Eds. by Pamela Stewart and Andrew Strathern. 2022. The Palgrave Handbook of Anthropological Ritual Studies

Review of: Eds. by Pamela J. Stewart, and Andrew J. Strathern. 2022. The Palgrave Handbook of Anthropological Ritual Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, 395 pp, ISBN 978-3-030-76824-

Reflections on viruses, death, life and human-nature relationship in Candomblé

A causa de la preocupación por la posibilidad de cremación de cuerpos por el incremento del número de muertes por Covid-19, algunas asociaciones de religiones afrobrasileñas han reclamado el derecho de entierro de los miembros del Candomblé. Los rituales funerarios facilitan el paso de los muertos al mundo espiritual y su reintegración en la sociedad como antepasados, y devuelven a la tierra la materia con la que se formó la persona. Esta preocupación por la muerte es, por lo tanto, una preocupación por la vida y la naturaleza, reafirmando el principio de interconexión entre todos los seres y de circularidad de la existencia.Concerned about the possibility of cremation of bodies because of the increase in the number of deaths by Covid-19, some associations of Afro-Brazilian religions have claimed the right to burial of Candomblé members. Funeral rituals facilitate the passage of the dead to the spiritual world and his or her reintegration into society as an ancestor, and returns the matter with which the the person was formed to the earth. This concern for death is, therefore, a concern for life and nature and reaffirms the principle of interconnection among all beings and of circularity of existence

A novel qualitative prospective methodology to assess human error during accident sequences

Numerous theoretical models and techniques to assess human error were developed since the 60's. Most of these models were developed for the nuclear, military, and aviation sectors. These methods have the following weaknesses that limit their use in industry: the lack of analysis of underlying causal cognitive mechanisms, need of retrospective data for implementation, strong dependence on expert judgment, focus on a particular type of error, and/or analysis of operator behaviour and decision-making without considering the role of the system in such decisions. The purpose of the present research is to develop a qualitative prospective methodology that does not depend exclusively on retrospective information, that does not require expert judgment for implementation and that allows predicting potential sequences of accidents before they occur. It has been proposed for new (or existent) small and medium- scale facilities, whose processes are simple. To the best of our knowledge, a methodology that meets these requirements has not been reported in literature thus far. The methodology proposed in this study was applied to the methanol storage area of a biodiesel facility. It could predict potential sequences of accidents, through the analysis of information provided by different system devices and the study of the possible deviations of operators in decision-making. It also enabled the identification of the shortcomings in the human-machine interface and proposed an optimization of the current configuration.Fil: Calvo Olivares, Romina Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingenieria. Instituto de Capacitación Especial y Desarrollo de Ingeniería Asistida por Computadora; ArgentinaFil: Rivera, Selva Soledad. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingenieria. Instituto de Capacitación Especial y Desarrollo de Ingeniería Asistida por Computadora; ArgentinaFil: Núñez Mc Leod, Jorge Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ingenieria. Instituto de Capacitación Especial y Desarrollo de Ingeniería Asistida por Computadora; Argentin

Operators with Polynomial Coefficients and Generalized Gelfand-Shilov Classes

2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 35S05, 35J60; Secondary 35A20, 35B08, 35B40.We study the problem of the global regularity for linear partial differential operators with polynomial coefficients. In particular for multi-quasi-elliptic operators we prove global regularity in generalized Gelfand-Shilov classes. We also provide counterexamples of globally regular operators which are not multi-quasi-elliptic

towards the integration of the microvertex detector in the panda experiment

The PANDA experiment will make use of cooled antiproton beams of unprecedented quality that will be available at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt. It includes the Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) as innermost detector of the traking system, specially able to detect secondary vertices of short-live particles. Due to the forward boost the MVD layout is asymmetric with four barrels surrounding the interaction point and six disks in the forward direction. The innermost layers are composed of hybrid epitaxial silicon pixels and the outermost ones of double-sided silicon strips, with 10.3 x 106 pixels and 162 x 103 strip channels. PANDA features a triggerless architecture, therefore the MVD has to run with a continous data transmission at a high interaction rate (107 interaction/s) where hits have precise timestamps (the experiment clock is 160 MHz). In addition the energy loss of particles in the sensor should be measured. To cope with these requirements custom readout chips are under development for both pixel ans strip devices. The powering and cooling are challenging since the MVD volume is limited by the surrounding detectors and the routing is only foreseen in the backward direction. Support structures are made of carbon fibers and high thermally conductive carbon foam with embedded cooling pipes beneath the readout chips is integrated. The design of the MVD is an advanced stage and its technological aspects will be reported

Dimensionamiento de transformadores de distribución con base al efecto de los armónicos

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión bibliográfica acerca de la distorsión armónica, uno de los problemas que más afecta las redes de distribución de energía eléctrica, ya que altera los ciclos de vida de los elementos pertenecientes al sistema y perturba su buen funcionamiento. Las señales armónicas son múltiplos integrales de la frecuencia fundamental de una onda sinusoidal, generadas por cargas no lineales, estas se suman a la onda fundamental de 60-, lo que provoca distorsiones en la onda. Por tal motivo se llevó a cabo un estudio sobre las fuentes generadoras de armónicos y sus efectos en diferentes cargas eléctricas presentes comúnmente en instalaciones residenciales y comerciales. En específico se estudió el comportamiento de los transformadores pertenecientes a las redes de distribución, bajo el efecto de los armónicos y su respectivo dimensionamiento para prevenir los daños causados por la distorsión. Se finalizó con el estudio del dimensionamiento del transformador en presencia de armónicos, referenciándolo al modo de construcción utilizado por ABB Transformadores, definiendo las características de diseño y los materiales indicados en su construcción, con el fin de reducir los efectos causados por estas perturbaciones para mantener el rango de vida útil predefinida y así disminuir los daños ocasionados dentro del a red

