Trabajo práctico: Plan de Comunicación para el grupo musical "Suave" para el año 2020

El presente trabajo de fin de grado estará enfocado en crear una propuesta práctica de plan de comunicación para apoyar el lanzamiento del proyecto musical “Suave 2020”, un grupo musical de estilo urbano cuya principal forma de difusión serán las nuevas tecnologías, las plataformas digitales y las redes sociales que tan importantes e influyentes se han tornado en nuestros días. Hablamos de plataformas tales como Youtube, Spotify, iTunes Instagram oTwitter.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Pública

Microbiología. Aspectos fundamentales

El estudio del mundo microbiano se constituye en tema apasionante para quienes llevados por manifestaciones visibles tienen la paciencia y la sutileza para buscar lo supuestamente invisible, hasta encontrar dentro de la aparente sencillez la complejidad morfológica, estructural y funcional que capacita a los microorganismos para manifestarse como fuerza ecológica capaz de transformar el entorno con resultados positivos y beneficiosos, en la mayoría de las veces.Pero si hoy causa excitación la observación del sinnúmero de formas y el análisis de comportamientos, suscitan perplejidad y entusiasmo los relatos que se hacen acerca de la labor de los pioneros que con escasa formación académica, algunos, y exhibiendo gran creatividad, dados los exiguos recursos y avances tecnológicos de su época, lograron implementar metodologías de estudio y aplicación de resultados que hoy siguen salvando vidas y garantizando el bienestar de la humanidad. Esa pléyade de genios admirables que consiguió tanto con tan poco, permite afirmar que nunca un grupo tan pequeño de hombres logró salvar tantas vidas.PresentaciónIntroducciónCapítulo IDesarrollo histórico de la MicrobiologíaCapítulo IIAnatomía y morfología microbianasCapítulo IIIMetabolismo microbianoCapítulo IV Catabolismo y anabolismo Capítulo V Bacterias fitopatógenasCapítulo VILos micoplasmas o mollicutes: fitoplasmasCapítulo VIILos hongosCapítulo VIII Virus, viroides y prionesGlosarioBibliografí

Access to liver transplant for women in Spain: a national registry analysis.

Background and aims: Gender inequities in liver transplantation (LT) have been documented recently in several studies. Providing national data is crucial as poorer access to liver transplantation for women than men might be explained by different analytical approaches or different national contexts. Our aim was to describe the recipient profile over time in Spain, particularly regarding potential sex-related differences in access to LT. Method: All adult patients registered in the RETH-Spanish Liver Transplant Registry from 2000 to 2018 for LT were included. Baseline demographics, presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cause and severity of liver disease, time on the waiting list (WL), access to transplantation, and reasons for removal fromthe WL were assessed. Results: 9427 patients were analyzed (77.6% men, 55.3 ± 8.6 years of age). Mean MELD score was reported for 3404 patients (36.1%), and was 16.5 ± 5.8. Women were less likely to receive a transplant than men (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73, 0.97) and more likely to be excluded for deterioration (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02, 1.44), despite similar liver disease severity (MELD score 16.6 ± 5.8 vs 16.5 ± 5.8 respectively, N.S) and only a slightly longer mean time on the WL (244 ± 398 days for women vs 213 ± 324 for men, p = 0.001). In recent years, this difference in access to LT was less significant (before 2011 women’s HR for exclusionwas 1.51 [95% CI 1.01, 2.26] vs 1.17 [95% CI 0.97, 1.41] after 2011) and could be attributed to overall shorter mean WL times after 2011 (398 ± 602 vs 154 ± 217 days respectively, p < 0.001). When analyzed by MELD, WL times were similar by sex for patients with scores under 16 or above 20, but women had significantly longer mean WL times than men with MELD scores 16–20 (270 ± 267 vs 211 ± 207 days respectively, p < 0.001). Women were shorter (170.5 ± 9.7 vs 158.5 ± 9.8 cm) but had a similar BMI compared to men. Inwomen, the main indications for transplant were cholestatic liver diseases, autoimmune hepatitis and NASH, whilst in men it was alcohol (p < 0.001). Women had less HCC than men (27.1 vs 16.6%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Shorter WL times contribute to a more equal access to LT by sex, as it prevents women from deteriorating while waiting and therefore being excluded from the list.post-print1540 K

Advancing in the Self-Determination of young people with intellectual disability: Design of AUTODDIS

Resumen: La autodeterminación es uno de los constructos de mayor importancia para fomentar el bienestar y la autonomía de las personas con discapacidad intelectual, a quienes tradicionalmente se les ha negado la oportunidad de ser agentes causales de sus propias vidas. A pesar de la importancia de este tema, existe aún una gran escasez de herramientas que permitan evaluar la autodeterminación y que ofrezcan información útil para elaborar planes de intervención específicos. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en elaborar una escala objetiva de evaluación de la autodeterminación para jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual. Realizar un estudio Delphi con todos los agentes implicados (profesionales, familiares y personas con discapacidad) permitió crear un amplio pool de ítems que se aplicó a 165 participantes. Los datos ponen de manifiesto que la escala resultante cuenta con evidencias empíricas de validez y fiabilidad que garantizan la importancia de continuar investigando en esta línea.Abstract: Self-determination is one of the most important constructs for the welfare and autonomy of people with intellectual disabilities, who have traditionally had a lack of opportunities to be causal agents of their own lives. Despite the importance of this construct, there is not enough tools available to evaluate self-determination and offer useful information to prepare specific intervention plans. The aim of this work is to develop an objective assessment scale of self-determination for young people and adults with intellectual disabilities. Conducting a Delphi study with all the agents involved (professionals, family members and people with disabilities) allowed us to create a wide pool of items that were then applied to 165 participants. Data show that this scale has empirical evidences of validity and reliability that guarantees the importance of continuing this line of research

Effect of Rootstock on the Volatile Profile of Mandarins

Mandarin production has increased in recent years, especially for fresh consumption, due to its ease of peeling, its aroma, and its content of bioactive compounds. In this sense, aromas play a fundamental role in the sensory quality of this fruit. The selection of the appropriate rootstock is crucial for the success of the crop and its quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the influence of 9 rootstocks (“Carrizo citrange”, “Swingle citrumelo CPB 4475”, “Macrophylla”, “Volkameriana”, “Forner-Alcaide 5”, “Forner-Alcaide V17”, “C-35”, “Forner-Alcaide 418”, and “Forner-Alcaide 517”) on the volatile composition of “Clemenules” mandarin. For this, the volatile compounds of mandarin juice were measured using headspace solid-phase micro-extraction in a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Seventy-one volatile compounds were identified in the analyzed samples, with limonene being the main compound. The results obtained showed that the rootstock used in the cultivation of mandarins affects the volatile content of the juice, with “Carrizo citrange”, “Forner-Alcaide 5”, “Forner-Alcaide 418”, and “Forner-Alcaide 517” being those that presented the highest concentration

Women Are Also Disadvantaged in Accessing Transplant Outside the United States: Analysis of the Spanish Liver Transplantation Registry

Sex inequities in liver transplantation (LT) have been documented in several, mostly US-based, studies. Our aim was to describe sex-related differences in access to LT in a system with short waiting times. All adult patients registered in the RETH-Spanish Liver Transplant Registry (2000–2022) for LT were included. Baseline demographics, presence of hepatocellular carcinoma, cause and severity of liver disease, time on the waiting list (WL), access to transplantation, and reasons for removal from the WL were assessed. 14,385 patients were analysed (77% men, 56.2 ± 8.7 years). Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score was reported for 5,475 patients (mean value: 16.6 ± 5.7). Women were less likely to receive a transplant than men (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63, 0.97) with a trend to a higher risk of exclusion for deterioration (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.99, 1.38), despite similar disease severity. Women waited longer on the WL (198.6 ± 338.9 vs. 173.3 ± 285.5 days, p &lt; 0.001). Recently, women’s risk of dropout has reduced, concomitantly with shorter WL times. Even in countries with short waiting times, women are disadvantaged in LT. Policies directed at optimizing the whole LT network should be encouraged to guarantee a fair and equal access of all patients to this life saving resource

Escala AUTODDIS: Evaluación de la autodeterminación de jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual. Manual de aplicación y corrección

[ES]La Escala AUTODDIS que se presenta en este manual permite evaluar la autodeterminación de jóvenes y adultos con discapacidad intelectual mediante un heteroinforme; es decir, a través de la información proporcionada por una tercera persona que conoce bien a la persona con discapacidad intelectual evaluada. La utilización de la Escala AUTODDIS permitirá el desarrollo de iniciativas ajustadas orientadas a la promoción de su autodeterminación, fomentando así el aumento necesario de prácticas basadas en evidencias empíricas

Vaccination adjuvated against hepatitis B in Spanish National Healthcare System (SNS) workers typed as non-responders to conventional vaccines

[EN] Trial Design: An interventional, phase 4, single group assignment, without masking (open label), preventive clinical trial was carried out in health workers with biological risk in their tasks, who have been filed as non-responders to conventional vaccination against Hepatitis B. Methods: 67 health workers with biological risk in their tasks, who have been filed as non-responders to conventional vaccination against Hepatitis B, were enrolled in the Clinical Trial. All participants were from 18 years up to 64 years old. Inclusion Criteria: NHS workers -including university students doing their internships in health centres dependent on the National Health System (inclusion of students is regulated and limited by specific instructions on labour prevention in each autonomous community)- classified as non-responders. The criteria defining them as non-responders to the conventional hepatitis B vaccine is anti HBsAb titers < 10 mUI/ml following the application of six doses of conventional vaccine at 20 lg doses (two complete guidelines). The objective of this study was to provide Health workersstaff with an additional protection tool against hepatitis B infection, and to evaluate the efficacy of the adjuvanted vaccine in healthy non-responders to conventional hepatitis B vaccine. The primary outcome was the measurement of antibody antiHBs before the first Fendrix dose and a month after the administration of each dose. Other outcome was collection of adverse effects during administration and all those that could be related to the vaccine and that occur within 30 days after each dose. In this study, only one group was assigned. There was no randomization or masking. Results: The participants were recruited between April 13, 2018 and October 31, 2019. 67 participants were enrolled in the Clinical Trial and included the analyses. The primary immunisation consists of 4 separate 0.5 ml doses of Fendrix , administered at the following schedule: 1 month, 2 months and 6 months from the date of the first dose. Once the positivity was reached in any of the doses, the participant finished the study and was not given the following doses. 68.66% (46 out 67) had a positive response to first dose of Fendrix. 57.14% (12 out 21) had a positive response to second dose of Fendrix . 22.22% (2 out 9) had a positive response to third dose of Fendrix and 42.96% (3 out 7) had a positive response to last dose of Fendrix. Overall, 94.02% (64 out 67) of participants had a positive response to Fendrix . No serious adverse event occurred. Conclusions: The use of Fendrix , is a viable vaccine alternative for NHS workers classified as ‘‘nonresponders”. Revaccination of healthy non-responders with Fendrix, resulted in very high proportions of responders without adverse events. Trial registration: The trial was registered in the Spanish National Trial Register (REEC), ClinicalTrials.gov and inclusion has been stopped (identifier NCT03410953; EudraCT-number 2016-004991-23). Funding: GRS 1360/A/16: Call for aid for the financing of research projects in biomedicine, health management and socio-health care to be developed in the centres of the Regional Health Management of Autonomous Community of Castile-Leon. In addition, this work has been supported by the Spanish Platform for Clinical Research and Clinical Trials, SCReN (Spanish Clinical Research Network), funded by the Subdirectorate General for Research Evaluation and Promotion of the Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), through the project PT13/0002/0039 and project PT17/0017/0023 integrated in the State Plan for R&D&I 2013–2016 and co-financed by and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Enhanced mitochondrial activity reshapes a gut microbiota profile that delays NASH progression

[EN] Background and Aims: Recent studies suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction promotes progression to NASH by aggravating the gut-liver status. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we hypothesized that enhanced mitochondrial activity might reshape a specific microbiota signature that, when transferred to germ-free (GF) mice, could delay NASH progression. Approach and Results: Wild-type and methylation-controlled J protein knockout (MCJ-KO) mice were fed for 6 weeks with either control or a choline-deficient, L-amino acid–defined, high-fat diet (CDA-HFD). One mouse of each group acted as a donor of cecal microbiota to GF mice, who also underwent the CDA-HFD model for 3 weeks. Hepatic injury, intestinal barrier, gut microbiome, and the associated fecal metabolome were then studied. Following 6 weeks of CDA-HFD, the absence of methylation-controlled J protein, an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I activity, reduced hepatic injury and improved gut-liver axis in an aggressive NASH dietary model. This effect was transferred to GF mice through cecal microbiota transplantation. We suggest that the specific microbiota profile of MCJ-KO, characterized by an increase in the fecal relative abundance of Dorea and Oscillospira genera and a reduction in AF12, Allboaculum, and [Ruminococcus], exerted protective actions through enhancing short-chain fatty acids, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism, and sirtuin activity, subsequently increasing fatty acid oxidation in GF mice. Importantly, we identified Dorea genus as one of the main modulators of this microbiota-dependent protective phenotype. Conclusions: Overall, we provide evidence for the relevance of mitochondria–microbiota interplay during NASH and that targeting it could be a valuable therapeutic approach.S