22 research outputs found
Evaluación fiable de las habilidades motrices básicas en la infancia. Proyecto ALFA-MOV
El desarrollo de las habilidades motrices básicas (HMB) es una fase crucial
del desarrollo integral infantil con influencia en la adquisición de un estilo de vida saludable. Sin embargo, la
evaluación de las HMB es una tarea pendiente. Esta tesis aporta resultados que podrÃan servir de base para
incrementar y mejorar esta evaluación. Se presenta una revisión sistemática sobre la fiabilidad del Test of Gross
Motor Development. Además, se aportan resultados novedosos de fiabilidad entre evaluadores de diferentes
perfiles, con varios métodos de evaluación, y tras el acuerdo de los evaluadores sobre los criterios de rendimiento
de las HMB previo a la evaluación. En base a estos hallazgos, se ha desarrollado Alfamov, aplicación que permite
una evaluación sencilla, fiable y sistematizada de las HMB en la infancia
Psychomotor development disorders in apparently healthy children and considerations of family evaluation
Difficulties that paediatricians find when evaluating psychomotor development at an early age result in the possibility that, at the school stage, seemingly healthy children can conceal development disorders, thereby complicating their detection, even within their own family environment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of developmental disorders in children without a prior diagnosis and the consistency between family perception and the real state of development. 187 pupils (51.3% boys) with an average age of 4.3 years (DT = 1.2) took part in the study. The real state of psychomotor development was evaluated using the Battelle-2 Inventory, while family perception was assessed using the Age and Stages Questionnaires. Results revealed an average prevalence of 10% for impaired developmental, while 13.3% displayed delayed motor development. Regarding family perception, families attributed the above-average performance to their children in all aspects. Therefore, the level of correlation between family perception and real development was light in all the dimensions analysed. The results of this study emphasize the excessive number of children with developmental disorders that have gone undetected, as well as the limitations of evaluation tools for parents when used for children with no apparent risk
The Visible Behaviour of Drowning Persons: A Pilot Observational Study Using Analytic Software and a Nominal Group Technique
Although drowning is a common phenomenon, the behaviour of drowning persons is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this behaviour. This was an observational study of drowning videos observed by 20 international experts in the field of water safety. For quantitative analysis, each video was analysed with Lince observation software by four participants. A Nominal Group Technique generated input for the qualitative analysis and the two principal investigators conducted a post-hoc analysis. A total of 87.5% of the 23 videos showed drowning in swimming pools, 50% of the drowned persons were male, and 58.3% were children or teenagers. Nineteen persons were rescued before unconsciousness and showed just the beginning of downing behaviour. Another five were rescued after unconsciousness, which allowed the observation of their drowning behaviour from the beginning to the end. Significant differences were found comparing both groups regarding the length of disappearances underwater, number, and length of resurfacing (resp. p = 0.003, 0.016, 0.005) and the interval from the beginning of the incident to the rescue (p = 0.004). All persons drowned within 2 min. The qualitative analysis showed previously suggested behaviour patterns (immediate disappearance n = 5, distress n = 6, instinctive drowning response n = 6, climbing ladder motion n = 3) but also a striking new pattern (backward water milling n = 19). This study confirms previous assumptions of drowning behaviour and provides novel evidence-based information about the large variety of visible behaviours of drowning persons. New behaviours, which mainly include high-frequency resurfacing during a struggle for less than 2 min and backward water milling, have been recognised in this study
a four-year follow-up study in portuguese children
Children?s motor competence (MC) was negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, possible chronic effects have not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the possible impact of the forced lack of physical activity (PA) during the COVID-19 lockdown on children?s MC two years later. The motor competence of sixty-seven healthy children (7.4?12.2 years old) was assessed using the Motor Competence Assessment (MCA). All participants completed the MCA tests at two different moments (before and after the COVID-19 lockdown), four years apart. The mean values after the COVID-19 lockdown for all participants on the subscales and on the Total MCA are lower, but no significant changes were found when controlling for gender and age (p > 0.05 in all analyses). However, a significant decrease was found in the Locomotor subscale in boys (p = 0.003). After dividing the participants into three age groups, the youngest also suffered a decrease in the Locomotor subscale (p < 0.001) and their Total MCA (p = 0.04). In addition, those
participants who had a higher MC at baseline decreased their scores for the Locomotor (p < 0.001) and Manipulative (p < 0.001) subscales, and for the Total MCA (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the younger children and the more motor proficient did not fully recover from the negative effects of the pandemic lockdown after two years.4811-99FE-2ECD | Luis Paulo RodriguesN/
Changes in healthy habits regarding physical activity and sedentary lifestyle during a national lockdown due to covid-19
El presente estudio analizó el efecto del confinamiento en España derivado de la COVID-19 en niveles de
actividad fÃsica diaria, ejercicio fÃsico y comportamientos sedentarios. Tras la declaración del estado de alarma, se difundió un
cuestionario por redes sociales con preguntas sociodemográficas, actividad fÃsica y comportamientos sedentarios.
Posteriormente, se envió por correo electrónico otro cuestionario en relación con la nueva situación de confinamiento.
Respondieron a ambos cuestionarios 474 participantes. Se registró un aumento del peso e Ãndice de masa corporal durante el
confinamiento (p < .001). Aumentó el número de dÃas en los que se realizaba ejercicio fÃsico en tiempo de ocio (p < .001),
pero no el tiempo de práctica semanal total. Se redujo el tiempo de actividad fÃsica durante actividades académicas y/o
profesionales y el tiempo destinado a desplazamientos (p < .001). Se registró un mayor tiempo de sueño, siestas y sedestación
(p < .01). El presente estudio evidencia la necesidad de crear estrategias eficaces encaminadas a aumentar la práctica de
actividad fÃsica y promover los hábitos de vida saludables, especialmente durante la actual crisis humanitaria y posibles futurasThe aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a lockdown in Spain due to COVID-19 on the levels of physical
activity, exercise and sedentary lifestyle. After declaring state of alarm in Spain, a questionnaire was distributed via social
networks with demographic questions, academic and/or employment status, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle.
Subsequently, another questionnaire was sent by email in relation to the new lockdown measures. 474 participants replied to
both questionnaires. An increase in weight and body mass index was recorded during lockdown (p <0.001). The number of
days in which physical activity was practiced during leisure time increased (p <0.001), but the total time of weekly practice
stayed the same. The time of physical activity during academic time and the time spent walking was reduced, as well as was the
time spent walking (p <0.001). Longer sleep, naps and sitting time was also recorded (p <0.01). The present study shows the
need to create effective strategies aimed to increase the practice of physical activity and promote a healthy lifestyle during the
current humanitarian crisis and possible future onesS
The Visible Behaviour of Drowning Persons: A Pilot Observational Study Using Analytic Software and a Nominal Group Technique
Although drowning is a common phenomenon, the behaviour of drowning persons is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis of this behaviour. This was an observational study of drowning videos observed by 20 international experts in the field of water safety. For quantitative analysis, each video was analysed with Lince observation software by four participants. A Nominal Group Technique generated input for the qualitative analysis and the two principal investigators conducted a post-hoc analysis. A total of 87.5% of the 23 videos showed drowning in swimming pools, 50% of the drowned persons were male, and 58.3% were children or teenagers. Nineteen persons were rescued before unconsciousness and showed just the beginning of downing behaviour. Another five were rescued after unconsciousness, which allowed the observation of their drowning behaviour from the beginning to the end. Significant differences were found comparing both groups regarding the length of disappearances underwater, number, and length of resurfacing (resp. p = 0.003, 0.016, 0.005) and the interval from the beginning of the incident to the rescue (p = 0.004). All persons drowned within 2 min. The qualitative analysis showed previously suggested behaviour patterns (immediate disappearance n = 5, distress n = 6, instinctive drowning response n = 6, climbing ladder motion n = 3) but also a striking new pattern (backward water milling n = 19). This study confirms previous assumptions of drowning behaviour and provides novel evidence-based information about the large variety of visible behaviours of drowning persons. New behaviours, which mainly include high-frequency resurfacing during a struggle for less than 2 min and backward water milling, have been recognised in this study
Motor competence and health-related physical fitness in schoolchildren
Objetivo: analizar las posibles asociaciones entre el grado de desarrollo de las habilidades motrices básicas y la condición
fÃsica relacionada con la salud en escolares de Educación Primaria. Métodos: en 21 escolares sanos (14 niñas) de 7-12 años se evaluó
la competencia motriz, mediante el Test of Gross Motor Development, que aporta las puntuaciones globales, de las habilidades locomotrices
y de control de objetos; y, también la condición fÃsica relacionada con la salud, con la baterÃa ALPHA-Fitness que incluye la
capacidad músculo-esquelética, composición corporal y capacidad motora. Resultados: las habilidades locomotrices se asociaron positivamente
con la capacidad músculo-esquelética (r=0.662; p<0.001) e inversamente con la capacidad motora (r=-0.587, p=0.005).
Además, la habilidad de la carrera se relacionó inversamente con el Ãndice de masa corporal (IMC) y la circunferencia de cintura (r=-
0.550, p=0.010; r=-0.510, p=0.018, respectivamente). En cuanto a las habilidades de control de objetos, se asociaron también de
manera inversa con la capacidad motora (r=-0.532, p=0.013) y, concretamente, la recepción con el IMC (r=-0.487, p<0.025). El
lanzamiento por encima de la cabeza se asoció positivamente con la capacidad músculo-esquelética (r=0.529, p=0.014). Conclusiones:
los hitos de competencia motriz de los escolares se asocian con sus parámetros antropométricos y con indicadores de la condición fÃsica
(capacidades músculo-esquelética y motora). Estos hechos apoyan la puesta en marcha de estrategias para evaluar y tratar de mejorar
la competencia motriz y la condición fÃsica de los/as escolares, desde las primeras etapas, de cara a incrementar sus habilidades fÃsicas
y su salud a largo plazoTo assess the possible associations between the development level of fundamental movement skills and health-related
physical fitness in primary schoolchildren. Methods: in 21 healthy schoolchildren (14 girls) aged 7-12 years, motor competence was
assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development, which provide motor competence score and also locomotor and object control
skills scores; and health- related physical fitness was evaluated using the ALPHA-Fitness test battery, which includes the assessment
of musculoskeletal fitness, body composition, and motor fitness. Results: locomotor skills were positively associated with musculoskeletal
fitness (r=0.662; p<0.001) and inversely associated with motor fitness (r=-0.587, p=0.005). In addition, run was inversely
related to body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (r=-0.550, p=0.010; r=-0.510, p=0.018, respectively). Regarding
object control skills, they were also inversely associated with motor fitness (r=-0.532, p=0.013) and, in particular, catch with BMI
(r=-0.487, p<0.025). The overhand throw was positively associated with musculoskeletal fitness (r=0.529, p=0.014).Conclusion:
motor competence milestones of schoolchildren are associated with their anthropometric measurements and physical fitness indicators
(musculoskeletal and motor fitness). These facts support the implementation of strategies to assess and try to improve the motor
competence and physical fitness of schoolchildren, from the earliest ages, in order to increase their physical skills and long-term healthS
Comparación de la calidad en la ventilación de socorristas nóveles y veteranos. Un estudio piloto de simulación.
Antecedentes: Los socorristas son fundamentales en la reanimación del ahogado en parada cardiorrespiratoria. En las vÃctimas ahogadas es prioritario
administrar oxigenación. Distintas técnicas de administración de ventilaciones se han investigado y hay controversia sobre la más efectiva.
Objetivos: comparar el efecto de la ventilación boca a boca (VBB), ventilación con bolsa y mascarilla (VBM) y ventilación con pocket-mask (VPM) sobre la
calidad de RCP entre socorristas recién certificados y socorristas profesionales en activo.