Microenvironmental influence on microtumour infiltration patterns: 3D-mathematical modelling supported by: In vitro studies

Mathematical modelling approaches have become increasingly abundant in cancer research. Tumour infiltration extent and its spatial organization depend both on the tumour type and stage and on the bio-physicochemical characteristics of the microenvironment. This sets a complex scenario that often requires a multidisciplinary and individually adjusted approach. The ultimate goal of this work is to present an experimental/numerical combined method for the development of a three-dimensional mathematical model with the ability to reproduce the growth and infiltration patterns of a given avascular microtumour in response to different microenvironmental conditions. The model is based on a diffusion-convection reaction equation that considers logistic proliferation, volumetric growth, a rim of proliferative cells at the tumour surface, and invasion with diffusive and convective components. The parameter values of the model were fitted to experimental results while radial velocity and diffusion coefficients were made spatially variable in a case-specific way through the introduction of a shape function and a diffusion-limited-aggregation (DLA)-derived fractal matrix, respectively, according to the infiltration pattern observed. The in vitro model consists of multicellular tumour spheroids (MTSs) of an epithelial mammary tumour cell line (LM3) immersed in a collagen I gel matrix with a standard culture medium ("naive" matrix) or a conditioned medium from adipocytes or preadipocytes ("conditioned" matrix). It was experimentally determined that both adipocyte and preadipocyte conditioned media had the ability to change the MTS infiltration pattern from collective and laminar to an individual and atomized one. Numerical simulations were able to adequately reproduce qualitatively and quantitatively both kinds of infiltration patterns, which were determined by area quantification, analysis of fractal dimensions and lacunarity, and Bland-Altman analysis. These results suggest that the combined approach presented here could be established as a new framework with interesting potential applications at both the basic and clinical levels in the oncology area.Fil: Luján, Emmanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Simulación Computacional para Aplicaciones Tecnológicas; ArgentinaFil: Soto, Daniela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Rosito, María Sol. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Soba, Alejandro. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; ArgentinaFil: Guerra, Liliana Noemi. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Calvo, Juan Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica; ArgentinaFil: Marshall, Guillermo Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; ArgentinaFil: Suárez, Cecilia Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; Argentin

From Reactivation to Crisis: Argentine Industry during the Cycle of Kirchnerist Governments

l presente trabajo analiza las transformaciones registradas en el desempeño de la industria manufacturera argentina en el período 2003-2015, poniendo el énfasis en las causas de la fase de contracción sectorial que se advierte a partir de 2012. El supuesto es que la interrupción del crecimiento industrial, en el marco de la deno minada “restricción externa”, obedeció a un extenso período de subinversión en el ámbito manufacturero. En tal sentido, los hallazgos de esta investigación ponen en evidencia el reducido nivel de inversión de las grandes empresas industriales. Un aspecto novedoso, dada la ausencia de evidencias empíricas que permitan analizar la inversión sectorial en el sistema estadístico argentinosencia de evidencias empíricas que permitan analizar la inversión sectorial en el sistema estadístico argentin

Optimized search strategy for detecting scientifically strong studies on treatment through PubMed

Our study was designed to optimize the search strategies based on the work of Haynes et al. for detecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) through PubMed. In particular, we aimed to improve precision for broad and narrow searches on interventional studies. We used in addition to the string suggested by the Hedge Team the following: {NOT ((animals [mh] NOT humans [mh]) OR (review [pt] OR meta-analysis [pt]))} and tested its effectiveness. The search was carried out on a year's worth of articles from the PubMed database. We analyzed 35,590 bibliographic citations about four relevant major topics in internal medicine (hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, and hepatitis). Precision, percentage gain between the Hedge Team search strategies and the new one were computed and reported in the text. Moreover, a pooled analysis was carried out in terms of absolute precision difference. We observed better precision for both broad and narrow searches. However, effective gain resulted only for broad searches. In this case, bibliographic citation recall effectively reduced (-24 to -35 % retrieved citation with a gain of 32-54 %) without loss of information. The search strategy improved broad searches regarding each of the four considered topics. We think this new search strategy, based on a previous work of the Hedge team, could be a step forward and can save some time by researchers

Integration of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics to Reveal the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Rhodium Nanoparticles-Based Photodynamic Cancer Therapy

Rhodium nanoparticles have recently been described as promising photosensitizers due to their low toxicity in the absence of near-infrared irradiation, but their high cytotoxicity when irradiated. Irradiation is usually carried out with a laser source, which allows the treatment to be localized in a specific area, thus avoiding undesirable side effects on healthy tissues. In this study, a multi-omics approach based on the combination of microarray-based transcriptomics and mass spectrometry-based untargeted and targeted metabolomics has provided a global picture of the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumoral effect of rhodium nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy. The results have shown the ability of these nanoparticles to promote apoptosis by suppressing or promoting anti- and pro-apoptotic factors, respectively, and by affecting the energy machinery of tumor cells, mainly blocking the β-oxidation, which is reflected in the accumulation of free fatty acids and in the decrease in ATP, ADP and NAD+ levels.Depto. de Química AnalíticaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovaciónpu