13 research outputs found
Identification of a Novel Response Regulator, Crr1, That Is Required for Hydrogen Peroxide Resistance in Candida albicans
Candida albicans colonises numerous niches within humans and thus its success as a pathogen is dependent on its ability to adapt to diverse growth environments within the host. Two component signal transduction is a common mechanism by which bacteria respond to environmental stimuli and, although less common, two component-related pathways have also been characterised in fungi. Here we report the identification and characterisation of a novel two component response regulator protein in C. albicans which we have named CRR1 (Candida Response Regulator 1). Crr1 contains a receiver domain characteristic of response regulator proteins, including the conserved aspartate that receives phosphate from an upstream histidine kinase. Significantly, orthologues of CRR1 are present only in fungi belonging to the Candida CTG clade. Deletion of the C. albicans CRR1 gene, or mutation of the predicted phospho-aspartate, causes increased sensitivity of cells to the oxidising agent hydrogen peroxide. Crr1 is present in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, and this localisation is unaffected by oxidative stress or mutation of the predicted phospho-aspartate. Furthermore, unlike the Ssk1 response regulator, Crr1 is not required for the hydrogen peroxide-induced activation of the Hog1 stress-activated protein kinase pathway, or for the virulence of C. albicans in a mouse model of systemic disease. Taken together, our data suggest that Crr1, a novel response regulator restricted to the Candida CTG clade, regulates the response of C. albicans cells to hydrogen peroxide in a Hog1-independent manner that requires the function of the conserved phospho-aspartate
The Development of Russian Environmental Thought: Scientific and Geographical Perspectives on the Natural Environment. By Jonathan D. Oldfield and Denis J. B. Shaw . London: Routledge, 2016. xi, 196. Notes. Bibliography. Glossary. Index. Figures. Tables. Photographs. Maps. $160.00, hard bound.
Ot tsarskikh sadov do sovetskikh polei: Istoriia sel'skokhoziaistvennykh opytnykh uchrezhdenii XVlII-20-e gody XX veka. By Ol'ga Elina. 2 vols. Moscow: Egmont Russia, 2008. Vol. 1, 479 pp.; Vol. 2, 487 pp. Appendixes. Notes. Bibliography. Index. Illustrations. Photographs. Figures. Tables. Maps. Rubles 900.00, hard bound.
Connecting people and ideas from around the world: global innovation platforms for next-generation ecology and beyond
We present a case for using Global Community Innovation Platforms (GCIPs), an approach to improve innovation and knowledge exchange in international scientific communities through a common and open online infrastructure. We highlight the value of GCIPs by focusing on recent efforts targeting the ecological sciences, where GCIPs are of high relevance given the urgent need for interdisciplinary, geographical, and cross-sector collaboration to cope with growing challenges to the environment as well as the scientific community itself. Amidst the emergence of new international institutions, organizations, and meetings, GCIPs provide a stable international infrastructure for rapid and long-term coordination that can be accessed by any individual. This accessibility can be especially important for researchers early in their careers. Recent examples of early-career GCIPs complement an array of existing options for early-career scientists to improve skill sets, increase academic and social impact, and broaden career opportunities. We provide a number of examples of existing early-career initiatives that incorporate elements from the GCIPs approach, and highlight an in-depth case study from the ecological sciences: the International Network of Next-Generation Ecologists (INNGE), initiated in 2010 with support from the International Association for Ecology and 20 member institutions from six continents
Venous sinus stenting shortens the duration of medical therapy for increased intracranial pressure secondary to venous sinus stenosis
INTRODUCTION: Medical treatment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting, and optic nerve sheath fenestration are standard treatments for increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Venous sinus stenting provides a novel alternative surgical treatment in cases of venous sinus stenosis with elevated ICP. METHODS: 12 consecutive subjects with papilledema, increased ICP, and radiological signs of dural sinus stenosis underwent cerebral venography and manometry. All subjects had papilledema and demonstrated radiological evidence of dural venous sinus stenosis. RESULTS: Six subjects chose venous stenting (Group A) and six declined and were managed conservatively with oral acetazolamide (Group B). The relative pressure gradient across the venous narrowing was 29±16.3â
mmâ
Hg in Group A and 17.6±9.3â
mmâ
Hg in Group B (p=0.09). The mean lumbar puncture opening pressure was 40.4±7.6â
cmâ
HO in Group A and 35.6±10.6â
cmâ
HO in Group B (p=0.4). Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) showed mean average retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of 210±44.8â
”m in Group A and 235±124.7â
”m in Group B. However, the mean average RNFL thickness at 6â
months was 85±9â
”m in Group A and 95±24â
”m in Group B (p=0.6). The total duration of acetazolamide treatment was 188±209â
days in Group A compared with 571±544â
days in Group B (p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS: In subjects with venous sinuses stenosis, endovascular stenting offers an effective treatment option for intracranial hypertension which may shorten the duration of medical therapy
Ohio History Fall 2017
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Contents for Volume 124, Number 2, Fall 2017
Contributors ...... 4
Ladies of Lockbourne: Women Airforce Service Pilots and the Mighty B-17 Flying Fortress
Jenny Sage ...... 5
Pathmakers: James and Mary Jane McCleery
Lawrence S. Freund ...... 28
From the Parish Hall to the Union Hall: Catholic Labor Education in Cleveland
Paul Lubienecki ...... 49
Book Reviews ...... 85
Cover image courtesy of the National Archives.</p
Ohio History 2012
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Contents for Volume 119, 2012
Streetcar Politics and Reform Government in Cleveland, 1880â1909
Robert Bionaz ...... 5
Clevelandâs Iron Ore Merchants and the Lake Superior Iron Ore Trade, 1855â1900
Terry S. Reynolds ...... 30
The Role of the Business Press in the Commercial Life of Cincinnati, 1831â1912
Bradford W. Scharlott ...... 61
The Flexibility of Freedom: Slavery and Servitude in Early Ohio
James J. Gigantino II ...... 89
âIndustry, Enterprize and Energyâ: Caleb Atwater and the Meaning of Ohio
Shawn Selby ...... 101
Book Reviews 119
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