Método: 52 socorristas profesionales (14 recién certificados y 38 en activo sin formación en soporte vital básico (SVB) el último año). Cada socorrista
realizó 3 test aleatorizados de RCP en un maniquà Resusci Anne conectado a Wireless SkillReporter (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) variando la
técnica de ventilación: VBB, VBM y VPM. La RCP fue de 4 minutos de duración, por parejas, con un cambio de roles a los 2 minutos, y con el protocolo de
ahogados (iniciando por 5 ventilaciones). La calidad global de RCP fue calculada con la fórmula QCPR = (QCT + VVA)/2. Siendo QCT (calidad de posición de
manos + ritmo + reexpansión torácica + profundidad) /4 y VVA las ventilaciones administradas con volumen adecuado (500-600ml).
Resultados: Los participantes inexpertos recién certificados alcanzaron resultados mejores en todas las variables analizadas en comparación con los
profesionales en activo. Esto incluye la calidad global de la RCP con VBB (50.918.41% vs. 35.4912.06%, p=0.002) y VPM (49.094.74% vs. 34.979.69%,
p<0.001), asà como la mayorÃa de las variables de calidad de las ventilaciones con las 3 técnicas: VBB, VBM y VPM.
Conclusiones: Los socorristas inexpertos recién certificados realizan mejor RCP, incluyendo la ventilación, que los que no han recibido una formación
reciente. Es clave la actualización del SVB frecuente en socorristas
Performing simulated basic life support without seeing: blind vs. blindfolded people
Previous pilot experience has shown the ability of visually impaired and blind people (BP) to learn basic life support (BLS), but no studies have compared their abilities with blindfolded people (BFP) after participating in the same instructor-led, real-time feedback training. Twenty-nine BP and 30 BFP participated in this quasi-experimental trial. Training consisted of a 1 h theoretical and practical training session with an additional 30 min afterwards, led by nurses with prior experience in BLS training of various collectives. Quantitative quality of chest compressions (CC), AED use and BLS sequence were evaluated by means of a simulation scenario. BP’s median time to start CC was less than 35 s. Global and specific components of CC quality were similar between groups, except for compression rate (BFP: 123.4 + 15.2 vs. BP: 110.8 + 15.3 CC/min; p = 0.002). Mean compression depth was below the recommended target in both groups, and optimal CC depth was achieved by 27.6% of blind and 23.3% of blindfolded people (p = 0.288). Time to discharge was significantly longer in BFP than BP (86.0 + 24.9 vs. 66.0 + 27.0 s; p = 0.004). Thus, after an adapted and short training program, blind people were revealed to have abilities comparable to those of blindfolded people in learning and performing the BLS sequence and CCS
Intra-Rater (Live vs. Video Assessment) and Inter-Rater (Expert vs. Novice) Reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition
The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD) is one of the most common tools for assessing the fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children between 3 and 10 years. This study aimed to examine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the TGMD—3rd Edition (TGMD-3) between expert and novice raters using live and video assessment. Five raters [2 experts and 3 novices (one of them BSc in Physical Education and Sport Science)] assessed and scored the performance of the TGMD-3 of 25 healthy children [Female: 60%; mean (standard deviation) age 9.16 (1.31)]. Schoolchildren were attending at one public elementary school during the academic year 2019–2020 from Santiago de Compostela (Spain). Raters scored each children performance through two viewing moods (live and slow-motion). The ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) was used to determine the agreement between raters. Our results showed moderate-to-excellent intra-rater reliability for overall score and locomotor and ball skills subscales; moderate-to-good inter-rater reliability for overall and ball skills; and poor-to-good for locomotor subscale. Higher intra-rater reliability was achieved by the expert raters and novice rater with physical education background compared to novice raters. However, the inter-rater reliability was more variable in all the raters regardless of their experience or background. No significant differences in reliability were found when comparing live and video assessments. For clinical practice, it would be recommended that raters reach an agreement before the assessment to avoid subjective interpretations that might distort the results