Lipoxidation and cancer immunity

Lipoxidation is a well-known reaction between electrophilic carbonyl species, formed during oxidation of lipids, and specific proteins that, in most cases, causes an alteration in proteins function. This can occur under physiological conditions but, in many cases, it has been associated to pathological process, including cancer. Lipoxidation may have an effect in cancer development through their effects in tumour cells, as well as through the alteration of immune components and the consequent modulation of the immune response. The formation of protein adducts affects different proteins in cancer, triggering different mechanism, such as proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis, among others, altering cancer progression. The divergent results obtained documented that the formation of lipoxidation adducts can have either anti-carcinogenic or pro-carcinogenic effects, depending on the cell type affected and the specific adduct formed. Moreover, lipoxidation adducts may alter the immune response, consequently causing either positive or negative alterations in cancer progression. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the effects of lipoxidation adducts in cancer cells and immune components and their consequences in the evolution of different types of cancer.publishe

Stripe Ansatzs from Exactly Solved Models

Using the Boltzmann weights of classical Statistical Mechanics vertex models we define a new class of Tensor Product Ansatzs for 2D quantum lattice systems, characterized by a strong anisotropy, which gives rise to stripe like structures. In the case of the six vertex model we compute exactly, in the thermodynamic limit, the norm of the ansatz and other observables. Employing this ansatz we study the phase diagram of a Hamiltonian given by the sum of XXZ Hamiltonians along the legs coupled by an Ising term. Finally, we suggest a connection between the six and eight-vertex Anisotropic Tensor Product Ansatzs, and their associated Hamiltonians, with the smectic stripe phases recently discussed in the literature.Comment: REVTEX4.b4 file, 10 pages, 2 ps Figures. Revised version to appear in PR

Real Space Renormalization Group Methods and Quantum Groups

We apply real-space RG methods to study two quantum group invariant Hamiltonians, that of the XXZ model and the Ising model in a transverse field defined in an open chain with appropiate boundary terms. The quantum group symmetry is preserved under the RG transformation except for the appearence of a quantum group anomalous term which vanishes in the classical case. We obtain correctly the line of critical XXZ models. In the ITF model the RG-flow coincides with the tensor product decomposition of cyclic irreps. of $SU_q(2)$ with $q^4=1$.Comment: 7 pages, LATEX, no figure

A Density Matrix Renormalization Group Approach to an Asymptotically Free Model with Bound States

We apply the DMRG method to the 2 dimensional delta function potential which is a simple quantum mechanical model with asymptotic freedom and formation of bound states. The system block and the environment block of the DMRG contain the low energy and high energy degrees of freedom, respectively. The ground state energy and the lowest excited states are obtained with very high accuracy. We compare the DMRG method with the Similarity RG method and propose its generalization to field theoretical models in high energy physics.Comment: REVTEX file, 4 pages, 1 Table, 3 eps Figures. Explanation on the extension to many-body QFT problems added, 3 new references and some minor changes. New forma

The trans fatty acid elaidate affects the global DNA methylation profile of cultured cells and in vivo

BACKGROUND: The deleterious effects of dietary trans fatty acids (tFAs) on human health are well documented. Although significantly reduced or banned in various countries, tFAs may trigger long-term responses that would represent a valid human health concern, particularly if tFAs alter the epigenome. METHODS: Based on these considerations, we asked whether the tFA elaidic acid (EA; tC18:1) has any effects on global DNA methylation and the transcriptome in cultured human THP-1 monocytes, and whether the progeny of EA-supplemented dams during either pregnancy or lactation in mice (n = 20 per group) show any epigenetic change after exposure. RESULTS: EA induced a biphasic effect on global DNA methylation in THP-1 cells, i.e. hypermethylation in the 1–50 μM concentration range, followed by hypomethylation up to the 200 μM dose. On the other hand, the cis isomer oleic acid (OA), a fatty acid with documented beneficial effects on human health, exerted a distinct response, i.e. its effects were weaker and only partially overlapping with EA’s. The maximal differential response between EA and OA was observed at the 50 μM dose. Array expression data revealed that EA induced a pro-inflammatory and adipogenic transcriptional profile compared with OA, although with modest effects on selected (n = 9) gene promoter methylation. In mice, maternal EA supplementation in utero or via the breastmilk induced global adipose tissue DNA hypermethylation in the progeny, that was detectable postnatally at the age of 3 months. CONCLUSION: We document that global DNA hypermethylation is a specific and consistent response to EA in cell culture and in mice, and that EA may exert long-term effects on the epigenome following maternal exposure. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0243-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Composición mineralógica de los polvos de talco de uso tópico

It has been effectued a semicuantitative mineralogical analysis of 12 dusting powder talc to topic use. These samples were selected asmore representative of these products procedents from several spanish chemists. The content of tale is compressed· beneath 70 and 95 %., with an average content of 85,2% . The medium tale content several impurities with following quantities: 2,7 % of chlorite, 3,3 % of calcite, 1,5 % of dolomite, 1 % of amphiboles, 0,72 % of quartz and 3,4 % of kaolinite.Se ha realizado un estudio mineralógico semicuantitativo, de 12 polvos de talco de uso tópico lubricante; elegidos como muestra representativa de este tipo de productos en farmacias y droguerias españolas. El contenido de talco oscila entre 70-95%, con un contenido medio de 85,2 %. El talco medio contiene diversos impurificantes en las siguientes cantidades: 2,7 % de clorita, 3,3 % de calcita, 1,5 % de dolomita, 1 % de anfíboles, 0,72 % de cuarzo y 3,4 % de caolinita

The Short Range RVB State of Even Spin Ladders: A Recurrent Variational Approach

Using a recursive method we construct dimer and nondimer variational ansatzs of the ground state for the two-legged ladder, and compute the number of dimer coverings, the energy density and the spin correlation functions. The number of dimer coverings are given by the Fibonacci numbers for the dimer-RVB state and their generalization for the nondimer ones. Our method relies on the recurrent relations satisfied by the overlaps of the states with different lengths, which can be solved using generating functions. The recurrent relation method is applicable to other short range systems. Based on our results we make a conjecture about the bond amplitudes of the 2-leg ladder.Comment: REVTEX file, 32 pages, 10 EPS figures inserted in text with epsf.st

Corner Transfer Matrix Algorithm for Classical Renormalization Group

We report a real-space renormalization group (RSRG) algorithm, which is formulated through Baxter's corner transfer matrix (CTM), for two-dimensional (d = 2) classical lattice models. The new method performs the renormalization group transformation according to White's density matrix algorithm, so that variational free energies are minimized within a restricted degree of freedom m. As a consequence of the renormalization, spin variables on each corner of CTM are replaced by a m-state block spin variable. It is shown that the thermodynamic functions and critical exponents of the q = 2, 3 Potts models can be precisely evaluated by use of the renormalization group method.Comment: 20 pages, 10 ps figures, JPSJ style files are include

Developing a new Bayesian Risk Index for risk evaluation of soil contamination

Research work is published in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.068Soil quality is heavily constrained by industrial and agricultural activities. Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) are a threat to public health and the environment alike. In this regard, the identification of areas that require remediation is crucial. In the herein research a geochemical dataset (230 samples) comprising 14 elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Ni, Mn, Fe, As, Cd, V, Cr, Ti, Al and S) was gathered throughout eight different zones distinguished by their main activity, namely, recreational, agriculture/livestock and heavy industry in the Avilés Estuary (North of Spain). Then a stratified systematic sampling method was used at short, medium, and long distances from each zone to obtain a representative picture of the total variability of the selected attributes. The information was then combined in four risk classes (Low, Moderate, High, Remediation) following reference values from several sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). A Bayesian analysis, inferred for each zone, allowed the characterization of PTEs correlations, the unsupervised learning network technique proving to be the best fit. Based on the Bayesian network structure obtained, Pb, As and Mn were selected as key contamination parameters. For these 3 elements, the conditional probability obtained was allocated to each observed point, and a simple, direct index (Bayesian Risk Index-BRI) was constructed as a linear rating of the pre-defined risk classes weighted by the previously obtained probability. Finally, the BRI underwent geostatistical modeling. One hundred Sequential Gaussian Simulations (SGS) were computed. The Mean Image and the Standard Deviation maps were obtained, allowing the definition of High/Low risk clusters (Local G clustering) and the computation of spatial uncertainty. High-risk clusters are mainly distributed within the area with the highest altitude (agriculture/livestock) showing an associated low spatial uncertainty, clearly indicating the need for remediation. Atmospheric emissions, mainly derived from the metallurgical industry, contribute to soil contamination by PT

Should inflammatory bowel disease clinicians provide their patients with e-Health resources?: patients' and professionals' perspectives

[Abstract] Introduction: The internet is emerging as a source of information for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it is not always reliable and may cause anxiety. We aim to assess patients' information habits and patients' and professionals' perceptions of a national website integrated as an educational resource for the IBD unit. Methods: Patients aged 18-65 years, comfortable with the internet, and attending follow-ups at participating IBD units (March-June 2019) and their professionals were invited to evaluate a recommended website through an online survey. Results: Three hundred eighty-nine patients and 95 professionals completed the survey. The internet (n = 109; 27.4%) was the second preferred source of information after the health care team (n = 229; 57.5%). Eighty percent of patients searched the internet for information on their disease and 28.6% did so at least once a week (n = 114), especially newly diagnosed ones (<2 years). Patients valued a website recommended by their professional (n = 379; 95.2%) and endorsed by the National Working Group (n = 377; 94.7%). They would attend online educational initiatives on the website (n = 279; 70.1%) and complete periodical surveys to improve its usefulness (n = 338; 84.9%). According to IBD professionals, this type of website is the best patient source of supplementary information (n = 76; 80%) and they "prescribe" it to most patients (67.0 ± 25.2%), especially the newly diagnosed patients (52.7 ± 26.5%). It effectively integrates routine face-to-face education (n = 95; 100%). Conclusions: Patients of IBD units, especially newly diagnosed ones, appreciate a trusted e-Health resource to back up professional information. The favorable opinion of patients and professionals will allow its use in training interventions