ESTUDO EM LABORATÓRIO DE ALTERAÇÃO DE BASALTO: ENSAIOS DE CICLAGEM ÁGUA - ESTUFA: Basalt alteration laboratory study: wetting-drying test

Among the numerous applications that rock materials have in engineering is their use as a coarse and fine aggregate in the most different types of infrastructure works, in this context, knowledge of the changing characteristics of rock materials is essential for prevention and maintenance for anyone who be your applications. This work presents the results obtained in a laboratory study with a view to evaluating the alteration of two samples of aggregates of compact massive basalt (BMC) and vesicular basalt (BVA), in the 9.5 to 6.3 mm particle size range, by means of dry-wet cycling tests with evaluation of the degree of alteration based on physical index tests (apparent specific gravity, apparent porosity and absorption water) and the crushing strength test. The results of the physical indices showed values for apparent specific gravity (BMC: 2.85 g/cm³ - BVA: 2.61 g/cm³), apparent porosity (BMC: 7.51 - BVA: 9.59%) and absorbed water ( BMC: 2.67- BVA: 3.59%) which indicate low predisposition to alteration. The crushing strength index for the two lithotypes after the dry-wet cycling tests is in the order of 0.73. According to the results obtained, the aggregates of the two lithotypes present adequate characteristics for their use as aggregates in engineering works.Dentre as inúmeras aplicações dos materiais rochosos na engenharia, está seu uso como agregado graúdo e miúdo nos mais diferentes tipos de obras de infraestrutura. Nesse contexto, o conhecimento das características de alteração dos materiais rochosos é essencial para prevenção e manutenção para quaisquer que sejam suas aplicações. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados obtidos em estudo laboratorial com vista à avaliação da alteração de duas amostras de agregados de basalto maciço compacto (BMC) e basalto vesicular (BVA), na faixa granulométrica de 9,5 a 6,3 mm, por meio de ensaios de ciclagem acelerada do tipo água-estufa com avaliação do grau de alteração a partir dos ensaios de índices físicos (densidade aparente, porosidade aparente e água de absorção) e do ensaio de resistência ao esmagamento. Os resultados dos índices físicos apresentaram valores para densidade aparente (BMC: 2,85 g/cm³ - BVA: 2,61 g/cm³), porosidade aparente (BMC: 7,51 - BVA: 9,59%) e água absorvida (BMC: 2,67- BVA: 3,59%) que indicam baixa predisposição à alteração. O índice de resistência ao esmagamento para os dois litotipos após o ensaio de ciclagem água-estufa é da ordem de 0,73. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, os agregados dos dois litotipos apresentam características adequadas para seu uso como agregados em obras de engenharia

Os impactos da reforma trabalhista: horas extras, intervalares, “In Itinere” e acordos de prorrogação e compensação de jornada/ The impacts of labor reform: extra hours, intervals, "In Itinere" and extension agreements and day offering

O presente trabalho destina-se a analisar os impactos de tais reformas, especialmente no que tange aos princípios do Direito do Trabalho, recorrendo para tanto a uma pesquisa jurisprudencial, com base no processo fornecido à turma, a Reclamação Trabalhista nº 00000148-47.2018.5.08.0136 (BRASIL, 2019). A pesquisa utiliza revisão bibliográfica pata discorrer sobre os princípios que serão abordados neste trabalho. No primeiro, preceitua-se que, na dúvida quanto à interpretação de uma norma, deverá adotar-se aquela que for mais benéfica ao empregado. Atrelado a este subprincípio, está o princípio da inalterabilidade contratual lesiva, que proíbe o empregador de proceder a mudanças contratuais que reduzam os direitos dos empregados ou lhes causem algum dano, podendo apenas beneficiá-los. Como conclusão, identificou-se que a reforma trabalhista, no que tange às horas extras, intervalares, in itinere e acordos de prorrogação e compensação de jornada tiveram impacto negativo no que tange aos princípios da proteção, irrenunciabilidade dos direitos, inalterabilidade contratual lesiva e continuidade da relação de emprego. e por isso a avaliação final apresenta a reforma trabalhista como prejudicial para o trabalhador, representando um inegável retrocesso no Direito do Trabalho

Distiller’s dried grains with solubles (Zea mays L.) in feeding sheep on nitrogen balance

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with 0.0, 8.0, 16.0, and 24.0% distiller’s dried grain solubles (DDGS) on nitrogen (N) intake, fecal and urinary N excretion, and N absorption and retention (N balance, NB) by feeding sheep. Four sheep of unidentified race were used, with an average body weight of 23.5 ± 1.5 kg, and housed in metabolism cages. We used a 4 × 4 Latin square design for the experimental design, and each experimental period lasted for 20 days. Data on N intake (NI), fecal N, urinary N, absorbed N, and NB were expressed in g day-1; percentage of NI and grams per kilogram of metabolic weight g (kg0.75)-1 were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis at 5% probability. Inclusion of the different concentrations of DDGS in sheep diets had no effect on NI (mean of 15.11 g animal-1 day-1), nor on fecal and urinary N excretion (mean of 5.16 and 0.16 g animal-1 day-1, respectively). Moreover, DDGS supplementation did not alter NB or N absorption (mean of 9.79 and 9.95 g animal-1 day-1, respectively). Thus, it can be concluded that inclusion of up to 24% of DDGS in feed does not affect NI, fecal and urinary N excretion, and NB in sheep

Genomics and epidemiology for gastric adenocarcinomas (GE4GAC): a Brazilian initiative to study gastric cancer

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide with high incidences in Asia, Central, and South American countries. This patchy distribution means that GC studies are neglected by large research centers from developed countries. The need for further understanding of this complex disease, including the local importance of epidemiological factors and the rich ancestral admixture found in Brazil, stimulated the implementation of the GE4GAC project. GE4GAC aims to embrace epidemiological, clinical, molecular and microbiological data from Brazilian controls and patients with malignant and pre-malignant gastric disease. In this letter, we summarize the main goals of the project, including subject and sample accrual and current findings

Vaccine breakthrough hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs

Life-threatening `breakthrough' cases of critical COVID-19 are attributed to poor or waning antibody response to the SARS- CoV-2 vaccine in individuals already at risk. Pre-existing autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs underlie at least 15% of critical COVID-19 pneumonia cases in unvaccinated individuals; however, their contribution to hypoxemic breakthrough cases in vaccinated people remains unknown. Here, we studied a cohort of 48 individuals ( age 20-86 years) who received 2 doses of an mRNA vaccine and developed a breakthrough infection with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia 2 weeks to 4 months later. Antibody levels to the vaccine, neutralization of the virus, and auto- Abs to type I IFNs were measured in the plasma. Forty-two individuals had no known deficiency of B cell immunity and a normal antibody response to the vaccine. Among them, ten (24%) had auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs (aged 43-86 years). Eight of these ten patients had auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-a2 and IFN-., while two neutralized IFN-omega only. No patient neutralized IFN-ss. Seven neutralized 10 ng/mL of type I IFNs, and three 100 pg/mL only. Seven patients neutralized SARS-CoV-2 D614G and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) efficiently, while one patient neutralized Delta slightly less efficiently. Two of the three patients neutralizing only 100 pg/mL of type I IFNs neutralized both D61G and Delta less efficiently. Despite two mRNA vaccine inoculations and the presence of circulating antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2, auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs may underlie a significant proportion of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia cases, highlighting the importance of this particularly vulnerable population

On the mechanisms governing gas penetration into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection

A new 1D radial fluid code, IMAGINE, is used to simulate the penetration of gas into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection (MGI). The main result is that the gas is in general strongly braked as it reaches the plasma, due to mechanisms related to charge exchange and (to a smaller extent) recombination. As a result, only a fraction of the gas penetrates into the plasma. Also, a shock wave is created in the gas which propagates away from the plasma, braking and compressing the incoming gas. Simulation results are quantitatively consistent, at least in terms of orders of magnitude, with experimental data for a D 2 MGI into a JET Ohmic plasma. Simulations of MGI into the background plasma surrounding a runaway electron beam show that if the background electron density is too high, the gas may not penetrate, suggesting a possible explanation for the recent results of Reux et al in JET (2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 093013)