Coeficiente emocional en niños y adolescentes de Boyacá, Colombia. Estudio comparativo

Este artículo analiza comparativamente la inteligencia emocional de niños y jóvenes estudiantes colombianos de dos rangos de edad, 8-10 y 11-16 años. La muestra del estudio fue de 1451 estudiantes de tres provincias del departamento de Boyacá. La investigación se realizó desde una perspectiva cuantitativa. Para la recolección de información se empleó el Inventario de Coeficiente Emocional: versión para jóvenes [EQ-i: YV]. Tanto la fiabilidad como la validez del EQ-i: YV fueron determinadas para esta muestra. Los principales resultados mostraron algunas diferencias en la inteligencia emocional según el rango de edad. Los niños obtuvieron mejores resultados que los adolescentes en las escalas de manejo del estrés y adaptabilidad.This article makes a comparative analysis of emotional intelligence of Colombian children and young students aged from 8 to 10 year-old and from 11 to 16 years-old. The study sample was 1451 students from three provinces in the Department of Boyacá. The research was carried out from a quantitative perspective. Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version [EQ-i: YV] was used for data collection. Both the reliability and the validity of the EQ-i: YV were determined for the sample. The main results showed some differences in emotional intelligence according to age range. Children achieved better results than adolescents in stress management and adaptability scales.Cet article présente une analyse comparative de l’intelligence émotionnelle des enfants et de jeunes élèves colombiens appartenant à deux groupes d’âge : de 8 à 10 ans et de 11 à 16 ans. L’échantillon de cette étude a été constitué par 1451 élèves de trois provinces du département de Boyacá. La recherche a été abordée d’un point de vue quantitatif. L’inventaire du quotient émotionnel : version pour les jeunes [EQ-i: YV] a été utilisé pour la collecte des données. Tant la fiabilité que la validité de l’EQ-i: YV ont été déterminées pour l’échantillon. Les principaux résultats ont montré certaines différences par rapport à l’intelligence émotionnelle en fonction des groupes d’âge. Les enfants ont enregistré de meilleurs résultats que les adolescents dans les barèmes de gestion du stress et d’adaptabilité

ED012. Potencial efecto del cambio climático en la biodiversidad de invertebrados del suelo en Yasuní

Climate change is a current global problem induced anthropically, which predicts drier and warmer future conditions with strong drought events and high temperatures for much of the Amazon region. Additionally, negative repercussions on ecosystem function mediated by the edaphic fauna (i.e decomposition of organic matter) are expected. Based on these projections, the focus of this study is on the impact of warming and drought on the structure of soil invertebrate communities in an Amazonian tropical forest through their response in terms of abundance, diversity, and functional groups to drought exposure and/or increased temperature. The experimental design was carried out in the Yasuní National Park, in an area of 15 × 20 m with 40 × 45 cm quadrants to expose them to a 3 °C increase in surface soil temperature and drought induction by installing small roofs that isolate water. Preliminary results are shown with the processing of 20 % of samples. The morphospecies under study were grouped into clusters according to their function. Additionally, the effect of the treatments was overlapped according to the NMDS (Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling) analysis, suggesting that there is little difference between them. Moreover, the most abundant groups were those of ants and mites. In this way, it will be possible to show if this trend is maintained or changed when processing 100 % of the samples. This research demonstrates that understanding soil biodiversity can help us reconnect ecosystem services with soil biodiversity, in search of maintaining a balance in their functions.El cambio climático es una problemática actual global inducida antrópicamente, que predice condiciones futuras más secas y cálidas con fuertes eventos de sequía y altas temperaturas para gran parte de la región amazónica. Adicionalmente, se esperan repercusiones negativas en la funcionalidad del ecosistema mediada por la fauna edáfica (ej. descomposición de la materia orgánica). En base a estas proyecciones, el enfoque de este estudio se centra en el impacto del calentamiento y sequía en la estructura de comunidades de invertebrados del suelo en un bosque tropical amazónico mediante su respuesta en términos de abundancia, diversidad y grupos funcionales ante la exposición a sequía y/o al aumento de temperatura. El diseño experimental se llevó a cabo en el Parque Nacional Yasuní, en un área de 15 × 20 m con cuadrantes de 40 × 45 cm para exponerlos a un aumento de 3 °C en la temperatura del suelo superficial y la inducción a la sequía instalando pequeños techos que aíslen el agua. Se muestran resultados preliminares con el procesamiento del 20 % de muestras. Las morfoespecies en estudio se agruparon en conglomerados acorde a su función. Adicionalmente, el efecto de los tratamientos se vio solapado según el análisis del NMDS (escalamiento multidimensional no métrico), lo que sugiere que existe poca diferencia entre ellos. Además, los grupos más abundantes fueron los de las hormigas y ácaros. De esta manera, se podrá evidenciar si esta tendencia se mantiene o cambia al procesar el 100 % de las muestras. Mediante esta investigación se demuestra que comprender la biodiversidad del suelo puede ayudarnos a reconectar los servicios de los ecosistemas con la biodiversidad edáfica, en búsqueda de mantener el equilibrio en sus funciones

Estudio geoarqueológico de cuevas mortuorias en Tamaulipas: análisis e interpretación de los restos materiales, bioculturales y paleoambientales

La investigación desarrollada en diferentes cavidades del estado de Tamaulipas (México), ha proporcionado numerosos restos óseos en muy buen estado de conservación, fragmentos de textiles, cestería y cordelería. Los resultados presentes de este proyecto de investigación suponen una importante aportación al conocimiento de las sociedades indígenas de la región y su entorno natural, contribuyendo a la caracterización e interpretación de sus componentes culturales. En el momento actual se está llevando a cabo el estudio de los datos obtenidos en las cuevas de la Sepultura y de las Calaveras, tanto en laboratorio (análisis físicoquímicos, sedimentológicos y cronológicos) como en gabinete (análisis cartográficos, de cerá- mica, óseos, bioclimáticos y geomorfológicos, topografía de cavidades). Entre las actividades que se han realizado destacamos: a) Localización y georreferenciación de las cavidades; b) Levantamientos espeleotopográficos; c) Prospección y recuperación de materiales arqueoló- gicos y muestreo geoarqueológico; d) Análisis bioclimático. Finalmente se constata que estas cavidades y sus yacimientos arqueológicos constituyen un sitio de gran potencial geoarqueológico clave en la investigación arqueológica futura del Estado de Tamaulipas (México).The research taken place in various caves in Tamaulipas Estate (Mexico), provide a lot of bone evidences in an excellent state of conservation, as well as fabrics, basketwork and twine-work fragments. The current results of this research project mean an important contribution to the knowledge of indigenous societies of the region and his natural environment what therefore contributes to the characterization and interpretation of their cultural components. At present it is carrying out the study of the obtained information in the Sepultura’s cave, the Calaveras’ cave, so much in laboratory (physic-chemical, sedimentologic and chronological analyses) as in geoarchaeological office (cartographic, of pottery, of bones, bioclimatic and geomorphological analyses; topography of caves). Among the activities that it is realized they stand out: a) Localization and georeference of caves; b) Geomorphological and speleo-topographic mappings; c) Prospecting and recovery of archaeological materials and geoarchaeological sampling; d) Bioclimatic analysis. Finally it is established that these caves and their archaeological sites are a place with a great archaeological potential, a key place in future archaeological research of Tamaulipas’ Estate (Mexico)

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors

Mutations in TRIM63 cause an autosomal-recessive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective: Up to 50% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) show no disease-causing variants in genetic studies. TRIM63 has been suggested as a candidate gene for the development of cardiomyopathies, although evidence for a causative role in HCM is limited. We sought to investigate the relationship between rare variants in TRIM63 and the development of HCM. Methods: TRIM63 was sequenced by next generation sequencing in 4867 index cases with a clinical diagnosis of HCM and in 3628 probands with other cardiomyopathies. Additionally, 3136 index cases with familial cardiovascular diseases other than cardiomyopathy (mainly channelopathies and aortic diseases) were used as controls. Results: Sixteen index cases with rare homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in TRIM63 (15 HCM and one restrictive cardiomyopathy) were included. No homozygous or compound heterozygous were identified in the control population. Familial evaluation showed that only homozygous and compound heterozygous had signs of disease, whereas all heterozygous family members were healthy. The mean age at diagnosis was 35 years (range 15-69). Fifty per cent of patients had concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and 45% were asymptomatic at the moment of the first examination. Significant degrees of late gadolinium enhancement were detected in 80% of affected individuals, and 20% of patients had left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Fifty per cent had non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Twenty per cent of patients suffered an adverse cerebrovascular event (20%). Conclusion: TRIM63 appears to be an uncommon cause of HCM inherited in an autosomal-recessive manner and associated with concentric LVH and a high rate of LV dysfunction

Measurement of the cosmic ray spectrum above 4×10184{\times}10^{18} eV using inclined events detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory

A measurement of the cosmic-ray spectrum for energies exceeding $4{\times}10^{18}$ eV is presented, which is based on the analysis of showers with zenith angles greater than $60^{\circ}$ detected with the Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013. The measured spectrum confirms a flux suppression at the highest energies. Above $5.3{\times}10^{18}$ eV, the "ankle", the flux can be described by a power law $E^{-\gamma}$ with index $\gamma=2.70 \pm 0.02 \,\text{(stat)} \pm 0.1\,\text{(sys)}$ followed by a smooth suppression region. For the energy ($E_\text{s}$) at which the spectral flux has fallen to one-half of its extrapolated value in the absence of suppression, we find $E_\text{s}=(5.12\pm0.25\,\text{(stat)}^{+1.0}_{-1.2}\,\text{(sys)}){\times}10^{19}$ eV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO