1,658 research outputs found
A new application of emulsions to measure the gravitational force on antihydrogen
We propose to build and operate a detector based on the emulsion film
technology for the measurement of the gravitational acceleration on antimatter,
to be performed by the AEgIS experiment (AD6) at CERN. The goal of AEgIS is to
test the weak equivalence principle with a precision of 1% on the gravitational
acceleration g by measuring the vertical position of the anni- hilation vertex
of antihydrogen atoms after their free fall in a horizontal vacuum pipe. With
the emulsion technology developed at the University of Bern we propose to
improve the performance of AEgIS by exploiting the superior position resolution
of emulsion films over other particle de- tectors. The idea is to use a new
type of emulsion films, especially developed for applications in vacuum, to
yield a spatial resolution of the order of one micron in the measurement of the
sag of the antihydrogen atoms in the gravitational field. This is an order of
magnitude better than what was planned in the original AEgIS proposal.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figure
Type specimens of Hymenoptera deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (excluding Aculeata)
The present paper lists the type specimens of Hymenoptera, excluding Aculeata, deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. We record all labels contents and also additional information from MZSP registers, published material, and other available sources. High resolution photographs of holotypes, lectotypes and syntypes are available through links to Specimage - the image database of The Ohio State University, where they are archived. The collection comprises a total of 332 type-specimens (32 holotypes, 266 paratypes, 12 syntypes, 20 paralectotypes and two lectotypes) of eight superfamilies, 18 families, 31 subfamilies, 43 genera and 83 species.O presente artigo apresenta uma lista dos espécimes tipo de Hymenoptera, excluindo os Aculeata, depositados no Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil. São apresentadas as informações dos rótulos e também informações adicionais a partir dos registros do MZSP, de material publicado e de outras fontes disponíveis. Fotografias em alta resolução dos holótipos, lectótipos e síntipos estão disponibilizadas digitalmente através de links para o Specimage - o banco de dados de imagens da Ohio State University, onde estão depositadas. A coleção abriga um total de 332 espécimes-tipo (32 holótipos, 266 parátipos, 12 síntipos, 20 paralectótipos e dois lectótipos) pertencentes a oito superfamílias, 18 famílias, 31 subfamílias, 43 gêneros e 83 espécies
Observations of [C II] 158 micron Line and Far-infrared Continuum Emission toward the High-latitude Molecular Clouds in Ursa Major
We report the results of a rocket-borne observation of [C II] 158\micron line
and far-infrared continuum emission at 152.5\micron toward the high latitude
molecular clouds in Ursa Major. We also present the results of a follow-up
observation of the millimeter ^{12}CO J=1-0 line over a selected region
observed by the rocket-borne experiment. We have discovered three small CO
cloudlets from the follow-up ^{12}CO observations. We show that these molecular
cloudlets, as well as the MBM clouds(MBM 27/28/29/30), are not gravitationally
bound. Magnetic pressure and turbulent pressure dominate the dynamic balance of
the clouds. After removing the HI-correlated and background contributions, we
find that the [C II] emission peak is displaced from the 152.5\micron and CO
peaks, while the 152.5\micron continuum emission is spatially correlated with
the CO emission. We interpret this behavior by attributing the origin of [C II]
emission to the photodissociation regions around the molecular clouds
illuminated by the local UV radiation field. We also find that the ratio of the
molecular hydrogen column density to velocity-integrated CO intensity is
1.19+-0.29x10^{20} cm^{-2} (K kms^{-1})^{-1} from the FIR continuum and the CO
data. The average [C II] /FIR intensity ratio over the MBM clouds is 0.0071,
which is close to the all sky average of 0.0082 reported by the FIRAS on the
COBE satellite. The average [C II]/CO ratio over the same regions is 420, which
is significantly lower than that of molecular clouds in the Galactic plane.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX (aaspp4.sty) + 2 tables(apjpt4.sty) + 6 postscript
figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal; Astrophys. J.
in press (Vol. 490, December 1, 1997 issue
AKARI Far-Infrared All Sky Survey
We demonstrate the capability of AKARI for mapping diffuse far-infrared
emission and achieved reliability of all-sky diffuse map. We have conducted an
all-sky survey for more than 94 % of the whole sky during cold phase of AKARI
observation in 2006 Feb. -- 2007 Aug. The survey in far-infrared waveband
covers 50 um -- 180 um with four bands centered at 65 um, 90 um, 140 um, and
160 um and spatial resolution of 3000 -- 4000 (FWHM).This survey has allowed us
to make a revolutionary improvement compared to the IRAS survey that was
conducted in 1983 in both spatial resolution and sensitivity after more than a
quarter of a century. Additionally, it will provide us the first all-sky survey
data with high-spatial resolution beyond 100 um. Considering its extreme
importance of the AKARI far-infrared diffuse emission map, we are now
investigating carefully the quality of the data for possible release of the
archival data. Critical subjects in making image of diffuse emission from
detected signal are the transient response and long-term stability of the
far-infrared detectors. Quantitative evaluation of these characteristics is the
key to achieve sensitivity comparable to or better than that for point sources
(< 20 -- 95 [MJy/sr]). We describe current activities and progress that are
focused on making high quality all-sky survey images of the diffuse
far-infrared emission.Comment: To appear in Proc. Workshop "The Space Infrared Telescope for
Cosmology & Astrophysics: Revealing the Origins of Planets and Galaxies".
Eds. A.M. Heras, B. Swinyard, K. Isaak, and J.R. Goicoeche
AKARI-CAS --- Online Service for AKARI All-Sky Catalogues
The AKARI All-Sky Catalogues are an important infrared astronomical database
for next-generation astronomy that take over the IRAS catalog. We have
developed an online service, AKARI Catalogue Archive Server (AKARI-CAS), for
astronomers. The service includes useful and attractive search tools and visual
tools.
One of the new features of AKARI-CAS is cached SIMBAD/NED entries, which can
match AKARI catalogs with other catalogs stored in SIMBAD or NED. To allow
advanced queries to the databases, direct input of SQL is also supported. In
those queries, fast dynamic cross-identification between registered catalogs is
a remarkable feature. In addition, multiwavelength quick-look images are
displayed in the visualization tools, which will increase the value of the
service.
In the construction of our service, we considered a wide variety of
astronomers' requirements. As a result of our discussion, we concluded that
supporting users' SQL submissions is the best solution for the requirements.
Therefore, we implemented an RDBMS layer so that it covered important
facilities including the whole processing of tables. We found that PostgreSQL
is the best open-source RDBMS products for such purpose, and we wrote codes for
both simple and advanced searches into the SQL stored functions. To implement
such stored functions for fast radial search and cross-identification with
minimum cost, we applied a simple technique that is not based on dividing
celestial sphere such as HTM or HEALPix. In contrast, the Web application layer
became compact, and was written in simple procedural PHP codes. In total, our
system realizes cost-effective maintenance and enhancements.Comment: Yamauchi, C. et al. 2011, PASP..123..852
A Systematic Review of Mosquito Coils and Passive Emanators: Defining Recommendations for Spatial Repellency Testing Methodologies.
Mosquito coils, vaporizer mats and emanators confer protection against mosquito bites through the spatial action of emanated vapor or airborne pyrethroid particles. These products dominate the pest control market; therefore, it is vital to characterize mosquito responses elicited by the chemical actives and their potential for disease prevention. The aim of this review was to determine effects of mosquito coils and emanators on mosquito responses that reduce human-vector contact and to propose scientific consensus on terminologies and methodologies used for evaluation of product formats that could contain spatial chemical actives, including indoor residual spraying (IRS), long lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) and insecticide treated materials (ITMs). PubMed, (National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine, NIH), MEDLINE, LILAC, Cochrane library, IBECS and Armed Forces Pest Management Board Literature Retrieval System search engines were used to identify studies of pyrethroid based coils and emanators with key-words "Mosquito coils" "Mosquito emanators" and "Spatial repellents". It was concluded that there is need to improve statistical reporting of studies, and reach consensus in the methodologies and terminologies used through standardized testing guidelines. Despite differing evaluation methodologies, data showed that coils and emanators induce mortality, deterrence, repellency as well as reduce the ability of mosquitoes to feed on humans. Available data on efficacy outdoors, dose-response relationships and effective distance of coils and emanators is inadequate for developing a target product profile (TPP), which will be required for such chemicals before optimized implementation can occur for maximum benefits in disease control
Detection of the Cosmic Far-Infrared Background in the AKARI Deep Field South
We report the detection and measurement of the absolute brightness and
spatial fluctuations of the cosmic infrared background (CIB) with the AKARI
satellite. We have carried out observations at 65, 90, 140 and 160 um as a
cosmological survey in AKARI Deep Field South (ADF-S), which is one of the
lowest cirrus regions with contiguous area on the sky. After removing bright
galaxies and subtracting zodiacal and Galactic foregrounds from the measured
sky brightness, we have successfully measured the CIB brightness and its
fluctuations across a wide range of angular scales from arcminutes to degrees.
The measured CIB brightness is consistent with previous results reported from
COBE data but significantly higher than the lower limits at 70 and 160 um
obtained with the Spitzer satellite from the stacking analysis of 24-um
selected sources. The discrepancy with the Spitzer result is possibly due to a
new galaxy population at high redshift obscured by hot dust. From power
spectrum analysis at 90 um, three components are identified: shot noise due to
individual galaxies; Galactic cirrus emission dominating at the largest angular
scales of a few degrees; and an additional component at an intermediate angular
scale of 10-30 arcminutes, possibly due to galaxy clustering. The spectral
shape of the clustering component at 90 um is very similar to that at longer
wavelengths as observed by Spitzer and BLAST. Moreover, the color of the
fluctuations indicates that the clustering component is as red as
Ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) at high redshift, These galaxies are
not likely to be the majority of the CIB emission at 90 um, but responsible for
the clustering component. Our results provide new constraints on the evolution
and clustering properties of distant infrared galaxies.Comment: 50 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Ap
Type specimens of Hymenoptera deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (excluding Aculeata)
The present paper lists the type specimens of Hymenoptera, excluding Aculeata, deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. We record all labels contents and also additional information from MZSP registers, published material, and other available sources. High resolution photographs of holotypes, lectotypes and syntypes are available through links to Specimage - the image database of The Ohio State University, where they are archived. The collection comprises a total of 332 type-specimens (32 holotypes, 266 paratypes, 12 syntypes, 20 paralectotypes and two lectotypes) of eight superfamilies, 18 families, 31 subfamilies, 43 genera and 83 species
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