2,338 research outputs found
Synthesis, In Silico Studies, Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activities of Quinoline‐Biphenyl Hybrids
This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Synthesis, In Silico Studies, Antiprotozoal and Cytotoxic Activities of Quinoline‐Biphenyl Hybrids, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201903835. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived VersionsThe synthesis, in silico studies, antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities of eleven quinoline‐biphenyl hybrids are described herein. The structure of the synthesized products was elucidated by a combination of spectrometric analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, and amastigotes forms both Leishmania (V) panamensis and Trypanosoma cruzi. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against human U‐937 macrophages. 8‐phenylquinoline (4 a) showed similar activity than meglumine antimoniate and 4‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)phenol (4 b) exhibited an activity similar to that of benznidazole. 8‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl) quinoline (4 k) showed the best activity against P. falciparum. Although these compounds were toxic for mammalian U‐937 cells, however they may still have potential to be considered as candidates for drug development because of their antiparasite activity. Molecular docking was used to determine the in silico inhibition of some of the designed compounds against PfLDH and cruzipain, two important pharmacological targets involved in antiparasitic diseases. All hybrids were docked to the three‐dimensional structures of PfLDH and T. cruzi cruzipain as enzymes using AutoDock Vina. Notably, the docking results showed that the most active compounds 4‐(quinolin‐8‐yl)phenol (4 b, CE50: 11.33 μg/mL for T. cruzi) and 8‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl) quinoline (4 k, CE50: 8.84 μg/mL for P. falciparum) exhibited the highest scoring pose (−7.5 and −7.7 kcal/mol, respectively). This result shows a good correlation between the predicted scores with the experimental data profile, suggesting that these ligands could act as competitive inhibitors of PfLDH or T. cruzi cruzipain enzymes, respectively. Finally, in silico ADME studies of the quinoline hybrids showed that these novel compounds have suitable drug‐like properties, making them potentially promising agents for antiprotozoal therapy
Síntesis de pironas con posible actividad leishmanicida
Las passifloricinas son pironas naturales con una alta actividad leishmanicida; de ellas se han preparado varios análogos estructurales con el fin de mejorar su perfil farmacológico, En este trabajo se describe la secuencia sintética conducente a otros derivados. Estos posteriormente serán evaluadas contra amastigotes de Leishmania panamensis
Aprendizagem organização: uma pesquisa empírica sobre o contexto de suporte à aprendizagem contínua
O presente artigo é uma contribuição à área de pesquisa empírica no âmbito de aprendizagem
organizacional, com base na revisão de literatura da área. Especificamente, analisa-se o
suporte do contexto organizacional voltado à aprendizagem contínua percebida pelos
funcionários de uma empresa privada de jornalismo em Brasília. O estudo tem como objetivo
analisar a percepção do suporte à aprendizagem contínua no trabalho desta empresa. Para
alcançar o objetivo, buscou-se seguir o caminho da conceituação e análise da aprendizagem
organizacional e não da empresa no qual o questionário foi aplicado. Primeiramente, fez-se
um levantamento teórico sobre os temas percepção, aprendizagem sobponto de vista
individual e organizacional e aprendizagem contínua e suporte à aprendizagem contínua. Na
pesquisa de campo quantitativa, fez-se a aplicação do questionário elaborado pela Drª Maria
Julia Pantoja (2004) em todos os funcionários da empresa. Assim sendo a diferenciação
demográfica foi feita apenas durante a análise dos resultados e considerações, não para
delimitar a amostra de pesquisa. Como principais resultados, foi observado que a confiança e
layout da empresa são percebidos como fatores que favorecem a aprendizagem
organizacional. Porém, o conhecimento da atividade e função dos colegas do grupo de
trabalho, assim como o incentivo a compartilhamento de experiência entre setores obtiveram
um baixo resultado. Juntamente com a teoria de base e análise qualitativa, o artigo agrega
valor empírico ao crescente tema de aprendizagem organizacional
Synthesis and in-vitro evaluation of s-allyl cysteine ester-caffeic acid amide hybrids as potential anticancer agents
We have synthesized a series of S-allyl cysteine ester-caffeic acid amide hybrids and evaluated them in order to determine their possible anticancer activity and selectivity in colorectal cancer, which is still one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. All compounds were tested against SW480 human colon adenocarcinoma cells and the non-malignant CHO-K1 cell line. Among the tested compounds, hybrids 6e, 9a, 9b, 9c and 9e exhibited the highest effect on viability (IC50 SW480-48h= 0.18, 0.12, 0.12, 0.11 and 0.12 mM, respectively) and selectivity (SI= 10.3, 1.5, >83.33, >90.91 and >83.33, respectively) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Besides, our results were even better as regards lead compounds (S-allyl cysteine and caffeic acid) and the standard drug (5-FU). Additionally, these five compounds induced mitochondrial depolarization that could be related with an apoptotic process. Moreover, hybrids 6e, 9a and 9e induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, and compound 9c in S- phase, which suggests that these hybrid compounds could have also a cytostatic effect in SW480 cell line. The SAR analysis showed that hydroxyl groups increased the activity, besides, there was not a clear relationship between the antitumor properties and the length of the alkyl chain. Since hybrid compounds were much more selective than the conventional drug (5-FU), this make them promising candidates for further studies against colorectal cancer
Synthesis, Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxic Activity of Triclosan-Chalcone, Triclosan-Chromone and Triclosan-Coumarin Hybrids
Twelve hybrids derived from triclosan were obtained via Williamson etherification of O-triclosan alkyl bromide plus chalcone and O-coumarin or O-chromone alkyl bromide plus triclosan, respectively. Structures of the products were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antileishmanial activity against L. (V) panamensis amastigotes. Cytotoxic activity was also evaluated against mammalian U-937 cells. Compounds 7–9 and 17, were active against Leishmania parasites (EC50 = 9.4; 10.2; 13.5 and 27.5 µg/mL, respectively) and showed no toxicity toward mammalian cells (>200 µg/mL). They are potential candidates for antileishmanial drug development. Compounds 25–27, were active and cytotoxic. Further studies using other cell types are needed in order to discriminate whether the toxicity shown by these compounds is against tumor or non-tumor cells. The results indicate that compounds containing small alkyl chains show better selectivity indices. Moreover, Michael acceptor moieties may modify both the leishmanicidal activity and cytotoxicity. Further studies are required to evaluate if the in vitro activity against Leishmania panamensis demonstrated here is also observed in vivo.The authors thank COLCIENCIAS (contract No. 0333-2013, code: 111556933423) and the Universidad de Antioquia (Estrategia de Sostenibilidad 2013–2014 and CIDEPRO) for financial support
Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of 3 and 7-Styrylcoumarins
A series of styrylcoumarins were obtained via Mizoroki-Heck reactions between 3-bromo-4-methyl7-(octyloxy)-2H-chromen-2-one
or 2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate and
functionalized styrenes. The structures of the products were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.
All compounds were evaluated against SW480 and CHO-K1 cell lines. A number of hybrids
showed good antiproliferative activity. Among the tested compounds, hybrids 6e, 10c and 10d,
exhibited the highest activity (IC50- SW480/48h = 6,92; 1,01 and 5,33 µM, respectively) and selectivity
(IS48h = >400; 67,8 and 7,2, respectively). In addition, these compounds were able to preserve their
activities over time. The results achieved by these hybrids were even better than the lead
compounds (coumarin and resveratrol) and the standard drug (5-FU). As regards structure-activity
relationship it seems that the location of the styryl group on the coumarin structure and the presence
of the hydroxyl group on the phenyl ring were determinant for the activity
Synthesis and leishmanicidal activity of cinnamic acid esters: structure–activity relationship
Several cinnamic acid esters were obtained via Fischer esterification of cinnamic acids derivatives with aliphatic alcohols. Structures of the products were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antileishmanial activity against L. (V) panamensis amastigotes and cytotoxic activity was evaluated against mammalian U-937 cells. The compounds 11, 15–17, and 23, were active against Leishmania parasite and although toxic for mammalian cells, they still are potential candidates for antileishmanial drug development. A SAR analysis indicates that first, while smaller alkyl chains lead to higher selectivity indices (10, 11 vs. 12–17); second, the degree of oxygenation is essential for activity, primarily in positions 3 and 4 (17 vs. 18–20 and 22); and third, hydroxyl groups increase both activity and cytotoxicity (14 vs. 23). On the other hand, the presence of a double bond in the side chain is crucial for cytotoxicity and leishmanicidal activity (12 vs. 21). However, further studies are required to optimize the structure of the promising molecules and to validate the in vitro activity against Leishmania demonstrated here with in vivo studies.The authors thank Dr. Javier Garcés for his help in this study. We acknowledge the support by the Universidad de Antioquia (Estrategia de Sostenibilidad 2013–2014 and CIDEPRO) and Colciencias (contract No. 357-2011)
