A ideologia da cultura brasileira nas universidades

The article seeks to understand, in the light of intellectuals Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Darcy Ribeiro and Paulo Duarte, how their interlocutions about Brazilian culture built a given university culture in Brazil. From his writings and testimonies, he observes the desire of the three to act in the poles of national construction. We also focus on the devices used by the characters in question to make their insertion in the intended intellectual sayability regime effective, infused in the statements and meanings of the university.O artigo busca perceber, à luz dos intelectuais Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Darcy Ribeiro e Paulo Duarte, como suas interlocuções a respeito da cultura brasileira construíram uma dada cultura universitária no Brasil. A partir de seus escritos e depoimentos, observa o desejo dos três em atuar nos polos da construção nacional. Focamos, ainda, nos dispositivos utilizados pelos personagens em questão para tornarem efetiva sua inserção no regime de dizibilidade intelectual pretendido, infundido nos enunciados e nos significados da universidade

Para além da Educação a Distância: Práticas Formativas e Relacionais em um Curso de Ciências Biológicas

As práticas de formação que incentivam o desenvolvimento das habilidades afetivas em estudantes têm sido avaliadas no contexto de ensino a distância no Brasil. O estudo tem como objetivo apresentar práticas formativas e relacionais desenvolvidas no curso de Ciências Biológicas na modalidade a distância de uma universidade estadual no Ceará. É um estudo descritivo-reflexivo em forma de estudo de caso que discute experiências em andamento, sendo estas: Monitoria Acadêmica; Vida em Foco; Ciência na Escola e Musicalizando a Biologia. As atividades têm procurado desenvolver nos alunos o espírito de colaboração e da experiência de realidade em que, em um curto espaço de tempo, estarão inseridos. Acredita-se que, dessa forma, se permite um ensino mais crítico e reflexivo, no qual novas ferramentas são oportunizadas e que podem romper a hierarquia ainda persistente entre professores e alunos. Palavras-chave: Ensino; Atitude; Educação a distância; Educação superior; Tecnologia da educação.Beyond the Distance Education: Formation and Relational Practice in a Biological Sciences CourseAbstract Training practices that encourage the development of affective skills in students have been valued in the context of distance learning (DL) in Brazil. The study aims to provide formative and relational practices developed in the course of Biological Sciences in the distance mode of a state university in Ceara. It is descriptive-reflective research in the form of case study that discusses the following ongoing experiments: Academic Monitoring; Life in Focus; Science in School and Musicalizing Biology. The activities have sought to develop in students the spirit of collaboration and the experience of reality in which they, in a short time, will be placed. It is believed that  this way allows more critical and reflective teaching, in which new tools become available for DL that will break the persistent hierarchy between teachers and students.Keywords: Teaching; Attitude; Distance education; Higher education; Education technology

Autonomia Criativa em Educação a Distância: Uso do Flipsnack em um Curso de Ciências Biológicas

A aprendizagem autônoma é um dos fundamentos da educação a distância. Recursos tecnológicos importantes que permitem o desenvolvimento do poder de decisão e utilização de estratégias criativas devem ser estimulados para os alunos. Este é um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa que descreve as experiências iniciais e as percepções de tutores sobre as dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos com o uso de flipsnack, uma ferramenta que permite a criação e publicação de e-books, focando o desenvolvimento da criatividade e autonomia. Acredita-se que esta ferramenta vai contribuir para a formação acadêmica, oferecendo oportunidades para o desenvolvimento da autonomia criativa e seu papel fundamental na sua prática de ensino profissional.  Palavras-chave: Ensino; Educação a distância; Educação superior; Tecnologia da educação; Autonomia profissional. Creative Autonomy in Distance Education: Flipsnack Use in a Biological Sciences CourseAbstract Autonomous learning is one of the foundations of distance education (DE). Important technological features that allow the development of power of decision and the use of creative strategies must be stimulating for the students. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that describes the initial experiences and tutors perceptions of difficulties presented by students with use of flipsnack, a tool that permits the creation and publication of e-books, which focuses on the development of creativity and autonomy. It is believed that this tool will contribute to academic training, providing opportunities for the development of creative autonomy and its fundamental role in their professional teaching practice.  Keywords: Teaching; Distance education; Higher education; Education Technology; Professional Autonomy

