Estandarización de diseño geométrico a través del análisis de estándares de otros países de Sudamérica para actualizar el Manual de Carreteras - Diseño Geométrico DG 2018

El presente estudio busca establecer los estándares de diseño geométrico de otros países de Sudamérica adecuados para actualizar el manual de carreteras – Diseño Geométrico DG 2018, identificando y comparando el vehículo de diseño, sobreancho en curvas y tiempo de percepción reacción respecto a la distancia de visibilidad de parada en las normas de Perú, Bolivia, ecuador, Colombia y chile Por lo cual se realizó la búsqueda de las normas de diseño geométrico de carreteras internacionales y nacional, se elaboraron fichas técnicas en cuanto al vehículo de diseño, sobreancho en curvas y tiempo de percepción reacción respecto a la distancia de visibilidad de parada, realizando de esta manera cuadros comparativos de las distintas normas de los otros países de Sudamérica y la norma de diseño geométrico del Perú. Seguidamente se realizó el análisis de los cuadros comparativos con el fin de lograr el sustento, con el cual se realizó la propuesta de actualización. Además, una de las conclusiones es que la propuesta de estandarización de diseño geométrico de otros países de Sudamérica adecuada para la actualización del Manual de Carreteras - Diseño Geométrico DG 2018 establece condiciones para la elección del vehículo de diseño contenido en 2.2.3.1. del manual de Bolivia, referente al sobreancho en curvas se propone como referencia de estandarización al sobreancho en curvas según tipo de vehículo contenido en 2.2.3.2. del manual de Bolivia y respecto al tiempo de percepción reacción referente a la distancia de visibilidad de parada se propone mantener el tiempo de 2.5 segundos y que solo se mantengan los cuadros que usen tiempo de 2.5 segundos respecto al tiempo de percepción reacción referente a la distancia de visibilidad de parada, así como lo hacen las normas de Ecuador y Colombia, nos referimos a que la gráfica que se muestra de la Figura 3, debe ser retirada del manual DG 2018 para evitar la ambigüedad. Siendo la propuesta de estandarización de diseño geométrico de otros países de Sudamérica adecuada para la actualización del Manual de Carreteras - Diseño Geométrico DG 2018, permite validar la hipótesis planteada.This study pursues to establish the geometric design standards of other South American countries suitable for updating the Highway Manual - Geometric Design DG 2018, identifying and comparing the design vehicle, curve over width and reaction perception time with respect to stopping sight distance in the standards of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, and Chile. Therefore, a search of the geometric design standards of international and national highways was carried out, and technical data sheets were prepared regarding the design vehicle, curve over width and reaction perception time with respect to stopping visibility distance, thus making comparative tables of the different standards of the other South American countries and the geometric design standard of Peru. Afterwards, the comparative tables were analyzed to achieve the support, with which the updating proposal was made. In addition, one of the conclusions is that the geometric design standardization proposal of other South American countries suitable for the update of the Highway Manual-Geometric Design DG 2018 establishes conditions for the choice of the design vehicle contained in 2.2.3.1. of the Bolivian manual, regarding the over-width in curves, it is proposed as a standardization reference to the over-width in curves according to the type of vehicle contained in 2.2.3.2. of the Bolivian manual and regarding the reaction perception time referring to the stopping visibility distance, it is proposed to maintain the time of 2.5 seconds and only maintain the tables that use time of 2.5 seconds regarding the reaction perception time referring to the stopping visibility distance, as well as the standards of Ecuador and Colombia, we refer that the graph shown in Figure 3, should be removed from the DG 2018 manual to avoid ambiguity. Being the geometric design standardization proposal of other South American countries suitable for the update of the Highway Manual-Geometric Design DG 2018, it allows validating the hypothesis raised.Tesi

Caracterización histopatológica de un modelo de neumonía tóxica por inoculación de 3-metil indol en borregos y ratas

UANLhttp://www.uanl.mx

On the radial linear stability of nonrelativistic ℓ\ell-boson stars

We study the linear stability of nonrelativistic $\ell$-boson stars, describing static, spherically symmetric configurations of the Schr\"odinger-Poisson system with multiple wave functions having the same value of the angular momentum $\ell$. In this work we restrict our analysis to time-dependent perturbations of the radial profiles of the $2\ell+1$ wave functions, keeping their angular dependency fixed. Based on a combination of analytic and numerical methods, we find that for each $\ell$, the ground state is linearly stable, whereas the $n$'th excited states possess $2n$ unstable (exponentially in time growing) modes. Our results also indicate that all excited states correspond to saddle points of the conserved energy functional of the theory.Comment: 21+1 pages, 7 figures, 5 table

BANQUETES, HAMBRUNAS Y LIBERTAD EN LA CUBA DEL SIGLO XIX

Políticas e historia

The Cuban Sources of the Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana of Vicente Salvá

[Resumen] El filólogo y editor valenciano Vicente Salvá elaboró una edición mejorada del diccionario académico de 1843, la cual publicó bajo el título de Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana (1846). Salvá corrigió el diccionario de la RAE, pero a la vez le incorporó una muestra de voces regionales provenientes de Hispanoamérica. Salvá seleccionó numerosos cubanismos a partir de dos diccionarios elaborados en la isla, pero también se apoyó en otras fuentes escritas y orales. Este artículo se enfoca en esas fuentes y la selección de voces hecha por Salvá.[Abstract] Valencian philologist and editor Vicente Salvá made an improved edition of the 1843 academic dictionary, which he published under the title of Nuevo diccionario de la lengua castellana (1846). Salvá edited the RAE dictionary, and at the same time incorporated a sample of regional voices from Spanish America. Salvá selected many Cubanisms from two dictionaries compiled on the island, but also included information from other written and oral sources. This article focuses on those Cuban sources and several voices selected by Salvá

Are nonrelativistic ground state ℓ\ell-boson stars only stable for ℓ=0\ell=0 and ℓ=1\ell=1?

In previous work we analyzed the linear stability of non-relativistic $\ell$-boson stars with respect to radial modes and showed that ground state configurations are stable with respect to these modes, whereas excited states are unstable. In this work we extend the analysis to non-spherical linear mode perturbations. To this purpose, we expand the wave function in terms of tensor spherical harmonics which allows us to decouple the perturbation equations into a family of radial problems. By using a combination of analytic and numerical methods, we show that ground state configurations with $\ell > 1$ possess exponentially in time growing non-radial modes, whereas only oscillating modes are found for $\ell=0$ and $\ell=1$. This leads us to conjecture that nonrelativistic $\ell$-boson stars in their ground state are stable for $\ell=1$ as well as $\ell=0$, while ground state and excited configurations with $\ell > 1$ are unstable.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Manejo De Miedo, Estrategias De Afrontamiento Y Cultura Ciudadana Para Prevención De La Violencia

In this study, an intervention program was designed and evaluated. This paper focuses on identifying beliefs, perceptions, and negative attitudes in the group, in order to continue with the promotion of positive socialemotional coping and the reduction of social fear. This, however, would help to elevate the behaviors of citizen participation and to inhibit antisocial behaviors. A sample of 47 women and 5 men, a total of 52 students from 17 to 21 years, were trained by means of didactic skill of cases and training in conflict management for a period of 11 weeks in a weekend modality. A quasiexperiment was designed using repeated measures, pretest-interventionpostest, and a control group. As a result, an increase in culture and citizen participation was found in the treatment group after 44 hours of intervention. Qualitative data indicate findings regarding group cognitive relations, assertive coping strategies in conflicting social situations, ability to analyze negative feelings, and a decrease in antisocial behavior

Determinación de la concentración de cadmio y plomo en la especie Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) en la ciudad de Manta.

Esta investigación tiene como propósito determinar la concentración de cadmio (Cd) y plomo (Pb) en la especie Yellowfin (Thunnus albacares), según tres rangos de tallas y poder compararlos con los valores establecidos por las normativas de la Legislación de la Unión Europea de contaminantes químicos en productos alimentarios, Revisión agosto 2003 y Reglamento (UE) 2021/1323 de la omisión de 10 de agosto de 2021 para determinar si se encuentran en los límites permitidos para el consumo humano, Norma INEN NTE 1772:2013,The purpose of this research is to determine the concentration of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the Yellowfin species (Thunnus albacares), according to three ranges of sizes and to be able to compare them with the values established by the regulations of the European Union Legislation of Chemical contaminants in food products, Review August 2003 and Commission Regulation (EU) 2021/1323 of August 10, 2021 to determine if they are within the limits allowed for human consumption, INEN NTE 1772: 2013 Standard