ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Qualidade ambiental, distribuição e densidade do mesozooplâncton do estuário de Guajará-Miri, Vigia de Nazaré, NE do Estado do Pará

CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorCom o objetivo de caracterizar a área do estuário de Guajará-Miri (Vigia Pará), quanto à sua qualidade ambiental e de dispersão do zooplâncton, foi amostrada em quatro pontos na região situada entre a sua Foz e o limite da extensão máxima da penetração da cunha salina rio acima, as amostragens foram realizadas em um barco adaptado para os trabalhos. Sendo bimestralmente, com início em nov/04 e término em novlOS. Tendo-se no total 6 campanhas, incluindo assim os meses de março (período chuvoso) e setembro (período seco) de 2005. Os dados de qualidade da água foram medidos através da sonda multiparâmetros "Datasound 4a". Realizados estudos de abundância, dominância e diversidade do zooplâncton, sendo estes parâmetros relacionados aos dados de qualidade de água. O grupo zooplanctônico mais diverso encontrado nas amostras analisadas foi o dos Copepoda, destacandose Pseudodíatomus rich a rd, Pseudodíatomus marsh, Pseudodíatomus grací/ís, Acarlía plumosa, Acarlía tonsa, Qithona gessneri, Notodiaptomus paraensi e Notodiaptomus amazonicus, tendo densidades variando de 2,6 a 129,24 org/m3. Destacaram-se também as larvas de Crustacea (Brachyura), principalmente em mar/OS, onde foram muito abundantes, chegando a apresentar 860,86 org/m3. Ficando evidenciado um período de maior desova para estas larvas. Além destes, também ocorreram Cladoceros, larvas de Bivalves, Gastrópodes, Cirripedia, Hidromedusas e Isópodes. De uma forma geral a composição das espécies nas áreas estudas foram semelhantes, apresentando alterações sazonais de dominância de espécies. A diversidade específica no estuário foi relativamente baixa, em decorrência do pequeno número de espécies encontradas, a análise de agrupamentos dos organismos revelou grupos fortemente definidos, e pequenos subgrupos correlacionados entre si. Foi verificada uma grande quantidade de larvas de peixes e de crustáceos, o que caracteriza o estuário como uma área berçário, de importância fundamental para o desenvolvimento da vida marinha, estuarina e de água doce na região de Vigia de Nazaré

First occurrence of Dolicholagus longirostris larvae (Maul 1948) (Osmeriformes, Bathylagidae) near the mouth of the Amazon River

The family Bathylagidae contains eight genera and 22 species, of which only five occur in the Southwest Atlantic. Until recently, only adult specimens of the bathylaginin Melanolagus bericoides had been recorded off southern Brazil, between the Santa Marta Cape and Rio Grande (31° S and 49° W). The present work reports the first occurrence of Dolicholagus longirostris larvae on the northern Brazilian coast, expanding its distribution in the Southwest Atlantic. The two specimens found were collected near the mouth of the Amazon River (02° 00' 19" N, 47° 03' 30" W, and 00° 49' 06" N, 46° 25' 09" W)

A conversão do sertão capelas e a governamentalidade nas Minas Gerais The conversion of the hinterland chapels and governamentalidade in the Minas Gerais

O artigo trata da instituição das capelas no território das Minas Gerais, considerando a sua significação política e a sua relação com o enquadramento social da população. Procura-se avaliar essa prática de poder, desde a fundação pelos patronos coloniais até o reconhecimento eclesiástico e régio. Observando-se os laços políticos na segunda metade do século XVIII, verifica-se ainda que as capelas, mecanismos de poder senhorial e de normalização dos súditos, tinham um papel fundamental na governamentalidade do Estado, especialmente nas fronteiras.<br>This paper is concerned with the establishment of chapels in Minas Gerais, taking into account its political meaning and its relationship with the social fitting of the population. Power practices are evaluated, since foundations of the chapels by colonial sponsors to their ecclesiastical and royal admissions. Considering political bonds on the second half of the eighteen century, one verifies that chapels - a way of power of owners and subject regulation - had a fundamental role in the government, mainly at frontiers

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora