’ biomarker levels are included. And Pearson correlation analysis of the HF_REF patients’ hs-TnT, Gal-3, CICP levels with patients’ biochemical parameters, blood count and inflammation parameters are also described. These data are related to the research articles (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase is increased in patients with heart failure (M. Batlle, P. Recarte-Pelz, E. Roig, M.A. Castel, M. Cardona, M. Farrero, et al., 2014) [1] and Use of serum levels of high sensitivity troponin T, galectin-3 and C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen at long term follow-up in Heart Failure patients with reduced ejection fraction: comparison with soluble AXL and BNP (M. Batlle, B. Campos, M. Farrero, M. Cardona, B. González, M.A. Castel, et al., 2016) [2]

Spatial distribution of the potential risk for avocado wilting disease, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi in the subregion of Montes de Maria, Colombia

1 recurso en línea (páginas 273-285) : ilustraciones color.Avocado wilting or root rot, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, is the most limiting disease of avocado crops around the world. Montes de Maria (MM) is the main producer region of avocado in the Colombian Caribbean. Avocado producing areas in MM are decreasing in an inverse trend compared with the increasing hectarage world and nation-wide. Decreasing hectarage in MM is associated with phytosanitary problems, specifically the avocado wilting caused by P. cinnamomi. Climate is one of the main abiotic factors determining spatial distribution of species. For plant-pathogens, environmental conditions determine host-colonization. Under this scenario, the aim of this study was to estimate the spatial distribution of the avocado root-rot risk in the subregion of Montes de Maria, Colombia. This estimation was based on data for the presence of shoot dieback, a characteristic, easily identifiable symptom of root rot caused by P. cinnamomi. This symptom exhibits a high correlation with disease incidence and severity. A Maxent model was used to estimate the spatial distribution of the risk, showing a high statistical validation (test AUC>0.9). This model identified areas with a high risk for occurrence of branch dieback and, consequently, root rot. Areas with a higher risk of root rot were found at the higher altitudes, with lower temperatures in the coldest trimester (BIO11 ~22°C), and in the warmest one (BIO10 ~24°C), with higher rainfall during the dry season (BIO17 - BIO14).más limitante del cultivo a nivel mundial. Montes de María (MM) es la principal región productora de aguacate del Caribe Colombiano. El área de producción de aguacate en esta región, se encuentra en declive en contraposición a la tendencia mundial y nacional. Esta disminución en MM ha sido asociada a problemas sanitarios, específicamente al marchitamiento del aguacate ocasionado por P. cinnamomi. El clima es uno de los factores más importantes que determinan la distribución espacial de una especie y en el caso de los patógenos determina el nicho que facilita la colonización del hospedero. En este contexto, se tiene como propósito estimar la distribución espacial del riesgo de marchitamiento del aguacate en la subregión Montes de María. Esta estimación se realizó a partir de los datos de presencia del síntoma de marchitamiento de yemas, característico de la pudrición radicular por P. cinnamomi. Este síntoma exhibió una alta correlación con la incidencia y la severidad de la enfermedad evaluada por fincas. El modelo Maxent usado para estimar la distribución espacial de riesgo muestra una alta validación estadística (test AUC≥0,9). Este modelo ha permitido predecir las zonas donde el riesgo a pudrición radicular es más alto. Las características de las áreas con el mayor riesgo de pudrición radicular son aquellas localizadas a mayor altitud, con las temperaturas más bajas en el trimestre más frío (BIO11 ~22°C) y en el más caluroso (BIO10 ~24°C) y con la precipitación más alta durante la estación seca (BIO17 - BIO14).Bibliografía: páginas 284-28