30 Jahre germanistische Phraseologieforschung

In this article, a summary of some of the most important lines of phraseological research within the last 30 years is given. Although the main perspective is German, many of the problems pointed at here will be general as German contributions to this research fi eld have played a most vital role within phraseological research as such. Subjects such as the “prehistory” of phraseological research, the much-discussed content of the term “phraseology”, the problem of phraseology vs. paremiology, phrasemes in texts, phraseology in dialects and national varieties, and cross-linguistic phraseology are touched upon. In concluding the article, the author regrets the fact that large parts of the English speaking world do not notice the dynamic scientifi c activities undertaken in the German speaking world with respect to phraseology

Automated splitting into batches for observational biomedical studies with sequential processing

Experimental design usually focuses on the setting where treatments and/or other aspects of interest can be manipulated. However, in observational biomedical studies with sequential processing, the set of available samples is often fixed, and the problem is thus rather the ordering and allocation of samples to batches such that comparisons between different treatments can be made with similar precision. In certain situations, this allocation can be done by hand, but this rapidly becomes impractical with more challenging cohort setups. Here, we present a fast and intuitive algorithm to generate balanced allocations of samples to batches for any single-variable model where the treatment variable is nominal. This greatly simplifies the grouping of samples into batches, makes the process reproducible, and provides a marked improvement over completely random allocations. The general challenges of allocation and why good solutions can be hard to find are also discussed, as well as potential extensions to multivariable settings.publishedVersio

Detecting single amino acids and small peptides by combining isobaric tags and peptidomics

Single amino acids and small endogenous peptides play important roles in maintaining a properly functioning organism. These molecules are however currently only routinely identified in targeted approaches. In a small proof-of-concept mass spectrometry experiment, we found that by combining isobaric tags and peptidomics, and by targeting singly charged molecules, we were able to identify a significant amount of single amino acids and small endogenous peptides using a basic mass-based identification approach. While there is still room for improvement, our simple test indicates that a limited amount of extra work when setting up the mass spectrometry experiment could potentially lead to a wealth of additional information.acceptedVersio

Einleitung des Sonderheftes: Die GLES Open Science Challenge 2021: Ein Pilotprojekt zur Anwendbarkeit von Registered Reports in der quantitativen Politikwissenschaft

The GLES Open Science Challenge 2021 was a pioneering initiative in quantitative political science. Aimed at increasing the adoption of replicable and transparent research practices, it led to this special issue. The project combined the rigor of registered reports—a new publication format in which studies are evaluated prior to data collection/access and analysis—with quantitative political science research in the context of the 2021 German federal election. This special issue, which features the registered reports that resulted from the project, shows that transparent research following open science principles benefits our discipline and substantially contributes to quantitative political science. In this introduction to the special issue, we first elaborate on why more transparent research practices are necessary to guarantee the cumulative progress of scientific knowledge. We then show how registered reports can contribute to increasing the transparency of scientific practices. Next, we discuss the application of open science practices in quantitative political science to date. And finally, we present the process and schedule of the GLES Open Science Challenge and give an overview of the contributions included in this special issue.Die GLES Open Science Challenge 2021 war ein Pilotprojekt in der quantitativen Politikwissenschaft, die darauf abzielte, die Akzeptanz von replizierbaren und transparenten Forschungspraktiken zu erhöhen. Dieses Sonderheft enthält die im Rahmen dieses Projektes entstandenen Artikel. Die GLES Open Science Challenge verband die strengen Regeln von Registered Reports – einem neuen Publikationsformat, bei dem Studien vor der Datenanalyse begutachtet werden – mit quantitativer Politikwissenschaft im Kontext der Bundestagswahl 2021. Die Beiträge dieses Sonderheftes zeigen, dass transparente Forschung, die den Prinzipien von Open Science folgt, unserer Disziplin zugutekommt und einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur quantitativen Politikwissenschaft leistet. In dieser Einleitung zum Sonderheft erläutern wir zunächst, warum transparentere Forschungspraktiken notwendig sind, um den kumulativen Fortschritt der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu gewährleisten. Dann zeigen wir auf, wie Registered Reports dazu beitragen können, die Transparenz wissenschaftlicher Praktiken zu erhöhen. Anschließend diskutieren wir die bisherige Anwendung von Open-Science-Praktiken in der quantitativen Politikwissenschaft. Nachfolgend stellen wir den Prozess und den Zeitplan der GLES Open Science Challenge vor und geben abschließend einen Überblick über die in diesem Sonderheft enthaltenen Beiträge

The GLES Open Science Challenge 2021: A Pilot Project on the Applicability of Registered Reports in Quantitative Political Science (Special Issue Introduction)

The GLES Open Science Challenge 2021 was a pioneering initiative in quantitative political science. Aimed at increasing the adoption of replicable and transparent research practices, it led to this special issue. The project combined the rigor of registered reports - a new publication format in which studies are evaluated prior to data collection/access and analysis - with quantitative political science research in the context of the 2021 German federal election. This special issue, which features the registered reports that resulted from the project, shows that transparent research following open science principles benefits our discipline and substantially contributes to quantitative political science. In this introduction to the special issue, we first elaborate on why more transparent research practices are necessary to guarantee the cumulative progress of scientific knowledge. We then show how registered reports can contribute to increasing the transparency of scientific practices. Next, we discuss the application of open science practices in quantitative political science to date. And finally, we present the process and schedule of the GLES Open Science Challenge and give an overview of the contributions included in this special issue.Die GLES Open Science Challenge 2021 war ein Pilotprojekt in der quantitativen Politikwissenschaft, die darauf abzielte, die Akzeptanz von replizierbaren und transparenten Forschungspraktiken zu erhöhen. Dieses Sonderheft enthält die im Rahmen dieses Projektes entstandenen Artikel. Die GLES Open Science Challenge verband die strengen Regeln von Registered Reports - einem neuen Publikationsformat, bei dem Studien vor der Datenanalyse begutachtet werden - mit quantitativer Politikwissenschaft im Kontext der Bundestagswahl 2021. Die Beiträge dieses Sonderheftes zeigen, dass transparente Forschung, die den Prinzipien von Open Science folgt, unserer Disziplin zugutekommt und einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur quantitativen Politikwissenschaft leistet. In dieser Einleitung zum Sonderheft erläutern wir zunächst, warum transparentere Forschungspraktiken notwendig sind, um den kumulativen Fortschritt der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu gewährleisten. Dann zeigen wir auf, wie Registered Reports dazu beitragen können, die Transparenz wissenschaftlicher Praktiken zu erhöhen. Anschließend diskutieren wir die bisherige Anwendung von Open-Science-Praktiken in der quantitativen Politikwissenschaft. Nachfolgend stellen wir den Prozess und den Zeitplan der GLES Open Science Challenge vor und geben abschließend einen Überblick über die in diesem Sonderheft enthaltenen Beiträge

Corrigendum: Assessment of Inadequate Use of Pediatric Emergency Medical Transport Services: The Pediatric Emergency and Ambulance Critical Evaluation (PEACE) Study

(...