Tratamiento con ustekinumab de placa de psoriasis moderada a severa cuando la escala de intensificación con adalimumab falla

La psoriasis es una enfermedad inflamatoria con un importante impacto en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Los tratamientos sistémicos convencionales para la psoriasis no son fármacos seguros y eficaces a largo plazo. Las novedades inmunológicas en las que están implicados los linfocitos T en la patogenia de la psoriasis ha orientado la investigación, mediante tecnología recombinante de ADN, a la búsqueda de nuevos fármacos que bloqueen pasos específicos de la formación de placas de psoriasis. Los tratamientos biológicos actúan inhibiendo la activación y maduración de las células presentadoras de antígeno, inhibiendo la activación y proliferación de los linfocitos T, desviando la respuesta inmune del tipo 1 al 2, reduciendo el número de linfocitos T de memoria activados y bloqueando la acción de las citocinas. Adalimumab y Ustekinumab son los tratamientos biológicos en los que vamos a enfocar este estudio

Estudios de osmoiniciacion de semillas de cebolla de bulbo (allium cepa l.)

El presente trabajo se realizó durante el segundo semestre de 1996 y el primer semestre de 1997. Se dividió en dos etapas: la primera se realizó en los laboratorios de Fisiología Vegetal de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Agronomía, en donde se establecieron los tratamientos de osmoiniciación; la segunda se realizó en los invernaderos del Centro de Investigaciones y Asesorías Agroindustriales de la Universidad Jorge Tadeo Lozano, en donde se establecieron los semilleros. En el ensayo se evaluaron 18 tratamientos de osmoiniciación utilizando PEG (6000) y KH2P04 en semillas de cebolla de bulbo (Allium cepa L.), con potenciales osmóticos de -0,5, -1,0 y -1,5 MPa, durante 5,10 y 15 días de imbibición. El diseño utilizado fue completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 2x3x3 y cuatro replicaciones. Se midieron las variables: 1) Porcentaje de germinación a los 5 días y a los 10 días, 2) porcentaje de emergencia a los 12 días, a los 17 días y a los 21 días, 3) Longitud de raíces, 4) Altura de planta, 5) Número de hojas, 6) Diámetro del bulbo, 7) Peso fresco y 8) Peso Seco. Se obtuvo mejor respuesta con el uso de KH2P04 en los porcentajes de germinación, en los porcentajes de emergencia y en la longitud de raíces.This trial was divided in two steps: the first step was conducted in the College of Agriculture, National University of Colombia, where the osmopriming treatment of onion seeds was conducted. The second step was carried out at the Research Center of the Jorge Tadeo Lozano University. Eighteen treatments of osmopriming were proved, by using PEG (6000) and KH2P04 with bulb onion seed (Allium cepa L.). Solutions with three osmotic potentials -0.5, -1.0 and -1.5 MPa were used and seeds were embebed for 5, 10 and 15 days. A Completely Randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 2x3x3 was used. The experiment was replicated four times. The variables measured wereo: 1) Percentage of germination 5 and 10 days after imbibition, 2)Percentage of emergence at 12,17 and 21 days after seeding, 3) Root length, 4) Plant height, 5) Number of leaves, 6) Bulb diameter, 7) Fresh weight, and 8) Dry weight. Percentage of germination, percentaqe of emergence and root length were higher withKH2P0

Analysis of the functional EEG network in an Ecuadorian schizophrenia sample

Background and objectives Higher mental functions depend on global functional coordination of the brain. Our aim was to study the baseline condition and modulation of functional networks in a previously unevaluated clinical population, compare the results with a population from another country, and analyze their relationship with cognitive functioning. Methods We evaluated the functioning of brain networks by EEG in 24 patients with schizophrenia and 32 healthy Ecuadorian controls. EEG recordings were made at rest and while performing a P300 task. Small world (SW), Path Length (PL), clustering coefficient (CLC) and connective strength (CS) values were calculated in both conditions. The values obtained were compared between groups, with the results of Spanish patients, and the relationship between the connective parameters and the cognitive performance of the participants was analyzed. Results Higher PL, CLC and CS values were identified in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to controls (in basal condition) and lower SW values in this same condition. Ecuadorian patients obtained higher values than Spanish patients in the PL and CLC parameters and lower values for the SW parameter, despite these differences, the pattern of alteration in both samples followed the same trend. Finally, the alteration of CS, SW, CLC and PL parameters at baseline was related to cognitive performance. Conclusion The connective alterations identified in Ecuadorian schizophrenic patients are consistent with those found in another sample with different genetic, environmental and cultural conditions. In addition, these alterations were associated with worse performance in different cognitive domains

