Tissue specific expression of human fatty acid oxidation enzyme genes in late pregnancy

Background: Abnormal fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is associated with maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy. The contribution of maternal and fetal tissues to FAO capacity during late pregnancy is important to understand the pathophysiology of pregnancy-associated complications. The aim of this study was to determine the expression levels of mitochondrial FAO enzymes in maternal and fetal tissues during late normal pregnancy. Methods: We have measured by Real-time PCR the levels of long- and medium -chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD and MCAD), two acyl-CoA dehydrogenases that catalyze the initial step in the mitochondrial FAO spiral. Results: LCHAD and MCAD were expressed in maternal skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, placenta, and maternal and fetal blood cells. LCHAD gene expression was four- to 16-fold higher than MCAD gene expression in placenta, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In contrast, MCAD gene expression was ~5-fold higher in fetal blood than maternal blood (p = 0.02), whereas LCHAD gene expression was similar between fetal blood and maternal blood (p =0.91). Conclusions: LCHAD and MCAD are differentially expressed in maternal and fetal tissues during normal late pregnancy, which may represent a metabolic adaptation in response to physiological maternal dyslipidemia during late pregnancy.Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucía Num Expte: 0269/05

Prediction of neonatal respiratory morbidity by quantitative ultrasound lung texture analysis: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Prediction of neonatal respiratory morbidity may be useful to plan delivery in complicated pregnancies. The limited predictive performance of the current diagnostic tests together with the risks of an invasive procedure restricts the use of fetal lung maturity assessment. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the performance of quantitative ultrasound texture analysis of the fetal lung (quantusFLM) to predict neonatal respiratory morbidity in preterm and early-term (<39.0 weeks) deliveries. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective multicenter study conducted in 20 centers worldwide. Fetal lung ultrasound images were obtained at 25.0-38.6 weeks of gestation within 48 hours of delivery, stored in Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine format, and analyzed with quantusFLM. Physicians were blinded to the analysis. At delivery, perinatal outcomes and the occurrence of neonatal respiratory morbidity, defined as either respiratory distress syndrome or transient tachypnea of the newborn, were registered. The performance of the ultrasound texture analysis test to predict neonatal respiratory morbidity was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 883 images were collected, but 17.3% were discarded because of poor image quality or exclusion criteria, leaving 730 observations for the final analysis. The prevalence of neonatal respiratory morbidity was 13.8% (101 of 730). The quantusFLM predicted neonatal respiratory morbidity with a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 74.3% (75 of 101), 88.6% (557 of 629), 51.0% (75 of 147), and 95.5% (557 of 583), respectively. Accuracy was 86.5% (632 of 730) and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 6.5 and 0.3, respectively. CONCLUSION: The quantusFLM predicted neonatal respiratory morbidity with an accuracy similar to that previously reported for other tests with the advantage of being a noninvasive technique

Hepatocyte growth factor is elevated in amniotic fluid from obese women and regulates placental glucose and fatty acid metabolism

[Introduction]: To evaluate the impact of the pro-inflammatory cytokine hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on the regulation of glucose and lipid placental metabolism. [Methods]: HGF levels were quantified in amniotic fluid and placenta from control and obese women. 2-deoxy-glucose (2-DOG) uptake, glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), fatty acid esterification, de novo fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride levels and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activities (CPT) were measured in placental explants upon addition of pathophysiological HGF levels. [Results]: In obese women, total- and -activated-HGF levels in amniotic fluid were elevated ∼24%, and placental HGF levels were ∼3-fold higher than in control women. At a similar dose to that present in amniotic fluid of obese women, HGF (30 ng/mL) increased Glut-1 levels and 2-DOG uptake by ∼25-30% in placental explants. HGF-mediated effect on 2-DOG uptake was dependent on the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathway. In addition, HGF decreased ∼20% FAO, whereas esterification and de novo fatty acid synthesis increased ∼15% and ∼25% respectively, leading to 2-fold triglyceride accumulation in placental explants. In parallel, HGF reduced CPT-I activity ∼70%. [Discussion]: HGF is a cytokine elevated in amniotic fluid and placental tissue of obese women, which through its ability to stimulate 2-DOG uptake and metabolism impairs FAO and enhances esterification and de novo fatty acid synthesis, leading to accumulation of placental triglycerides.This study was supported by a grant from the Carlos III Health Institute (CP08/00106), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (SAF2009-11282) and the FP7-PEOPLE-2009-RG (PIRG06-GA-2009-25369) to GP; grant from the Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (N°0269/05.2005) to JLB; grant from the Carlos III Health Institute (PI11/00676) and grant from the Consejería de Salud, Junta de Andalucía (PI-0794-2010) to FB; grant from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (RYC-2011-08101) to IC.Peer Reviewe

Análisis de Factores Etiológicos : desencadenantes de alveolitis

Fil: Markiewicz, J. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Bugatto, A. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Mollo, L. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Katra, R. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Seni, S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.Fil: Puia, S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Ortodoncia; Argentina.La alveolitis dental se caracteriza por la aparición de dolor agudo que rodea al alvéolo postextracción, que aumenta de intensidad entre el primer y tercer día posterior a la cirugía, seguido por una pérdida parcial o total de coágulo, con o sin halitosis. Si bien su etiología se considera multifactorial, es muy controversial la responsabilidad que tienen los factores de riesgo en su desarrollo

Análisis de una Estrategia de Enseñanza Virtual Durante la Pandemia COVID-19

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina

Análisis de Datos Intra y Postquirúrgicos en Exodoncias Unitarias Realizadas por Alumnos de Grado de la FOUBA

Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Endodoncia. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I. Buenos Aires, Argentina