1,593 research outputs found
The significance of seniority for women managers’ interpretations of organizational restructuring
This paper examines the impact of restructuring within the transport and logistics sector on women managers working at senior and less senior (middle/junior management) levels of the organization. The majority of women experienced increased performance pressures and heavier workloads as well as an increase in working hours. At the same time, there were pressures to work at home (i.e. week-ends and evenings) and reduced opportunities to work from home (i.e. during normal office hours). Management level emerged as an important factor in how these changes were interpreted. Senior managers perceived more positive outcomes in terms of increased motivation and loyalty. Despite a longer working week, they were less likely to report low morale as an outcome from long hours. In fact, irrespective of management level, women working shorter hours were more likely to report low morale as an outcome. Results are discussed in relation to literature on restructuring and careers, in terms of perceptual framing and in relation to different levels of investment in the organization
Recent variability of the global ocean carbon sink
We present a new observation-based estimate of the global oceanic carbon dioxide (CO2) sink and its temporal variation on a monthly basis from 1998 through 2011 and at a spatial resolution of 1×1. This sink estimate rests upon a neural network-based mapping of global surface ocean observations of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) from the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas database. The resulting pCO2 has small biases when evaluated against independent observations in the different ocean basins, but larger randomly distributed differences exist particularly in high latitudes. The seasonal climatology of our neural network-based product agrees overall well with the Takahashi et al. (2009) climatology, although our product produces a stronger seasonal cycle at high latitudes. From our global pCO2 product, we compute a mean net global ocean (excluding the Arctic Ocean and coastal regions) CO2 uptake flux of −1.42 ± 0.53 Pg C yr−1, which is in good agreement with ocean inversion-based estimates. Our data indicate a moderate level of interannual variability in the ocean carbon sink (±0.12 Pg C yr−1, 1𝜎) from 1998 through 2011, mostly originating from the equatorial Pacific Ocean, and associated with the El Nino–Southern Oscillation. Accounting for steady state riverine and Arctic Ocean carbon fluxes our estimate further implies a mean anthropogenic CO2 uptake of −1.99 ± 0.59 Pg C yr−1 over the analysis period. From this estimate plus the most recent estimates for fossil fuel emissions and atmospheric CO2 accumulation, we infer a mean global land sink of −2.82 ± 0.85 Pg C yr−1 over the 1998 through 2011 period with strong interannual variation
The Current State of Climate Change Perceptions and Policies in Vietnam: 2014 Report
This report was constructed to assess the current perceptions and policies regarding climate change in Vietnam. The report comprises a country report, outlining current policies relating to climate change, stakeholder mapping regarding climate change locally and nationally, and results from two stakeholder perception surveys conducted locally and nationally in Vietnam. A total of 50 stakeholders were interviewed, 25 locally and 25 nationally. The stakeholders in the survey represented government offices, universities, research institutions, NGOs, and farmers’ groups. Concerns about climate change impacts included drought, flooding, rainfall variation, and salinity intrusion. These concerns, as well as the methods in which stakeholders would like to receive climate information, varied between local and national stakeholders as well as by the type of institution that the stakeholder represented. This emphasizes a need for location- and user-specific responses to climate change
Murchison Widefield Array and XMM-Newton observations of the Galactic supernova remnant G5.9+3.1
In this paper we discuss the radio continuum and X-ray properties of the
so-far poorly studied Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G5.9+3.1. We present the
radio spectral energy distribution (SED) of the Galactic SNR G5.9+3.1 obtained
with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). Combining these new observations with
the surveys at other radio continuum frequencies, we discuss the integrated
radio continuum spectrum of this particular remnant. We have also analyzed an
archival XMM-Newton observation, which represents the first detection of X-ray
emission from this remnant. The SNR SED is very well explained by a simple
power-law relation. The synchrotron radio spectral index of G5.9+3.1, is
estimated to be 0.420.03 and the integrated flux density at 1GHz to be
around 2.7Jy. Furthermore, we propose that the identified point radio source,
located centrally inside the SNR shell, is most probably a compact remnant of
the supernova explosion. The shell-like X-ray morphology of G5.9+3.1 as
revealed by XMM-Newton broadly matches the spatial distribution of the radio
emission, where the radio-bright eastern and western rims are also readily
detected in the X-ray while the radio-weak northern and southern rims are weak
or absent in the X-ray. Extracted MOS1+MOS2+PN spectra from the whole SNR as
well as the north, east, and west rims of the SNR are fit successfully with an
optically thin thermal plasma model in collisional ionization equilibrium with
a column density N_H~0.80x cm and fitted temperatures spanning
the range kT~0.14-0.23keV for all of the regions. The derived electron number
densities n_e for the whole SNR and the rims are also roughly comparable
(ranging from ~ cm to ~ cm, where f
is the volume filling factor). We also estimate the swept-up mass of the X-ray
emitting plasma associated with G5.9+3.1 to be ~.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
Observing the transient pulsations of SMC X-1 with NuSTAR
We report on NuSTAR observations of transient pulsations in the neutron star
X-ray binary SMC X-1. The transition from non-pulsing to pulsing states was not
accompanied by a large change in flux. Instead, both pulsing and non-pulsing
states were observed in a single observation during the low-flux super-orbital
state. During the high-state, we measure a pulse period of at . Spectral analysis
during non-pulsing and pulsing states reveals that the observations can be
consistently modeled by an absorbed power law with a phenomenological cutoff
resembling a Fermi-Dirac distribution, or by a partially obscured cutoff power
law. The shapes of the underlying continua show little variability between
epochs, while the covering fraction and column density vary between
super-orbital states. The strength of pulsations also varies, leading us to
infer that the absence and reemergence of pulsations are related to changing
obscuration, such as by a warped accretion disk. SMC X-1 is accreting near or
above its Eddington limit, reaching an unabsorbed X-ray luminosity of . This
suggests that SMC X-1 may be a useful local analog to ultraluminous X-ray
pulsars (ULXPs), which likewise exhibit strong variability in their pulsed
fractions, as well as flux variability on similar timescales. In particular,
the gradual pulse turn-on which has been observed in M82 X-2 is similar to the
behavior we observe in SMC X-1. Thus we propose that pulse fraction variability
of ULXPs may also be due to variable obscuration.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal; 13 pages, 4
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