Liderazgo transformacional y género en hoteles de 4 y 5 estrellas de Tijuana (México)

This descriptive research, which uses in depth interview, shows interactions between leadership styles and gender in 4 & 5 Star-hotels in Tijuana, Mexico. The results show recognition of female leadership, as well as interactions between gender stereotypes and transformational leadership as a consequence of care work. Women in managerial positions prefer a participative leadership style as a strategy to create alliances to avoid questions about their leadership capacity as well as work-life balance strategies.Esta investigación descriptiva, que aplica la técnica de entrevista en profundidad semi estructurada, muestra las interacciones de los estilos de liderazgo y el género en hoteles de 4 y 5 Estrellas de Tijuana, México. Los resultados reflejan reconocimiento de la calidad del liderazgo de las mujeres, así como las interacciones entre estereotipos de género y liderazgo transformacional como consecuencia de la carga de trabajo de cuidados. Las gerentes prefieren un estilo de liderazgo participativo como estrategia para formar alianzas y evitar cuestionamientos sobre su capacidad de liderazgo, y como estrategia de conciliación del trabajo y la familia

EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO REPELENTE Y BIOCIDA DEL EXTRACTO Y POLVO DE HOJAS DE AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS., (NEEM) SOBRE ULOMOIDES DERMESTOIDES (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE)

Ulomoides dermestoides (Fairmare,1893), commonly known as the peanut weevil, is an insect belonging to the order Coleoptera, family tenebrionidae; it is characterized by being a pest of different stored grains such as peanuts, corn, oats, among others; generating large economic losses. Azadirachtin is a triterpenoid present in the leaves, seeds and trunk of the Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) tree, belonging to the Meliaceae family, which has demonstrated a biocidal effect on different pests, acting at a reproductive, hormonal, digestive and neurological level, without causing harmful effects. to the ecosystem. In this study, the biocidal and repellent effect of the extract and powder of A. indica leaves on U. dermestoides was evaluated by spraying the leaves dehydrated for 48 h at 40°C and their extract by hydrodistillation. The experimental design to evaluate the biocidal and repellent effect consisted of two groups with dilutions with distilled water in proportions of 1:0 and 1:1, respectively, both for the extract (Te1 and Te2) and for the powder (Tp1 and Tp2) and a control. for both evaluations (Ce and Cp). Obtaining as a result that it has a low biocidal effect in both presentations (extract and powder), but it has a greater repellent effect in both presentations.Ulomoides dermestoides (Fairmaire, 1893), conocido comúnmente como gorgojo del maní, es un insecto perteneciente al orden Coleoptera, familia tenebrionidae; se caracteriza por ser plaga de distintos granos almacenados como el maní, maíz, avena, entre otros; generando grandes pérdidas económicas. La azadiractina es un triterpenoide presente en las hojas, semillas y tronco del árbol Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem), perteneciente a la familia Meliaceae, que ha demostrado efecto biocida en diferentes plagas actuando a nivel reproductivo, hormonal, digestivo y neurológico, sin causar efectos nocivos al ecosistema. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto biocida y repelente del extracto y polvo de hojas de A. indica sobre U. dermestoides, mediante la pulverización de las hojas deshidratadas por 48 h a 40°C y el extracto de las mismas por hidrodestilación. El diseño experimental para evaluar el efecto biocida y repelente consistió en dos grupos con diluciones con agua destilada en proporción 1:0 y 1:1 respectivamente tanto para el extracto (Te1 y Te2) como para el polvo (Tp1 y Tp2) y un control para ambas evaluaciones (Ce y Cp). Obteniendo como resultado que tiene un bajo efecto biocida en las dos presentaciones (extracto y polvo), pero tiene mayor efecto repelente en ambas presentaciones

Efecto biocida del extracto de semillas de higuerilla (Ricinus communis) en Ulomoides dermestoides (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Ulomoides dermestoides Fairmaire, 1893 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a pest of stored grains, affecting the germination and commercial value of the seeds. Ricinus communis (Linneo, 1753) (Euphorbiaceae) that has compounds with phytotoxic properties such as ricinin (toxic alkaloid), and, ricin (phytotoxic albumin). This research aims to evaluate the biocidal effect of R. communis essential oil extracted by maceration and Soxhlet methods on larvae of the last stages and adults of U. dermestoides. The experimental design consisted of a control group (C) and three experimental groups E1 (33%), E2 (60%) and E3 (70.4%), with four repetitions per treatment. The evaluation period was 120 hours in 24-hour intervals. The results obtained indicate that treatments E2 and E3 have the greatest biocidal effect on larvae and adults of U. dermestoides, recording the highest number of dead individuals within 24 hours of the start of the treatment. We conclude that the essential oil of R. communis obtained by the maceration and Soxhlet method has a biocidal effect on larvae of the last stages and adults of U. dermestoides.Ulomoides dermestoides Fairmaire, 1893 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), es una plaga de los granos almacenados, que afecta a la germinación y al valor comercial de las semillas. Ricinus communis (Linneo, 1753) (Euphorbiaceae) que posee compuestos con propiedades fitotóxicas como la ricinina (alcaloide tóxico), y, la ricina (albúmina fitotóxica). El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el efecto biocida del aceite esencial de R. communis extraído por los métodos de maceración y Soxhlet sobre larvas de los últimos estadios y adultos de U. dermestoides. El diseño experimental consistió en un grupo control (C) y tres grupos experimentales E1 (33%), E2 (60%) y E3 (70,4%), con cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. El periodo de evaluación fue de 120 horas en intervalos de 24 horas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los tratamientos E2 y E3 tienen el mayor efecto biocida sobre larvas y adultos de U. dermestoides, registrando el mayor número de individuos muertos a las 24 horas del inicio del tratamiento. Se concluye que el aceite esencial de R. communis obtenido por el método de maceración y Soxhlet tiene un efecto biocida sobre larvas de los últimos estadios y adultos de U. dermestoides

Desempeño coopetitivo de los clúster del sector turismo en el Distrito de Lambayeque

El propósito de la presente investigación se fundamentó en la siguiente pregunta principal, ¿Cómo se presenta el desempeño coopetitivo en el clúster de turismo en el distrito de Lambayeque? el mismo que fue desarrollado bajo la metodología de Morosini (2004) que consistió en medir el grado de cohesión y escala de un clúster sobre la base de dos criterios; integración de conocimiento y el ámbito de competencia que son factores cruciales para explicar el desempeño coopetitivo de los conglomerados industriales. El enfoque de investigación fue cualitativo con un alcance descriptivo, elaborándose 18 preguntas semiestructuradas dirigidas a Gerentes, Presidentes, Directores y Funcionarios de 15 instituciones públicas y privadas quienes otorgaron información relevante que permitieron interpretar los resultados obtenidos. Para el análisis e interpretación de los resultados, se procesó la información a través del programa de datos cualitativos Atlas Ti, que facilitó el tratamiento de los datos obtenidos, permitiendo un análisis más ordenado y amplio, proporcionando a los investigadores identificar el problema central del estudio. Producto de la revisión de la literatura y de las entrevistas realizadas, se logró determinar que el desempeño coopetitivo de las empresas que se dedican al sector turismo en el distrito de Lambayeque es bajo, en el cual la dimensión de integración de conocimiento es débil y el ámbito de competencia es local, lo que significa que actualmente los agentes económicos vinculados con la actividad turística del citado distrito son un conjunto de empresas dedicadas a una misma actividad económica sin conexión alguna entre ellas, presentando patrones de crecimiento muy lento, no se adaptan rápidamente al cambio de condiciones ambientales y compiten dentro de las fronteras locales geográficasThe purpose of this research was based on the following main question, how the coopetitive performance is presented in the tourism cluster in the district of Lambayeque? the same that was developed under the methodology Morosini (2004), which consisted of measuring the degree of cohesion and scale a cluster based on two criteria; integration of knowledge and the competence which are crucial factors to explain the coopetitive performance of industrial clusters. The research approach was qualitative with descriptive scope, being elaborated 18 semi-structured questions to Managers, Presidents, Directors and Officers of 15 public and private institutions who gave relevant information that helped interpret the results. For the analysis and interpretation of results, information is processed through the program of qualitative data Atlas Ti, which facilitated the processing of data, allowing a more orderly and comprehensive analysis, providing researchers identify the core problem of the study . Product review of the literature and interviews, was determined that the coopetitive performance of companies engaged in tourism sector in the district of Lambayeque is low, in which the dimension of knowledge integration is weak and the area of competence is local, which means that currently the economic agents linked to the tourist activity of that district are a group of companies engaged in the same economic activity with no connection between them, showing patterns of very slow growth, not quickly adapt to changing environmental conditions and compete within the local geographic boundaries.Tesi

Sugerencias analíticas para la fabricación de sensores inteligentes basados en nanoesructuras amorfas, ante las condiciones de las montañas andinas

It is proposed in this abstract some suggestions for the manufacturing of advanced sensors (smart sensors) that are based in amorphous nanostructures in order to prepare intelligent sensors from which their transducers elaboration need specific requirements, such as in geometry and material of every sample. Moreover, it is quite important the correlation understanding between the necessities of the community or company that will operate with them. It means, the manufacturing of the transducers samples can be prepared by sputtering process, atomic load deposition and also by electrochemical reactions. Hence it is suggested to analyze the chemical components that are possible to find in the Andes mountains, also the strict compromise of the responsible residual collection of every production step and caring the environment conditions. Furthermore, it is proposed that designers could get understanding of the Andes mountains conditions, because many times it is not analyzed the geographic or climatic conditions, where there will be used the devices that require sensors for many applications such as in fishing tasks, agriculture tasks, mining tasks and public transport tasks. In this context, the advantages of the sensors based on nanostructures are supported by the robustness and short response time that give more time for active applications of the sensors as part of mechanic or mechatronic systems. This advantage helps for programming possibilities by a microcontroller in order to execute adaptive algorithms and enhancing the physical measurement tasks.En esta propuesta se plantean algunas sugerencias para la fabricación de sensores inteligentes basados en nanoestructuras amorfas, para lo cual la elaboración de los transductores de los sensores debe tener en cuenta la correlación entre su geometría interna (en escala nanométrica) y el material que lo compone, además de los requerimientos de la empresa que los necesite y el espacio geográfico de la comunidad donde estos sean usados. Tal es así, que la fabricación de estos sensores requiere procesos complejos cual pulverización catódica, deposición atómica, e incluso deposición atómica mediante reacciones electro-químicas. Por lo tanto, se sugiere estudiar qué minerales y componentes químicos se pueden encontrar en los alrededores de las montañas Andinas, para así poderlos usar en la fabricación de los sensores, teniendo un estricto compromiso del cuidado ambiental con los residuos acabado los procesos de fabricación. Además, se plantea tomar en cuenta la comprensión de las características geográficas y climatológicas del lugar de fabricación, cual también el lugar donde se someterá a prueba y uso de los sensores diseñados, que generalmente para las actividades de la población Andina, puede darse en la minería, pesca, agricultura y transporte público. En este contexto, los sensores diseñados en base a nanoestructuras tienen la ventaja de un corto tiempo de respuesta y robustez frente a perturbaciones, lo cual es muy útil para tareas de sistemas mecánicos o mecatrónicos donde el carácter activo de los sensores mejore el performance de las tareas, también esta ventaja es un soporte desde el punto de vista de la programación del microcontrolador que le dé el carácter de inteligencia artificial al sensor elaborado, pues permite ejecutar algoritmos complejos y adaptativos para trabajar en mejor respuesta de la transducción

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y ACADÉMICA COLECCIÓN CIENTÍFICA EDUCACIÓN, EMPRESA Y SOCIEDAD

PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA Y ACADÉMICA COLECCIÓN CIENTÍFICA EDUCACIÓN, EMPRESA Y SOCIEDAD Primera Edición 2023 Vol. 21 Editorial EIDEC Sello Editorial EIDEC (978-958-53018) NIT 900583173-1 ISBN: 978-628-95884-1-5 Formato: Digital PDF (Portable Document Format) DOI: https://doi.org/10.34893/e1150-3660-8721-s Publicación: Colombia Fecha Publicación: 13/09/2023 Coordinación Editorial Escuela Internacional de Negocios y Desarrollo Empresarial de Colombia – EIDEC Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES Revisión y pares evaluadores Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEE

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

IMPACTO DE VARIÁVEIS CONGNITIVAS E CONTEXTUAIS SOBRE O SUCESSO ACADÊMICO E O BEM ESTAR NA UNIVERSIDADE – QUE FAZER? QUE DEIXAR DE FAZER?

Este estudo parte de uma investigação longitudinal (2019-2022) mais ampla, vinculada ao Grupo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Educação, Psicopedagogia e Psicologia Escolar, UFAM/CNPq, PROCAD/AMAZÔNIA-PPGEUFAM/UFPA/UFMT, Processo CAPES 8881.314288/2019-0, articula-se metodológica e teoricamente com interfaces entre a psicologia escolar, psicologia educacional, pedagogia do ensino superior e educação escolar. Atua no sentido de entender os efeitos de variáveis cognitivas e contextuais sobre o sucesso acadêmico e o bem estar na universidade. A metodologia para coleta de dados é a aplicação de caderno de instrumentos próprios com apoio do Googleodocs, a amostra atual é de n=1112 estudantes de diferentes países (Brasil, México, República Dominicana, Bolívia, Moçambique, Angola, Venezuela, Colômbia, Espanha e Portugal), do sexo masculino e feminino, idade entre 18 e 54 anos e de 51 universidades públicas e privadas que colaboram com a iniciativa. Os dados são analisados com auxílio do Excel e SPSS, de acordo com os interesses dos pesquisadores e objetivos da investigação. Os resultados atuais demonstram a importância da pesquisa sobre os temas abordados pela iniciativa considerando o impacto das variáveis estudadas sobre o rendimento acadêmico e bom estar tanto de estudantes como de docentes e técnicos no ensino superior. Foram identificadas diferenças de países, renda, etnia, gênero e renda. No caso dos docentes e técnicos verificamos evidências da exaustão feminina. Os resultados podem apoiar a administração geral e coordenação educativa e psicopedagógica universitária em sentido amplo, visando a melhoria dos indicadores de sucesso acadêmico e bem estar, por meio da proposição de novas políticas e gestão da educação superior. Palavras-chave: Pesquisa em educação, Ensino superior, Rendimento acadêmico, Bem estar. Políticas de gestão da educação superior. Educação comparada.   IMPACT OF COGNITIVE AND CONTEXTUAL VARIABLES ABOUT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND  WELLBEING IN THE UNIVERSITY. Whato to do? Qhato not to do?   Abstract: This study, part of a further longitudinal investigation (2019-2022), attached to a multidisciplinary group of Educational Research  Scholar Psychotherapy and Psychology, UFAM/CNPq, PROCAD/AMAZONIA-PPGEUFAM/UFPA/UFMT, CAPES process 8881.314288/2019-0, it is articulated methodological and theoretically with interfaces between the scholar and educational psychology, upper and scholar education pedagogy. It acts in the direction of understanding 5he effects og cognitive and contextual variables about the academic achievement and wellness in the university. The methodology to data collection is the application of own instrument cards with the support of Googledocs, the actual sample is quantity of n=1112 students from 51 private and public universities of different countries (Brazil, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Mozambique, Angola, Venezuela, Colombia, Spain and Portugal), from both male and female genders, aging between 18 and 54 years-old. The data were analyzed with the support of software Excel and SPSS, according to the interests of researchers and investigation focus. The actual results show the importance of the research about the themes cited in the initiative considering the impacts of the studied variables over the academic performance and wellness of the students as the teachers and technicians from upper education. There were found differences between countries, income, ethnic and gender. In the cases of the teachers and technicians it was found evidences of female exhaustion. The results could support the general administration, educative and psychopedagogy coordination and in a wide range, looking forward the better successful academic indicators and wellness, through the proposition of new policies and management of upper education. Keywords: Educational Reserch, upper educatión, academic performance, wellness, upper educaciton mangement policies, compared education. &nbsp