Modern technologies in working with gifted students

Intellectual potential acts as a driving force of social and economic development of the modern state. In a high-tech society, there is a significant increase in interest in identifying and implementing the intellectual abilities of young people. The purpose of the article is to review the experience of using modern educational technologies in working with gifted students. The paper explores the implementation of innovative technologies, including games, projects, and collaborative learning technologies. The use of project and game technologies allows to develop the creative potential of students, to form an experience of research and creative activity, to activate cognitive interest by combining theory and practice. Modern educational technologies expand the opportunities for the formation and development of children's giftedness. Giftedness is a high level of development of any abilities. They are a special resource that forms the basis of the country's competitiveness and potential, which is updated as socially significant in the context of the analysis of fundamental documents in the field of education. Educational technologies allow not only to have a purposeful educational impact on students but also to create a variable, enriched, individualized educational environment that promotes the development of independence and self-learning ability

Game technologies as a means of increasing the educational motivation of university students

Game technologies allow bringing the educational process as close as possible to professional activities, activating the cognitive interest of students in the study of professional disciplines. The purpose of the article is to analyze the experience of implementing gaming technologies in the preparation of students of higher educational institutions to increase their motivation for learning. Game technologies are a set of methods and techniques for organizing the educational process in the form of various games that stimulate cognitive activity. They allow you to simulate a real workflow and consolidate theoretical material. Motivation is defined as a set of internal motivations that explain the student’s behavior, orientation and activity in the educational process. Motivation acts as a continuous choice and decision-making based on weighing behavioral alternatives. The article presents a study of the impact of gaming technology on changing students' motivation. As a tool for the study of motivation, we used Dubovitskaya methodology for the diagnosis of motivation. The study reflects the impact of gaming technology on changing student motivation. The implementation of gaming technologies in the training of students of a higher educational institution helps to increase the motivation of students to study professional disciplines, the formation of professional competence

Formación de la capacidad de los estudiantes para la actividad cognitiva en el proceso de aprendizaje

Las profundas transformaciones que se han producido en el ámbito de la formación profesional de los estudiantes se han convertido en una respuesta a los cambios socioeconómicos del país. Los procesos innovadores tienen como objetivo satisfacer las necesidades del Estado y la sociedad en el desarrollo de un nuevo tipo de especialista capaz de pensar creativamente fuera de la caja. La formación de su potencial intelectual y competencia profesional se está convirtiendo en una tarea primordial para las instituciones educativas profesionales. Los procesos cognitivos, que incluyen creatividad, inteligencia y atención, actúan como base psicológica para la capacidad de los estudiantes de implementar soluciones innovadoras. El propósito del artículo es considerar la experiencia de la formación de la capacidad de los estudiantes para la actividad cognitiva como una de las actividades punteras en el desarrollo de la competencia de los estudiantes. Los procesos cognitivos son responsables del desempeño de la función cognitiva. La actividad cognitiva tiene como objetivo encontrar por parte del alumno soluciones a las tareas. En el proceso de esta actividad mental, el estudiante llega a comprender la esencia del problema y su solución. El estudio presenta la compleja dinámica de la actividad cognitiva, lo que propicia la aparición de soluciones innovadoras no estándar. Los resultados del estudio muestran un aumento en el nivel de actividad cognitiva de los estudiantes luego de la implementación de métodos, medios y tecnologías modernos en la formación de los estudiantes

Ferroelectric nanocomposites based on polymer ferroelectrics and graphene/oxide graphene: Computer modeling and SPFM experiments

The authors are thankful to the Russian Science Foundation (RSF grant # 16-19-10112) and to the Russian Foundation for Basic Researches (RFBR grants # 16-51-53917) for support. Prof. Xiang-Jian Meng expresses his gratitude to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) for support of the project: "The study on the new type of infrared detector based on ferroelectric tunnel junction"

Effective suckling in relation to naked maternal-infant body contact in the first hour of life: an observation study

Background Best practice guidelines to promote breastfeeding suggest that (i) mothers hold their babies in naked body contact immediately after birth, (ii) babies remain undisturbed for at least one hour and (iii) breastfeeding assistance be offered during this period. Few studies have closely observed the implementation of these guidelines in practice. We sought to evaluate these practices on suckling achievement within the first hour after birth. Methods Observations of seventy-eight mother-baby dyads recorded newborn feeding behaviours, the help received by mothers and birthing room practices each minute, for sixty minutes. Results Duration of naked body contact between mothers and their newborn babies varied widely from 1 to 60 minutes, as did commencement of suckling (range = 10 to 60 minutes). Naked maternal-infant body contact immediately after birth, uninterrupted for at least thirty minutes did not predict effective suckling within the first hour of birth. Newborns were four times more likely to sustain deep rhythmical suckling when their chin made contact with their mother’s breast as they approached the nipple (OR 3.8; CI 1.03 - 14) and if their mothers had given birth previously (OR 6.7; CI 1.35 - 33). Infants who had any naso-oropharyngeal suctioning administered at birth were six times less likely to suckle effectively (OR .176; CI .04 - .9). Conclusion Effective suckling within the first hour of life was associated with a collection of practices including infants positioned so their chin can instinctively nudge the underside of their mother’s breast as they approach to grasp the nipple and attach to suckle. The best type of assistance provided in the birthing room that enables newborns to sustain an effective latch was paying attention to newborn feeding behaviours and not administering naso-oropharyngeal suction routinely

ИММУНОМЕТАБОЛИЧЕСКИЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ ОСТРОМ ТОКСИЧЕСКОМ ПОРАЖЕНИИ ПЕЧЕНИ: КОРРЕКЦИЯ КСЕНОГЕННЫМИ И АЛЛОГЕННЫМИ ГЕПАТОЦИТАМИ

For correspondence: Konoplya Alexander Ivanovich. Address: 3,K. Marx St.,Kursk, 305041,Russian Federation. Tel.: job. (4712) 58-81-76; mob. (910) 317-87-88. E-mail: [email protected]. To study the corrective effects of allogeneic and xenogeneic hepatocytes on metabolic disturbances in acute liver toxicity.Material and methods. Investigations were carried out on 75 adult male Wistar rats weighing 120–160 g, 15 rats and 25 mice on the 5–6th days after birth. Acute toxic hepatitis (ATH) was modeled by intramuscular injection of carbon tetrachloride at a dose of 3 ml / kg as a 50% solution in olive oil, five times at 24-hour intervals. Isolating xenogeneic (mouse) and allogeneic hepatocytes was performed by method of Berry M.N., Friend D.S. The cell suspension was prepared daily and administered at a concentration of 2 × 106 /kg in recipients with ATH intraperitoneally, five times at 24-hour intervals, simultaneously with the first injection of hepatotropic poison.Results. Intoxication by carbon tetrachloride causes development of the biochemical syndromes of liver damage, activation of the functional metabolic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils and free-radical oxidation, breaks intraerythrocytic metabolism. The introduction of allogeneic hepatocytes in recipients with toxic hepatopathy is more efficiently compared with xenogeneic hepatocytes, it corrects local and systemic metabolic disturbances arising due to the impact of hepatotropic poison. Conclusion. Transplantation of xenogenic hepatocytes, and, to a greater extent, of allogenic hepatocytes in ATH conditions is an effective means to restore the functional metabolic activity of hepatocytes, neutrophils and erythrocytes. Цель – изучение корригирующих эффектов аллогенных и ксеногенных гепатоцитов на метаболические нарушения в условиях острого токсического поражения печени.Материал и методы. Исследования проведены на 75 половозрелых крысах-самцах Вистар массой 120–160 г, 15 крысах и 25 мышах на 5–6-й день после рождения. Острое токсическое поражение печени (ОТПП) моделировали путем внутримышечного введения четыреххлористого углерода в дозе 3 мл/кг в виде 50% раствора в оливковом масле пятикратно с интервалом 24 ч. Выделение ксеногенных (мышиных) и аллогенных гепатоцитов от новорожденных животных производилось по методике M.N. Berry, D.S. Friend. Суспензию клеток готовили ежедневно и вводили в концентрации 2 × 106 /кг реципиентам с ОТПП внутрибрюшинно, пятикратно, через 24 ч, одновременно с первой инъекцией гепатотропного яда.Результаты. Интоксикация четыреххлористым углеродом вызывает развитие биохимических синдромов поражения печени, активацию функциональнометаболической активности нейтрофилов периферической крови и свободно-радикального окисления, нарушает внутриэритроцитарный метаболизм. Введение аллогенных гепатоцитов реципиентам с токсической гепатопатией более эффективно по сравнению с ксеногенными гепатоцитами, корригирует системные и локальные метаболические нарушения, возникающие вследствие воздействия гепатотропного яда.Заключение. Трансплантация ксеногенных гепатоцитов, в большей степени аллогенных, в условиях ОТПП является эффективным средством по восстановлению функционально-метаболической активности гепатоцитов, нейтрофилов и эритроцитов.

ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ Q192R ГЕНА ПАРАОКСОНАЗЫ 1 И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ТЕРАПИИ АТОРВАСТАТИНОМ У БОЛЬНЫХ САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА

Study objective: to estimate efficiency of atorvastatin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who are the carrier of various genotypes Q192R paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1). 386 T2DM patients, who have not received statin therapy before, and 187 healthy people were examined. All those examined were exposed to blood lipid profile testing and molecular genetic research. The atorvastatin treatment group included 164 T2DM patients with abnormality of lipids, their blood lipid profile values were assessed before and after 3 months of the therapy. Blood lipid profile values did not differ in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) - the carriers of different Q192R genotypes of paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1) polymorphism. Atorvastatin therapy decreased atherogenic lipoprotein levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM) - the carriers of different Q192R genotypes of paraoxonase gene 1 (PON1) polymorphism, but reduction degree in the carriers of different Q192R genotypes differed - in Q192Q bearers it was greater than in the bearers of Q192R genotype of gene PON1 (р = 0,031). Atorvastatin 3-months therapy revealed greater reduction of total cholesterol in the carriers of Q192Q genotype of gene 1 (PON1) than in the carriers of Q192R genotype of gene 1 (PON1).Цель исследования - оценить эффективность терапии-аторвастатином у больныхсахарнымдиабетом 2 типа (СД 2 типа) - носителей различных генотипов Q192R полиморфизма гена параоксоназы 1 (PON1). Обследовано 386 пациентов с СД 2 типа, не получавших ранее терапию статинами и 187 практически здоровых людей. Всем включенным в исследование выполнен анализ крови на липидный спектр и проведено молекуллярно-генетическое обследование. В группу лечения аторвастатином вошли 164 пациента с СД 2 типа с дислипидемией.Показатели липидного спектра крови оценивались исходно и через 3 месяца терапии аторвастатином. У пациентов с СД 2 типа - носителей различных генотипов Q192R полиморфизма гена PON1 показатели липидного спектра крови не различались. Терапия аторвастатином сопровождалась достоверным снижением уровней атерогенных липопротеинов у больных сахарным диабетом 2 типа - носителей различных генотипов Q192R полиморфизма гена PON1, но степень снижения общего холестерина у носителей генотипа Q192Q была больше, чем у носителей генотипа Q192R гена PON1 (р = 0,031). У носителей генотипа Q192Q гена PON1 отмечено большее снижение уровня общего холестерина, чем у пациентов - носителей Q192R генотипа гена PON через 3 месяца лечения аторвастатином

Functional characterization and biological significance of Yersinia pestis lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes

The Gram negative bacterium Yersinia pestis is the etiological agent of flea transmitted fulminant systemic rodent zoonosis and the reason of the three devastating pandemics of plague Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) is an impor tant factor of pathogenicity of Gram negative bacteria. The full LPS molecule (S form LPS) consists of three well defined domains: i) lipid A composed of sugars, fatty acids, and phosphate; it represents the endotoxic princi ple of the LPS and anchors it in the outer membrane; ii) a core oligosaccharide containing charged groups; and iii) an O specific polysaccharide (O antigen), which carries ISSN 0006 2979, Biochemistry (Moscow), 2011, Vol. 76, No. 7, pp. 808 822. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2011. Published in Russian in Biokhimiya, 2011, Vol. 76, No. 7, pp. 989 1005 Abstract-In silico analysis of available bacterial genomes revealed the phylogenetic proximity levels of enzymes responsible for biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, to homologous proteins of closely relat ed Yersinia spp. and some other bacteria (Serratia proteamaculans, Erwinia carotovora, Burkholderia dolosa, Photorhabdus luminescens and others). Isogenic Y. pestis mutants with single or double mutations in 14 genes of LPS biosynthetic path ways were constructed by site directed mutagenesis on the base of the virulent strain 231 and its attenuated derivative. Using high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, the full LPS structures were elucidated in each mutant, and the sequence of monosaccharide transfers in the assembly of the LPS core was inferred. Truncation of the core decreased sig nificantly the resistance of bacteria to normal human serum and polymyxin B, the latter probably as a result of a less effi cient incorporation of 4 amino 4 deoxyarabinose into lipid A. Impairing of LPS biosynthesis resulted also in reduction of LPS dependent enzymatic activities of plasminogen activator and elevation of LD 50 and average survival time in mice and guinea pigs infected with experimental plague. Unraveling correlations between biological properties of bacteria and partic ular LPS structures may help a better understanding of pathogenesis of plague and implication of appropriate genes as potential molecular targets for treatment of plague

Возможности высокопольной магнитно-резонансной томографии в диагностике узловых образований щитовидной железы

The aim of the study was to evaluate the high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with nodular lesions of the thyroid before surgery. The study included 33 patients with benign lesions and 18 patients with histologically-verified thyroid cancer.The diagnostic value of high-field MRI was analyzed and differential-diagnostic criteria of thyroid nodules were determined in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,Проанализированы данные высокопольной магнитно-резонансной томографии, которая выполнялась в предоперационном периоде пациентам с узловыми образованиями щитовидной железы. В исследование были включены 33 пациента с доброкачественными образованиями, 18 пациентов с верифицированным раком щитовидной железы. Проведен анализ диагностической ценности высокопольной МРТ, выявлены дифференциально-диагностические критерии узловых образований щитовидной железыпри проведении МРТ с динамическим контрастированием