Estimation de la surface foliaire du cépage Syrah avec des modèles empiriques

Aiming to obtain empirical models for the estimation of Syrah leaf area a set of 210 fruiting shoots was randomly collected during the 2013 growing season in an adult experimental vineyard, located in Lisbon, Portugal. Samples of 30 fruiting shoots were taken periodically from the stage of inflorescences visible to veraison (7 sampling dates). At the lab, from each shoot, primary and lateral leaves were separated and numbered according to node insertion. For each leaf, the length of the central and lateral veins was recorded and then the leaf area was measured by a leaf area meter. For single leaf area estimation the best statistical models uses as explanatory variable the sum of the lengths of the two lateral leaf veins. For the estimation of leaf area per shoot it was followed the approach of Lopes & Pinto (2005), based on 3 explanatory variables: number of primary leaves and area of the largest and smallest leaves. The best statistical model for estimation of primary leaf area per shoot uses a calculated variable obtained from the average of the largest and smallest primary leaf area multiplied by the number of primary leaves. For lateral leaf area estimation another model using the same type of calculated variable is also presented. All models explain a very high proportion of variability in leaf area. Our results confirm the already reported strong importance of the three measured variables (number of leaves and area of the largest and smallest leaf) as predictors of the shoot leaf area. The proposed models can be used to accurately predict Syrah primary and secondary leaf area per shoot in any phase of the growing cycle. They are inexpensive, practical, non-destructive methods which do not require specialized staff or expensive equipment

Análise de Perfis de Temperatura do solo com Recurso a Séries de Fourier

A temperatura do solo influencia fortemente o desenvolvimento e o crescimento vegetais. A sua variação diária e anual é periódica, associada principalmente às variações da irradiância solar. O perfil térmico de um solo Barro Castanho-avermelhado (Tapada da Ajuda – Lisboa) foi medido a 6 profundidades (2 a 32 cm), e analisado para quatro dias-tipo e para um ciclo anual através de séries de Fourier (análise harmónica). A variação sinusoidal simples (1ª harmónica), com períodos de aquecimento/arrefecimento iguais (12 horas), não explica satisfatoriamente o curso diário da temperatura a cada profundidade. Ao invés, a sobreposição das duas primeiras harmónicas melhora significativamente a descrição da onda térmica diária nos casos estudados (por exemplo, explica mais de 98% da variância total até 8 cm de profundidade). Assim, a equação de amplitude para as duas primeiras harmónicas permite representar significativamente a variação térmica diária às várias profundidades. Por outro lado, a simulação da variação anual da temperatura a partir da primeira harmónica representa mais de 90% da variação total para qualquer das profundidades estudadas e não é significativamente melhorada por qualquer harmónica de ordem superior. Discute-se ainda a influência da heterogeneidade do perfil do solo no amortecimento da onda térmic

Les effets ambiantaux de l’accueil de la Capitale Européenne de la Culture 2012 et la perception de la communauté locale

This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the perceptions of the environmental impacts of the 2012 European Capital of Culture (ECOC) on the hosting community of Guimarães, a World Heritage Site. Data was obtained through a self-administered survey of 510 residents in the Guimarães municipality at the end of 2011. The primary results indicate that the residents acknowledged that hosting the event brought benefits to the city, but it also had negative impacts. The impacts perceived by residents were classified as socio-cultural, economic and environmental. The negative environmental impacts were the most pronounced.Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la evaluación de las percepciones de los impactos medioambientales del evento 2012 Capital Europea de Cultura (ECOC) en la comunidad de Guimarães, Patrimonio de la Humanidad. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de una encuesta autoadministrada de un total de 510 residentes en el municipio de Guimarães, a finales de 2011. Los resultados primarios indican que los residentes reconocieron que el acontecimiento aportó beneficios a la ciudad, pero también impactos negativos. Los impactos percibidos por los residentes fueron clasificados como socioculturales, económicos y medioambientales. De todos ellos, los impactos medioambientales negativos fueron los que más repercutieron en el municipio.Cet article parle de la Capitale Européenne de la Culture-2012 (CEC) et tente déterminer ses impacts à partir de la perception de la communauté de residents. C’est la première fois que ce type d’analyse a été réalisé au Portugal, en ayant comme objet d’étude les habitants de la CEC et visant aussi un Patrimoine de l’Humanité. Les données empiriques ont été obtenues à partir d’une enquête faite à 510 habitants de la région de Guimarães, à la fin de 2011. Les principaux résultats révèlent que les habitants reconnaissent que l’accueil de cet événement a apporté des bénéfices à la ville, tout en admettant néanmoins quelques aspects moins positifs. Entre les impacts analysés, on peut ressortir les effets ambiantaux comme ceux qui ont marqués plus positivement les habitants. Cette constatation provient de l’analyse d’une série d’indicateurs à partir de laquelle a été effectuée trois différents niveaux d’impacts: socioculturels, économiques et ambiantaux

Capital Europeia da Juventude 2012 – Impactes percecionados por participantes e residentes

A Capital Europeia da Juventude é um título anual concedido a uma cidade europeia visando o fortalecimento da relação entre os municípios e as instituições europeias, dando especial atenção à participação da juventude. No presente texto são apresentados os resultados dos impactes percecionados por participantes e residentes da Braga Capital Europeia da Juventude 2012, através da técnica do questionário complementado com a realização de um focus group, aplicados, respetivamente aos participantes em cinco eventos (n=512) e aos residentes (n=7). Os resultados da inquirição aos participantes nos eventos e as impressões dos cidadãos participantes no focus group organizado revelam que a opinião mantida sobre a CEJ2012 foi positiva, essencialmente porque permitiu o envolvimento e o trabalho em conjunto de pessoas de diferentes gerações

Impactes percebidos da Capital Europeia da Juventude 2012

This paper examines the economic and sociocultural impacts perceived by participants and residents of the hosting of the European Youth Capital 2012 (EYC 2012) by Braga, Portugal. During the EYC 2012, a survey was applied to 512 individuals, complemented by the implementation of a focus group. Several statistical procedures, including principal components analysis, were carried out in order to identify the impacts of the event. From the results obtained, we could conclude that the hosting of the EYC did not attract a large amount of visitors to the city. The younger respondents, predominant in the sample, tended to keep a more positive assessment of the impacts of the EYC 2012, as well as women when compared to men.O presente artigo analisa os impactes económicos e socioculturais percebidos pelos participantes e residentes em Braga da realização da Braga Capital Europeia da Juventude 2012 (EYC 2012). Durante a EYC 2012, um inquérito foi aplicado a 512 indivíduos, complementado pela realização de um grupo focal. Vários procedimentos estatísticos, incluindo a análise de componentes principais, foram realizados com o objetivo de identificar os impactes percebidos do evento. A partir dos resultados obtidos, podemos concluir que a realização da EYC 2012 não atraiu uma significativa quantidade de visitantes à cidade de Braga. Os inquiridos mais jovens, predominantes na amostra, revelaram uma avaliação mais positiva dos impactes da EYC 2012, bem como as mulheres, quando comparadas com os homens.Project Lab2PT - Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory - AUR/04509 and from FCTMEC through national funds and when applicable the FERDER co-financing, under the new partnership agreementCompete 2020; Portugal 2020, Feder; FC

Modeling the spread of germination of four Mediterranean crops at different temperatures

Minimizing the dispersion of germination across time allows greater uniformity during crop development. The aim of this paper was to model the spread of germination, under non-limiting water conditions and as a function of temperature, of four Mediterranean crops: pea (Pisum sativum L.), broad bean (Vicia faba L.), corn (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum vulgare L.). Experiments were performed using a thermogradient plate. Four temperature ranges suitable for the thermal responses of each crop were used. Dispersion was expressed as standard deviation (σ) of the frequency distribution of thermal times in the population, modeled by a probit regression and by differences between both accumulated temperatures above the base temperature (0.8–0.2) or chronological times (t0.8-t0.2) required to reach 0.2 and 0.8 of final germination. Estimates of σ were obtained both within thermal ranges defined by applying the plateau-shaped model to the rate vs. temperature relationship and at single temperatures. The differences (0.8–0.2) and (t0.8-t0.2) were evaluated for each temperature. Reference values were successfully assigned to the germination dispersion of each crop, either to the different thermal ranges used or to single temperatures. Furthermore, a thermal range ensuring minimum values of dispersion was obtained for each crop using a polynomial equation to model the variation of t0.8-t0.2 on the set of temperatures used. The dimension of this thermal range was larger for winter than for summer crops. Crop competitiveness depends on the indicators used to assess dispersion. The results allow farmers to choose between different crops and thus optimize germination

Mechanical pruning and soil organic amending in two terroirs. Effects on wine chemical composition and sensory profile

The knowledge about the interaction between mechanical pruning and soil organic amending is still scarce. This study aimed to examine the effects of the interaction between these two practices on wine quality. Syrah grapes from two trial fields in Portugal subjected to two different pruning systems (mechanical pruning; hand spur pruning) and five different organic amendment treatments (control, biochar, municipal solid waste compost, cattle manure, and sewage sludge) were harvested and vinified for four years. Mechanical pruning significantly reduced wine alcoholic strength, pH, and total anthocyanins. Mechanical pruning and organic amendments, tendentially reduced wine total phenols and tannin power, known as an “estimation of the astringency potential of the wines”. Tasters found low but significant differences in global appreciation with the pruning system. Sludge tended to reduce wine global appreciation more than municipal solid waste compost and cattle manure, while biochar had no effect on tasters’ preference when compared to the control. There was strong relation between yield and tasters’ preference only above 6 kg/vine and 8 kg/vine depending on the terroir. Mechanical pruning tendentially has significant effects on wine quality when yield raises above a certain level. Thus, with this pruning system, the choice of the organic amendment and its amount must be done considering the destiny of the produced grapes. To the best of our knowledge, effects of the interaction of mechanical pruning with soil organic amending on wine quality are a noveltyinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

EAIR 41st Annual Forum in Leiden, The Netherlands 25 till 28 August 2019

Trabalho apresentado em EAIR 41st Annual Forum, 25-28 agosto 2019, Leiden, Países Baixos.Polytechnic Institutes in Portugal: research on the impact of twelve institutes on the local economy Higher Education Institutions are recognized as important actors in regional development. The Portuguese higher education system comprises both Universities and Polytechnic Institutes, which face an increasing pressure to demonstrate that their presence has an impact on the surrounding communities contributing to their economic development. This paper presents the estimation of the economic impact of twelve Polytechnic Institutes, located in quite diverse regions, based on a shared model so that comparisons have a collective framework of analysis. The main results obtained show that the economic impact ranged from 1.8% to 10.6% of the local GDP and that these Institutes are major local employers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio