Los beneficios de la rotación de puestos de trabajo. Aplicación del caso en una empresa.

La hipótesis que se trata de demostrar mediante la realización de este trabajo, es la puesta en marcha en CCV de esta sistemática, con el fin de señalar los beneficios que genera, tanto en los trabajadores como en la empresa. Los objetivos que se quieren demostrar son: - Aumento de la satisfacción personal de los trabajadores - Aumento de la motivación de los trabajadores - Depreciación de la tasa de absentismo - Disminución de LME en los trabajadores - Aumento de beneficios económicos para la empresa La metodología usada para evaluar la implantación de la rotación de puestos en la empresa CCV ha sido a través de varios cuestionarios entregados a los trabajadores midiendo su satisfacción y motivación dentro de la empresa, así como uno relacionado con las LME y por último, uno acerca de su opinión de la rotación de puestos de trabajo. También se ha llevado un control en Excel del absentismo laboral de la empresa, durante los tres meses que ha durado la rotación Este trabajo fin de grado ha sido estructurado en cinco capítulos distintos en los que se detallan los puntos importantes sobre la rotación de puestos a nivel teórico, bibliográfico y también a nivel aplicado. En el capítulo 1, encontramos la definición de rotación de puestos de trabajo, así como una revisión bibliográfica de los diferentes enfoques que han llevado a cabo diversos autores sobre la rotación de puestos. También, podremos ver cuáles son los beneficios que encontramos tras la implantación de la rotación de puestos, al igual que las consecuencias y costes de su establecimiento. Los pasos que tenemos que seguir para que la implantación de la rotación de puestos de trabajo sea un éxito, los encontramos en el capítulo 2, dividiéndose en 8 pasos diferentes a tener en cuenta a la hora de la puesta en marcha. En el capítulo 3, veremos cómo se implanta la rotación en una empresa cárnica (CCV), para demostrar como disminuyen las LME y aumenta la satisfacción y motivación de los trabajadores. Para llevar a cabo todo ello seguiremos los pasos del capítulo 2. En el capítulo 4 encontraremos los resultados que hemos podido extraer de dicha investigación. Y por último en el capítulo 5, podremos ver cuáles son las conclusiones a las que hemos llegado a lo largo de la realización de este trabajo, una vez que ya tenemos los resultados de la aplicación de la rotación de puestos de trabajo en una empresa, así como futuras líneas de investigacióGrado en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humano

Concurrencia de culpas en la responsabilidad patrimonial de la Administración Pública

En este trabajo se analiza una cuestión relacionada con la responsabilidad patrimonial de las Administraciones Públicas. Concretamente se estudian algunos de los factores que pueden afectar al nexo causal que debe existir entre el funcionamiento normal o anormal de la Administración y los daños causados para que ésta pueda ser condenarla al pago de la indemnización correspondiente. Las causas que pueden interferir el nexo causal son la fuerza mayor, la actuación de otra Administración Pública distinta a la reclamada, el comportamiento del propio perjudicado, o el comportamiento de un tercero. Este enfoque del trabajo, a través del estudio de cómo los Tribunales resuelven problemas que carecen de regulación, contribuye a mejorar mi formación jurídica, pues me permite valorar la importancia de la jurisprudencia en la solución de problemas jurídicos para los que no hay norma específica aplicable. La metodología seguida ha consistido en un estudio del régimen general de la Responsabilidad Patrimonial de las Administraciones Públicas, para después estudiar la doctrina existente sobre esta materia. Posteriormente, se seleccionaron sentencias que se ocupaban de esta materia teniendo en cuenta que fueran, en la medida de lo posible, de la Sala de lo contencioso-administrativo del Tribunal Supremo y lo más recientes posibles, para proceder a su análisis e intentar encontrar la solución que al problema estudiado suelen dar los Tribunales.<br /

Bienestar psicológico en estudiantes de enfermería en tiempos de pandemia

Psychological well-being is considered as the proper functioning of a person's abilities, which are acquired through the experiences lived in their environment and which result from the positive changes experienced during their childhood. The objective of this research was to determine the level of psychological well-being and its relationship with socio-demographic variables in students of the nursing program of a Public University of the city of Santa Marta. Using an analytical empirical approach, the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of one hundred and two (102) students, between the ages of 16 and 25 years. In the results, a percentage of 33.3% of low level and 42.2% in the medium level of psychological well-being was found, this data being predominant in the students, in the dimensions of well-being, 52% were in the self-acceptance, likewise the dimensions of positive relationships, mastery of the environment and personal growth were located, and autonomy was at a high level with 58.8%, however, 57.8% in life purpose was located at a high level under. Regarding the relationship, with Pearson's Chi-square statistic, a significance of 0.010 of psychological well-being with employment relationship was presented, there were no differences between gender, educational level, economic income, marital status, type of housing and age.El bienestar psicológico se considera como el buen funcionamiento de las habilidades de una persona, las cuales se adquieren por medio de las experiencias vividas en su entorno y que resultan de los cambios positivos experimentados durante su infancia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el nivel de bienestar psicológico y su relación con variables sociodemográficas en estudiantes del programa de enfermería de una Universidad Pública de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Mediante un enfoque empírico analítico, se aplicó la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff a una muestra no probabilística de ciento dos (102) estudiantes, entre las edades de 16 a 25 años.&nbsp; En los resultados se halló un porcentaje del 33,3% de nivel bajo y un 42,2% en el nivel medio de bienestar psicológico, siendo este dato predominante en los estudiantes, en las dimensiones de bienestar, el 52% se ubicó en la autoaceptación, así mismo se ubicaron las dimensiones de relaciones positivas, dominio del entorno y crecimiento personal y en un nivel alto la autonomía con un 58,8%, sin embargo, el 57,8 % en propósito en la vida, se ubicó en un nivel bajo. En cuanto a la relación, con el estadístico Chi cuadrado de Pearson se presentó una significancia de 0,010 de bienestar psicológico con la vinculación laboral, no hubo diferencias entre género, nivel de estudios, ingresos económicos, estado civil, tipo de vivienda y la edad

a research protocol for a mixed methods study

Funding Information: This work was supported by the European Union under the Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme under the grant agreement no 101057825. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2024 Valli et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Introduction Adverse events in health care affect 8% to 12% of patients admitted to hospitals in the European Union (EU), with surgical adverse events being the most common types reported. Aim SAFEST project aims to enhance perioperative care quality and patient safety by establishing and implementing widely supported evidence-based perioperative patient safety practices to reduce surgical adverse events. Methods We will conduct a mixed-methods hybrid type III implementation study supporting the development and adoption of evidence-based practices through a Quality Improvement Learning Collaborative (QILC) in co-creation with stakeholders. The project will be conducted in 10 hospitals and related healthcare facilities of 5 European countries. We will assess the level of adherence to the standardised practices, as well as surgical complications incidence, patient-reported outcomes, contextual factors influencing the implementation of the patient safety practices, and sustainability. The project will consist of six components: 1) Development of patient safety standardised practices in perioperative care; 2) Guided self-evaluation of the standardised practices; 3) Identification of priorities and actions plans; 4) Implementation of a QILC strategy; 5) Evaluation of the strategy effectiveness; 6) Patient empowerment for patient safety. Sustainability of the project will be ensured by systematic assessment of sustainability factors and business plans. Towards the end of the project, a call for participation will be launched to allow other hospitals to conduct the self-evaluation of the standardized practices. Discussion The SAFEST project will promote patient safety standardized practices in the continuum of care for adult patients undergoing surgery. This project will result in a broad implementation of evidence-based practices for perioperative care, spanning from the care provided before hospital admission to post-operative recovery at home or outpatient facilities. Different implementation challenges will be faced in the application of the evidence-based practices, which will be mitigated by developing context-specific implementation strategies. Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and will be available in an online platform.publishersversionpublishe

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Early rifting during marginal basin development: petrography, microstructure, and detrital zircon U‐Pb geochronology of the Lapataia Formation, Argentine Fuegian Andes

Although being one of the most efficient tools to constrain the stratigraphy ofsedimentary basins, detrital zircon geochronology may present limitations undercertain conditions, and isotopic ages should be treated with caution before assigninga depositional age. This is the case of depositional environments that lackcoeval volcanism, where there may exist a significant time gap between the age ofthe youngest detrital zircon available and the actual time of deposition of a sedimentaryrock. In this paper, we put on a comprehensive analysis in which detritalgeochronology is aided with other reliable geological constraints. As a case study,we evaluate the stratigraphic age and provenance of the Lapataia Formationfrom the Fuegian Andes of southernmost South America, a low-grademetamorphic unit with a problematic stratigraphic definition in the context of the RocasVerdes basin. Detrital ages show very wide age spectra, with a younger peak atca. 267 Ma. However, based on detailed petrography and microstructural observations,as well as stratigraphic correlations at a regional scale, we conclude thatthe Lapataia Formation represents the earliest stages of Jurassic rifting duringthe opening of the Rocas Verdes basin. Erosion from older basement blocks in anenvironment lacking coeval volcanic activity explains the occurrence of Paleozoicand older grains, and the lack of younger zircons. This work offers a multifacetedapproach, which may be essential to assist radiometric detrital geochronology atcertain stages during basin evolution.Fil: Cao, Sebastián José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; ArgentinaFil: Torres Carbonell, Pablo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Bordese, Sofía. La.Te.Andes S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Lovecchio, Juan P.. Yacimiento Petroliferos Fiscal S.a.; Argentin

Mutación novel en el Síndrome Sanfilippo B. Presentación de un caso

Introduction: Sanfilippo syndrome type B is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease. The frequent clinical manifestations include slightly coarse facial features, progressive neurodegeneration and mild somatic repercussion caused by mutations in the NAGLU gene, whose locus is 17q21.2.  The worldwide incidence is very low and only seven patients have been diagnosed in Cuba since 1985.Objective: To describe clinical, biochemical and molecular characteristics of a Cuban patient with the diagnosis of Sanfilippo Syndrome type B.Case presentation: A 13 years old patient was described.  The main clinical manifestations included mild coarse facie, synophrys, behavior disturbances, and progressive neurologic deterioration. Intermittent sleep disturbance and frequent upper respiratory infections were identified. Ulcerative colitis and intestinal polyp were demonstrated. Increased excretion of heparan sulfate and very low N-acetyl α-Dglucosaminidase activity were confirmed. In addition, the presence of mutation c.640dupC in NAGLU gene was identified.  The patient had homozygous genotype and both parents were heterozygous.Conclusions: Behavioral alterations, progressive neurological deterioration and respiratory infections predominated in the reported case.  Other findings such as ulcerative colitis and intestinal polyps were not previously described in this disease. The chromatographic and enzymatic studies were positive for Sanfilippo type B. This patient's genotype was found to be homozygous for a novel pathogenic allelic variant in the NAGLU gene. Mendelian segregation of the mutation in the family was demonstrated.Introducción: El Síndrome Sanfilippo B es un error innato en el metabolismo lisosomal, con herencia autosómica recesiva. Se caracteriza por facie ligeramente tosca, deterioro neurológico progresivo y poca repercusión somática, provocado por mutaciones en el gen NAGLU, cuyo locus es 17q21.2. La incidencia internacionalmente es muy baja y en Cuba solo se han diagnosticado siete pacientes desde 1985.Objetivo: Describir las manifestaciones clínicas, bioquímicas y moleculares de un paciente cubano diagnosticado con Síndrome Sanfilippo B.Presentación de Caso: Se describió un paciente de 13 años, cuyas principales manifestaciones clínicas fueron: facie ligeramente tosca, sinofris, alteraciones de conducta y deterioro neurológico progresivo. El trastorno del sueño fue ocasional y frecuente las infecciones respiratorias. Se demostró la presencia de colitis ulcerativa y pólipo intestinal. Se confirmó excreción aumentada de heparán sulfato y disminución de la actividad enzimática N-acetil αD-glucosaminidasa. Se identificó la mutación c.640dupC en el gen NAGLU en homocigosis en el paciente y ambos padres resultaron ser portadores.Conclusiones: Predominaron las alteraciones de conducta, deterioro neurológico progresivo e infecciones respiratorias en el caso reportado; siendo la colitis ulcerativa y el pólipo intestinal un hallazgo no descrito anteriormente para esta enfermedad. Los estudios cromatográficos y enzimáticos resultaron positivos para Sanfilippo B. El genotipo de este paciente resultó ser homocigótico para una nueva variante alélica patogénica en el gen NAGLU. Se demostró la segregación mendeliana de la mutación en la familia

Viroids, the simplest RNA replicons: How they manipulate their hosts for being propagated and how their hosts react for containing the infection

The discovery of viroids about 45 years ago heralded a revolution in Biology: small RNAs comprising around 350 nt were found to be able to replicate autonomously-and to incite diseases in certain plants-without encoding proteins, fundamental properties discriminating these infectious agents from viruses. The initial focus on the pathological effects usually accompanying infection by viroids soon shifted to their molecular features-they are circular molecules that fold upon themselves adopting compact secondary conformations-and then to how they manipulate their hosts to be propagated. Replication of viroids-in the nucleus or chloroplasts through a rolling-circle mechanism involving polymerization, cleavage and circularization of RNA strands-dealt three surprises: (i) certain RNA polymerases are redirected to accept RNA instead of their DNA templates, (ii) cleavage in chloroplastic viroids is not mediated by host enzymes but by hammerhead ribozymes, and (iii) circularization in nuclear viroids is catalyzed by a DNA ligase redirected to act upon RNA substrates. These enzymes (and ribozymes) are most probably assisted by host proteins, including transcription factors and RNA chaperones. Movement of viroids, first intracellularly and then to adjacent cells and distal plant parts, has turned out to be a tightly regulated process in which specific RNA structural motifs play a crucial role. More recently, the advent of RNA silencing has brought new views on how viroids may cause disease and on how their hosts react to contain the infection; additionally, viroid infection may be restricted by other mechanisms. Representing the lowest step on the biological size scale, viroids have also attracted considerable interest to get a tentative picture of the essential characteristics of the primitive replicons that populated the postulated RNA world.Peer reviewe

Field geology, petrology and geochronology of pluton-dyke systems, the Trapecio and Ushuaia Peninsula dyke swarms (Fuegian Andes): Emplacement conditions and relation with tectonics

We report the field geology, petrography, geochemistry and geochronology data for two dyke swarms in the Fuegian Andes, with the aim of correlating them with known suites and of improving the knowledge on the magmatism of the Late Cretaceous rear-arc and its relation with ductile deformation. We also provide keys for correlation based on amphibole K2O content. The Trapecio dyke swarm is mildly alkaline and ferriferous, with a zircon U-Pb age of 75 Ma; thus it belongs to the Fuegian Potassic Magmatism (78-68 Ma). The Ushuaia Peninsula dyke swarm, also known as Ushuaia Peninsula Andesites (UPA), was shown to be high-K calc-alkaline and magnesian. New radiometric ages gave 87-86 Ma. While the UPA dyke swarm exhibits foliation associated with ductile deformation, the Trapecio dyke swarm is post-kinematic and reveals emplacement controlled by the slaty cleavage in the metapelite host. Field and geophysical evidence suggest both swarms overlie small upper-crustal plutons, mostly buried. The variable composition of dykes suggests a protracted history of dyke injection, mostly fed from deeper reservoirs. Contact metamorphism around both pluton-dyke systems is very weak. By comparison with adjacent plutons we argue that the main variables controlling aureole development are small magma volumes and low injection rates.Fil: Gonzalez Guillot, Mauricio Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Torres Carbonell, Pablo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Cao, Sebastián José. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Lobo, Constanza. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Bordese, Sofía. La.Te. Andes S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Hollanda, María Helena B.M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasi