43 research outputs found
Palaeoproterozoic orogenic gold style mineralization at the Southwestern Archaean Tanzanian cratonic margin, Lupa Goldfield, SW Tanzania: Implications from UâPb titanite geochronology
The Lupa Goldfield, situated at the southwestern Tanzanian cratonic margin, comprises a network of auriferous quartz veins and greenschist facies mylonitic shear zones cutting a suite of ArchaeanâPalaeoproterozoic graniticâgabbroic intrusions. The existing geochronological database points to a protracted, but episodic 1.96â1.88 Ga magmatic history that is broadly coincident with the 2.1â1.8 Ga Ubendian Orogeny. Molybdenite, pyrite and chalcopyrite samples from mineralized quartz veins and mylonitic shear zones yield ReâOs model ages that range from 1.95 to 1.88 Ga, whereas ca. 1.88 Ga pyrite with gold bearing inclusions and sampled from the host mylonitic shear zone suggest that gold occurred relatively late in this hydrothermal history. The ca. 1.88 Ga gold event is recorded at all five of the studied prospects, whereas the relationship between gold and the disparately older 1.95 and 1.94 Ga ReâOs molybdenite ages is unclear. New UâPb metamorphic titanite dating of a foliated Archaean granite sample (ca. 2.76 Ga) suggests that the onset of ductile deformation within the Lupa Goldfield occurred at ca. 1.92 Ga, and some ca. 40 Myr prior to auriferous and brittleâductile mylonitic shear zones at ca. 1.88 Ga. Early ductile deformation is not associated with gold mineralization, but the ductile deformation fabrics and, in particular the development of rheologically weak chloritic folia, may have acted as zones of pre-existing weakness that localized strain and influenced the geometry of later auriferous mylonitic shear zones. The large age difference between UâPb zircon and titanite ages for the Archaean granite sample is in contrast to new UâPb titanite ages for the Saza Granodiorite (1930 ± 3 Ma), which are only slightly outside of analytical uncertainty at the 2Ï level with a previously reported UâPb zircon age for the same sample (1935 ± 1 Ma). These new age results, together with previously reported UâPb and ReâOs ages, highlight the protracted magmatic, hydrothermal and structural evolution of the Lupa Goldfield (1.96â1.88 Ga). They are also consistent with other palaeo-convergent margins where orogenic gold style mineralization occurs relatively late in the orogen's tectono-thermal history
Model study on the photoassociation of a pair of trapped atoms into an ultralong-range molecule
Using the method of quantum-defect theory, we calculate the ultralong-range
molecular vibrational states near the dissociation threshold of a diatomic
molecular potential which asymptotically varies as . The properties of
these states are of considerable interest as they can be formed by
photoassociation (PA) of two ground state atoms. The Franck-Condon overlap
integrals between the harmonically trapped atom-pair states and the
ultralong-range molecular vibrational states are estimated and compared with
their values for a pair of untrapped free atoms in the low-energy scattering
state. We find that the binding between a pair of ground-state atoms by a
harmonic trap has significant effect on the Franck-Condon integrals and thus
can be used to influence PA. Trap-induced binding between two ground-state
atoms may facilitate coherent PA dynamics between the two atoms and the
photoassociated diatomic molecule.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A (September, 2003
Supermassive Black Hole Binaries: The Search Continues
Gravitationally bound supermassive black hole binaries (SBHBs) are thought to
be a natural product of galactic mergers and growth of the large scale
structure in the universe. They however remain observationally elusive, thus
raising a question about characteristic observational signatures associated
with these systems. In this conference proceeding I discuss current theoretical
understanding and latest advances and prospects in observational searches for
SBHBs.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of 2014 Sant Cugat
Forum on Astrophysics. Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings, ed.
C.Sopuerta (Berlin: Springer-Verlag
Active Galactic Nuclei at the Crossroads of Astrophysics
Over the last five decades, AGN studies have produced a number of spectacular
examples of synergies and multifaceted approaches in astrophysics. The field of
AGN research now spans the entire spectral range and covers more than twelve
orders of magnitude in the spatial and temporal domains. The next generation of
astrophysical facilities will open up new possibilities for AGN studies,
especially in the areas of high-resolution and high-fidelity imaging and
spectroscopy of nuclear regions in the X-ray, optical, and radio bands. These
studies will address in detail a number of critical issues in AGN research such
as processes in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes, physical
conditions of broad-line and narrow-line regions, formation and evolution of
accretion disks and relativistic outflows, and the connection between nuclear
activity and galaxy evolution.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures; review contribution; "Exploring the Cosmic
Frontier: Astrophysical Instruments for the 21st Century", ESO Astrophysical
Symposia Serie
Light Yield in DarkSide-10: a Prototype Two-phase Liquid Argon TPC for Dark Matter Searches
As part of the DarkSide program of direct dark matter searches using liquid
argon TPCs, a prototype detector with an active volume containing 10 kg of
liquid argon, DarkSide-10, was built and operated underground in the Gran Sasso
National Laboratory in Italy. A critically important parameter for such devices
is the scintillation light yield, as photon statistics limits the rejection of
electron-recoil backgrounds by pulse shape discrimination. We have measured the
light yield of DarkSide-10 using the readily-identifiable full-absorption peaks
from gamma ray sources combined with single-photoelectron calibrations using
low-occupancy laser pulses. For gamma lines of energies in the range 122-1275
keV, we get consistent light yields averaging 8.887+-0.003(stat)+-0.444(sys)
p.e./keVee. With additional purification, the light yield measured at 511 keV
increased to 9.142+-0.006(stat) p.e./keVee.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Astroparticle
Physic
Mochras borehole revisited: a new global standard for Early Jurassic earth history
The Early Jurassic epoch was a time of extreme environmental
change: there are well-documented examples of rapid
transitions from cold, or even glacial, climates to super
greenhouse events, the latter characterized worldwide by
hugely enhanced organic carbon burial, multiple large isotopic
anomalies, global sea-level change, and mass extinction
(Price, 1999; Hesselbo et al., 2000; Jenkyns, 2010; Korte
and Hesselbo, 2011). These icehouseâgreenhouse events
not only reflect changes in the global climate system but are
also thought to have had significant influence on the evolution
of Jurassic marine biota (e.g. van de Schootbrugge et
al., 2005; Fraguas et al., 2012). Furthermore, the events may
serve as analogues for present-day and future environmental
transitions
An X-Ray + Radio Search for Massive Black Holes in Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxies
Nearby blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxies are arguably our best local
analogues of galaxies in the earlier Universe that may host relics of black
hole (BH) seeds. Here we present high-resolution Chandra X-ray Observatory and
Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations of five nearby BCDs with
stellar masses of less than the Small Magellanic Cloud ( ). We search for signatures of accreting massive BHs at
X-ray and radio wavelengths, which are more sensitive to lower BH accretion
rates than optical searches. We detect a total of 10 hard X-ray sources and 10
compact radio sources at luminosities consistent with star-formation-related
emission. We find one case of a spatially-coincident X-ray and radio source
within the astrometric uncertainties. If the X-ray and radio emission are
indeed coming from the same source, the origin of the radiation is plausibly
from an active massive BH with log .
However, given that the X-ray and radio emission are also coincident with a
young star cluster complex, we consider the combination of an X-ray binary and
a supernova remnant (or \HII\ region) a viable alternative explanation.
Overall, we do not find compelling evidence for active massive BHs in our
target BCDs, which on average have stellar masses more than an order of
magnitude lower than previous samples of dwarf galaxies found to host massive
BHs. Our results suggest that moderately accreting massive BHs in BCDs are not
so common as to permit unambiguous detection in a small sample.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
A single administration of microbial D-alanine to healthy volunteers augments reaction to negative emotions: a comparison with D-serine
Health and self-regulatio