Senses of Sen: Reflections on Amartya Sen’s Ideas of Justice

This review essay explores how Amartya Sen’s recent book, The Idea of Justice, is relevant and important for the development and assessment of transnational theories and applications to transnational justice and legal education programs. The essay captures a trans-jural dialogue of multinational scholars and teachers, discussing Sen’s contributions to moral justice theory (criticizing programs for “transcendental institutionalism” (like Rawlsian theory) and instead focusing on “comparative broadening” including empirical, relative, and comparative assessments of programs to ameliorate injustice in the world in its comparative concreteness (as in Indian social justice theory and Adam Smith’s Theory of Moral Sentiments and related work). The authors are professors in the transnational legal education program, the Center for Transnational Legal Studies, sponsored by over 25 different law schools, located in London. They teach courses in a wide variety of subjects, including comparative legal theory, constitutional law, business and legal ethics, moral and legal philosophy, international and comparative law, capital markets and business law, emergency powers, international dispute resolution and a variety of other common and civil law subjects

El fenómeno del dopaje desde la perspectiva de las Ciencias Sociales Odile

En este libro se recoge una selección de las comunicaciones presentadas en el IV Congreso Internacional ‘Deporte, Dopaje y Sociedad’ que se celebró en Madrid del 26 de febrero al 1 de marzo de 2014 y que fue organizado conjuntamente por la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la Agencia Española de Protección de la Salud en el Deporte. Los textos están escritos en español, francés e inglés y abordan el estudio del fenómeno del dopaje desde el ámbito especifico de las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales a través de disciplinas como Historia, Derecho, Sociología, Psicología, Economía, Ciencias de la Información y otras disciplinas relacionadas

Systematic Collaborative Reanalysis of Genomic Data Improves Diagnostic Yield in Neurologic Rare Diseases

Altres ajuts: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Salut; Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement i CERCA Program; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Instituto Nacional de Bioinformática; ELIXIR Implementation Studies (CNAG-CRG); Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa; European Regional Development Fund (FEDER).Many patients experiencing a rare disease remain undiagnosed even after genomic testing. Reanalysis of existing genomic data has shown to increase diagnostic yield, although there are few systematic and comprehensive reanalysis efforts that enable collaborative interpretation and future reinterpretation. The Undiagnosed Rare Disease Program of Catalonia project collated previously inconclusive good quality genomic data (panels, exomes, and genomes) and standardized phenotypic profiles from 323 families (543 individuals) with a neurologic rare disease. The data were reanalyzed systematically to identify relatedness, runs of homozygosity, consanguinity, single-nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and copy number variants. Data were shared and collaboratively interpreted within the consortium through a customized Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform, which also enables future data reinterpretation. Reanalysis of existing genomic data provided a diagnosis for 20.7% of the patients, including 1.8% diagnosed after the generation of additional genomic data to identify a second pathogenic heterozygous variant. Diagnostic rate was significantly higher for family-based exome/genome reanalysis compared with singleton panels. Most new diagnoses were attributable to recent gene-disease associations (50.8%), additional or improved bioinformatic analysis (19.7%), and standardized phenotyping data integrated within the Undiagnosed Rare Disease Program of Catalonia Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform functionalities (18%)

The general theory of form by Robert Summers (With regard to Robert S. Summers, Form and Function in a Legal Sytem. A general Study)

El propósito de este trabajo es introducir y analizar la teoría general de la forma, del profesor R. SUMMERS. Basándose en el concepto de forma (que el autor define como «ordenación sistemática y tendiente a un fin»), SUMMERS presenta una teoría ambiciosa de gran importancia epistemológica. Propone una nueva manera de contemplar el sistema jurídico, la perspectiva de la forma, al tiempo que subraya las insuficiencias de la perspectiva de la regla que caracteriza el pensamiento de iusfilósofos tan importantes como H. KELSEN o H. HART. Así, en el análisis de SUMMERS, las reglas no constituyen el elemento central, como es el caso en el positivismo jurídico tradicional, sino un tipo de unidad jurídica entre otras. Este artículo analiza tanto la dimensión estructural (anatómica) como funcional (fisiológica) de esta nueva teoría. Además, la sitúa dentro del marco de la filosofía jurídica contemporánea, en la que está llamada a ocupar una posición relevante.The purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyse professor R. SUMMERS’ general theory of form. Based on the concept of form (defined by the author as a «purposive systematic arrangement»), SUMMERS advances an ambitious theory of epistemological import. He proposes a new way to look at the legal system, the form-oriented approach, while underlying the insufficiencies of the rule oriented-approch that characterises the thought of central legal philosophers such as H. KELSEN and H. HART. Thus, in SUMMERS’ analysis, rules are not the dominant element, as it is the case in traditional legal positivism, but just one kind of legal unit among others. The paper analyses both the structural (anatomy) and functional (physiology) dimensions of the new formal theory of law. Furthermore, it puts the theory within the framework of contemporary legal philosophy, in which it is destined to be in a relevant position