Triclosan-caffeic acid hybrids: Synthesis, leishmanicidal, trypanocidal and cytotoxic activities
The synthesis, cytotoxicity, anti-leishmanial and anti-trypanosomal activities of twelve triclosan-caffeic
acid hybrids are described herein. The structure of the synthesized products was elucidated by a com-
bination of spectrometric analyses. The synthesized compounds were evaluated against amastigotes
forms of
L. (V) panamensis
, which is the most prevalent
Leishmania
species in Colombia, and against
Trypanosoma cruzi,
which is the pathogenic species to humans. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against hu-
man U-937 macrophages. Eight compounds were active against
L. (V) panamensis
(
18
e
23, 26
and
30
) and
eight of them against
T. cruzi
(
19
e
22
,
24
and
28
e
30
) with EC
50
values lower than 40
m
M. Compounds
19
e
22
,
24
and
28
e
30
showed higher activities than benznidazole (BNZ). Esters
19
and
21
were the most
active compounds for both
L. (V) panamensis
and
T. cruzi
with 3.82 and 11.65
m
M and 8.25 and 8.69
m
M,
respectively. Compounds
19
e
22
,
24
and
28
e
30
showed higher activities than benznidazole (BNZ). Most
of the compounds showed antiprotozoal activity and with exception of
18
,
26
and
28
, the remaining
compounds were toxic for mammalian cells, yet they have potential to be considered as candidates for
anti-trypanosomal and anti-leishmanial drug development. The activity is dependent on the length of
the alkyl linker with compound
19
, bearing a four-carbon alkyl chain, the most performing hybrid. In
general, hydroxyl groups increase both activity and cytotoxicity and the presence of the double bond in
the side chain is not decisive for cytotoxicity and anti-protozoal activity
Furanchalcone–biphenyl hybrids: synthesis, in silico studies, antitrypanosomal and cytotoxic activities
The synthesis, antitrypanosomal, and cytotoxic activities of 17 furanchalcone derivatives are described herein. The structure
of the synthesized products was elucidated by a combination of spectrometric analyses. The synthesized compounds were
evaluated against Trypanosoma cruzi, which is the pathogenic species to humans. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against human
U-937 macrophages. Eleven compounds were active against amastigotes of T. cruzi with EC50 values lower than 40 µM.
Hybrids 7b–7d and 8a–8g showed better activity than benznidazole. Structure activity relationship (SAR) showed that the
presence of electron withdrawing groups, such as nitro or fluorine, increased the activity and that the degree of oxygenation
is essential for activity. In addition, molecular docking was used to identify a possible protein target for the designed
compounds. A spearman correlation of 0.608 between the predicted scores and the experimental data profile the enzyme
cruzipain as a potential candidate. Finally, in silico ADMET studies of the arylfuranchalcones showed that these novel
compounds have suitable drug-like properties, making them potentially promising agents for antichagasic therapy
Raman spectroscopy of wurtzite and zinc-blende GaAs nanowires: polarization dependence, selection rules and strain effects
Polarization dependent Raman scattering experiments realized on single GaAs
nanowires with different percentages of zinc-blende and wurtzite structure are
presented. The selection rules for the special case of nanowires are found and
discussed. In the case of zinc-blende, the transversal optical mode E1(TO) at
267 cm-1 exhibits the highest intensity when the incident and analyzed
polarization are parallel to the nanowire axis. This is a consequence of the
nanowire geometry and dielectric mismatch with the environment, and in quite
good agreement with the Raman selection rules. We also find a consistent
splitting of 1 cm-1 of the E1(TO). The transversal optical mode related to the
wurtzite structure, E2H, is measured between 254 and 256 cm-1, depending on the
wurtzite content. The azymutal dependence of E2H indicates that the mode is
excited with the highest efficiency when the incident and analyzed polarization
are perpendicular to the nanowire axis, in agreement with the selection rules.
The presence of strain between wurtzite and zinc-blende is analyzed by the
relative shift of the E1(TO) and E2H modes. Finally, the influence of the
surface roughness in the intensity of the longitudinal optical mode on {110}
facets is presented.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures. to be published in Phys. Rev.
- …