1,752 research outputs found
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Learning Statistics Through Exemplars
This paper implements recent proposals for enhancing the learning of mathematics by developing statistics instruction and assessment for eighth grade students that c^italizes on the use of exemplars. The goal of instruction was for small groups to learn about statistics by engaging in hands-on activities as well as to ^ply their knowledge and skills by creating statistics projects tfiat involved designing, conducting, and presenting a mini-experimeni. Performance criteria which reflected the statistical concepts taught in the instruction were explained to students to ensure their understanding of the task (i.e., project). Groups were assigned to two treatments-exemplars and nonexemplars?Av'hich differed in the degree to which criteria modeled the processes of hypothesis generation, data collection, data analysis, and graphic representation. The effectiveness of elaborating on criteria through examples and text (i.e., exemplars) or just text (i.e., nonexemplars) for enhancing learning was examined. Both treatments demonstrated significant performance gains from pretest to posttest. However, students' understanding of representative sampling was significantly better as a result of receiving the exemplars treatment than the nonexemplars treatment. Making criteria more elaborate through examples of performance can thus enhance students' understanding of more abstfact statistical concepts such as sampling
Influencers and preference predictors of HPV vaccine uptake among US male and female young adult college students
Objective: The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of male and female college students in Kentucky about HPV associated diseases and vaccines, and to determine which parameters predicted self-reported uptake of HPV vaccination. Materials and methods: A self-selected cross-sectional sample of college students completed an evidence-based online survey. Results: Of approximately 1200 potential respondents, 585 completed the survey. The average age was 20.6 (SD 3.15) and 78% were female; 84% of the population had had one or more sexual partners. Concern for HPV vaccine safety and potential need for boosters did not significantly deter vaccine uptake. Likewise, knowledge about HPV associated cancers was not predictive of vaccine uptake. On the other hand, parental influence for vaccination was a strong predictor for vaccine uptake (aOR = 5.32, 2.71–13.03), and free vaccine nearly doubled the likelihood of being vaccinated (aOR 1.90, 1.05–3.41). In addition, the strong preference for the respondent\u27s partner to be HPV vaccinated predicted vaccine uptake (aOR = 4.04, 95% CI: 2.31–7.05), but the lack of preference for partner vaccination predicted an unvaccinated self (aOR = 0.50, 0.27–0.93). Conclusions: HPV vaccination has been successful in young adult college students in Kentucky. Young adults prefer their partners to be HPV vaccinated regardless of whether they themselves are vaccinated. Parental influence and free vaccine were positive predictors for vaccine uptake in this population
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Manipulating Replisome Dynamics to Enhance Lambda Red-Mediated Multiplex Genome Engineering
Disrupting the interaction between primase and helicase in Escherichia coli increases Okazaki fragment (OF) length due to less frequent primer synthesis. We exploited this feature to increase the amount of ssDNA at the lagging strand of the replication fork that is available for λ Red-mediated Multiplex Automatable Genome Engineering (MAGE). Supporting this concept, we demonstrate that MAGE enhancements correlate with OF length. Compared with a standard recombineering strain (EcNR2), the strain with the longest OFs displays on average 62% more alleles converted per clone, 239% more clones with 5 or more allele conversions and 38% fewer clones with 0 allele conversions in 1 cycle of co-selection MAGE (CoS-MAGE) with 10 synthetic oligonucleotides. Additionally, we demonstrate that both synthetic oligonucleotides and accessible ssDNA targets on the lagging strand of the replication fork are limiting factors for MAGE. Given this new insight, we generated a strain with reduced oligonucleotide degradation and increased genomic ssDNA availability, which displayed 111% more alleles converted per clone, 527% more clones with 5 or more allele conversions and 71% fewer clones with 0 allele conversions in 1 cycle of 10-plex CoS-MAGE. These improvements will facilitate ambitious genome engineering projects by minimizing dependence on time-consuming clonal isolation and screening
The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope, V: Predicted Performance of the MIRI Coronagraphs
The imaging channel on the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) is equipped with
four coronagraphs that provide high contrast imaging capabilities for studying
faint point sources and extended emission that would otherwise be overwhelmed
by a bright point-source in its vicinity. Such bright sources might include
stars that are orbited by exoplanets and circumstellar material, mass-loss
envelopes around post-main-sequence stars, the near-nuclear environments in
active galaxies, and the host galaxies of distant quasars. This paper describes
the coronagraphic observing modes of MIRI, as well as performance estimates
based on measurements of the MIRI flight model during cryo-vacuum testing. A
brief outline of coronagraphic operations is also provided. Finally, simulated
MIRI coronagraphic observations of a few astronomical targets are presented for
illustration
Understanding the mechanisms of IGF2 gene regulation in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC has a very well studied etiology, and is associated with chronic hepatic viral infections (hepatitis viruses B and C), alcohol abuse, or other causes of chronic liver damage. Currently, tumor resection and liver transplantation are the only potentially curative treatments available for HCC. However, the presence of extra-hepatic invasion and metastasis makes patients ineligible for these treatments. High IGF2 levels are associated with metastatic HCC, and we recently showed that IGF2-induced signaling through Igf1R stimulates the invasiveness and metastatic phenotype of HCC cells. However, the precise mechanisms by which IGF2 expression is enhanced in HCC are not well understood. IGF2 is an imprinted gene normally expressed from the paternal allele. Loss of imprinting, which activates the normally silent maternal allele, has been implicated as an epigenetic marker for the enhanced risk of human cancer. However, many HCCs that display elevated IGF2 expression levels retain a normal imprinting pattern. Therefore, additional gene regulation mechanisms must also influence IGF2 expression in HCC.
Hypothesis: Long-range genomic interactions are important for the regulation of IGF2 gene expression, and alterations in these long-range interactions lead to elevated IGF2 gene expression in HCC. To address this hypothesis I have utilized chromosome conformation capture carbon copy (5C) technology to elucidate long-range interactions involving the IGF2 promoters in a normal hepatocyte cell line, THLE-2, and an HCC cell line HepG2
DIFFICULTÉS DE LA PARTICIPATION EN RECHERCHE- ACTION : retour d'expériences de modélisation d'accompagnement en appui à l'aménagement du territoire au Sénégal et à la Réunion
International audienceComment aider les institutions et acteurs locaux à investir davantage les processus d'affectation des terres pour aménager leur territoire ? La décentralisation de l'aménagement du territoire engagée à la Réunion et au Sénégal est inachevée. Malgré l'arsenal législatif, les populations locales semblent peu impliquées dans les décisions les concernant en raison notamment de la difficulté à appréhender la complexité des systèmes d'interactions entre dynamiques sociales et environnementales. Le projet Domino vise à accompagner les processus de décision en proposant aux acteurs de construire et d'explorer des scenarii prospectifs d'affectation des terres. Cette expérience de modélisation participative repose sur une dynamique partenariale complexe sur chaque terrain, source de difficultés. Conscients des dérives potentielles, nous discutons la nécessité de construire une démarche qualité de notre recherche-action. Mots clés : montage de partenariat, démarche qualité, modèle, changement social, ComMod, interdisciplinarité, décentralisation, foncier, Sénégal, Réunio
Search for positively charged strangelets and other related results with E864 at the AGS
We report on the latest results in the search for positively charged
strangelets from E864's 96/97 run at the AGS with sensitivity of about per central collision. This contribution also contains new results of
a search for highly charged strangelets with . Production of light
nuclei, such as and , is presented as well. Measurements of yields
of these rarely produced isotopes near midrapidity will help constrain the
production levels of strangelets via coalescence. E864 also measures antiproton
production which includes decays from antihyperons. Comparisons with antiproton
yields measured by E878 as a function of centrality indicate a large
antihyperon-to-antiproton ratio in central collisions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; Talk at SQM'98, Padova, Italy (July 20-24th,
1998
Quark Matter 2006: high-pT and jets
An overview of new experimental results on high-\pT{} particle production and
jets in heavy ion collisions from the Quark Matter 2006 conference is
presented.Comment: Presented at Quark Matter 200
Youth in Two Anglophone High Schools in the Montreal Area: Survey on Language Practices
This report examines the results of a survey administered to students in two Anglophone high schools in metropolitan Montreal, in Quebec. The purpose of this survey was to gather information on the language practices of these students; in particular, the way in which they used English, French, and other languages in their daily lives.CHAPTER I : The Study p. 3
1. Description of the study p. 3
2. The Participating schools p. 5
3. Methodology p. 5
CHAPTER II: Results p. 7
1. Description of the sample p. 7
2. Students’ identity p. 10
3. Family background p. 13
4. Resources available in English outside of school p. 17
5. Participation in English-language groups and
associations outside of school p. 18
6. Languages spoken in the home p. 19
7. Resources in English in the home p. 27
8. Languages spoken at school p. 33
9. Concluding Remarks p. 43
Bibliograpy p. 4
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