Phylogenetic analysis of rabies surveillance samples from north and northeast Brazil

Viruses of the Lyssavirus genus are classified into several genotypes (GT1 to GT7), of which only GT1 (classic rabies virus—RABV) has a cosmopolitan distribution and circulates in Brazil. GT1 is subdivided into several antigenic variants (AgV) maintained in independent cycles with a narrow host range and distinct geographic distributions, namely, AgV1 and AgV2 found in dogs, AgV3 in the vampire bats Desmodus rotundus, and AgV4 and AgV6 in bats non-hematophagous Tadarida brasiliensis and Lasiurus cinereus, a common variant of marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), and crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). In this study, we performed phylogenetic analysis to identify at the antigenic variant level; six RABV genomes derived from the Rabies Surveillance in the north and northeast regions of Brazil. The analysis resulted in the formation of 11 monophyletic clusters, each corresponding to a particular variant, with high bootstrap support values. The samples were positioned inside the AgV3, AgV6, and Callithrix variant clades. This is the first report of the AgV6 variant found in northern Brazil, which provides valuable information for rabies surveillance in the country. The possibility of viral spillover has been much debated, as it deals with the risk of shifting transmission from a primary to a secondary host. However, more genomic surveillance studies should be performed, with a greater number and diversity of samples to better understand the transmission dynamics of each variant to detect changes in its geographic distribution and spillover events

A ideologia da cultura brasileira nas universidades

The article seeks to understand, in the light of intellectuals Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Darcy Ribeiro and Paulo Duarte, how their interlocutions about Brazilian culture built a given university culture in Brazil. From his writings and testimonies, he observes the desire of the three to act in the poles of national construction. We also focus on the devices used by the characters in question to make their insertion in the intended intellectual sayability regime effective, infused in the statements and meanings of the university.O artigo busca perceber, à luz dos intelectuais Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Darcy Ribeiro e Paulo Duarte, como suas interlocuções a respeito da cultura brasileira construíram uma dada cultura universitária no Brasil. A partir de seus escritos e depoimentos, observa o desejo dos três em atuar nos polos da construção nacional. Focamos, ainda, nos dispositivos utilizados pelos personagens em questão para tornarem efetiva sua inserção no regime de dizibilidade intelectual pretendido, infundido nos enunciados e nos significados da universidade

O Lazer da População de Terceira Idade na Base da Pirâmide: Fatores que Contribuem para o seu Consumo

O comportamento de consumidores de baixa renda e de terceira idade é a temática do presente artigo. Estudos sobre a chamada base da pirâmide têm tido um crescimento significativo durante os últimos anos. Além disso, vários fatores apontam para o provável crescimento da população brasileira de terceira idade, em decorrência de tendências demográficas, investimentos em políticas públicas, avanços na medicina e melhoria nas condições de vida. Buscou-se investigar as teorias sobre o comportamento de consumidores de baixa renda e de terceira idade, e procurou, a partir delas, compreender como esses grupos se comportam em relação ao lazer. Nesse sentido, apresentamos resultados de uma pesquisa que buscou identificar fatores que contribuem para o consumo de produtos e serviços de lazer por esse segmento da população, com vistas a identificar os fatores que contribuem para o consumo de produtos e serviços de lazer por esse segmento da população. A pertinência do artigo está na sugestão de subsídios úteis para a tomada de decisões de investimentos voltados para o lazer a partir de estratégias de marketing direcionadas ao segmento de terceira idade na base da pirâmide. O objeto desse estudo é avançar no conhecimento do tema, contribuindo para a construção de novas proposições de pesquisa

Moringa oleifera inhibits growth of Candida spp. and Hortaea werneckii isolated from Macrobrachium amazonicum prawn farming with a wide margin of safety

This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of M. oleifera extracts against fungi isolated from farmed prawns and test the toxicity of the extracts on larvae of Macrobrachium amazonicum. The ethanol extracts of pods, seeds, leaves, stems and flowers and chloroform extract of flowers of M. oleifera were tested against 14 strains of Candida spp. and 10 strains of Hortaea werneckii isolated from farming water and the digestive tract of M. amazonicum. Antifungal activity was determined by microdilution, based on the M27-A3 and M38-A2 CLSI documents. Toxicity was evaluated by exposing larvae of M. amazonicum at concentrations between 10-1000mg mL-1, counting dead larvae (CL50) after 24 hours. The best results were verified with the chloroform extract of flowers, acting against all tested strains, with MICs ranging from 0.019 to 2.5 mg mL-1. Ethanol extracts of leaves, flowers and seeds acted against 22/24, 21/24 and 20/24 strains, respectively. The extract of pods was only effective against strains of Candida spp. (14/24) and extract of stem only against four strains of H. werneckii (4/24). Extracts of seeds, flowers (chloroform fraction), stems and leaves showed low or no toxicity, whereas extracts of pods and flowers (ethanol fraction) showed moderate toxicity. Thus, the antifungal activity of these extracts agaisnt Candida spp. and H. werneckii was observed, a wide margin of safety for larvae of M. amazonicum, demonstrating to be promising for the sustainable management of effluents from M. amazonicum farmin

Synergistic Effect of Antituberculosis Drugs and Azoles In Vitro against Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum▿

This study evaluated in vitro interactions of antituberculosis drugs and triazoles against Histoplasma capsulatum. Nine drug combinations, each including an antituberculosis drug (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, or ethambutol) plus a triazole (itraconazole, fluconazole, or voriconazole), were tested against both growth forms of H. capsulatum. Stronger synergistic interactions were seen in isoniazid or pyrazinamide plus triazoles for the mold form and ethambutol plus voriconazole for the yeast-like form. Further studies should evaluate these combinations in vivo

Portuguese-Brazilian evidence-based guideline on the management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: In current management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cardiovascular and renal prevention have become important targets to be achieved. In this context, a joint panel of four endocrinology societies from Brazil and Portugal was established to develop an evidence-based guideline for the treatment of hyperglycemia in T2DM. Methods: MEDLINE (via PubMed) was searched for randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies related to diabetes treatment. When there was insufficient high-quality evidence, expert opinion was sought. Updated positions on treatment of T2DM patients with heart failure (HF), atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and patients with no vascular complications were developed. The degree of recommendation and the level of evidence was determined using predefined criteria. Results and conclusions: In non-pregnant adults, the recommended HbA1c target is below 7%. Higher levels are recommended in frail older adults and patients at higher risk of hypoglycemia. Lifestyle modification is recommended at all phases of treatment. Metformin is the first choice when HbA1c is 6.5–7.5%. When HbA1c is 7.5–9.0%, dual therapy with metformin plus an SGLT2i and/or GLP-1RA (first-line antidiabetic agents, AD1) is recommended due to cardiovascular and renal benefits. If an AD1 is unaffordable, other antidiabetic drugs (AD) may be used. Triple or quadruple therapy should be considered when HbA1c remains above target. In patients with clinical or subclinical atherosclerosis, the combination of one AD1 plus metformin is the recommended first-line therapy to reduce cardiovascular events and improve blood glucose control. In stable heart failure with low ejection fraction ( 30 mL/min/1.73 m2, metformin plus an SGLT-2i is recommended to reduce cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalizations and improve blood glucose control. In patients with diabetes-associated chronic kidney disease (CKD) (eGFR 30–60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or eGFR 30–90 mL/min/1.73 m2 with albuminuria > 30 mg/g), the combination of metformin and an SGLT2i is recommended to attenuate loss of renal function, reduce albuminuria and improve blood glucose control. In patients with severe renal failure, insulin-based therapy is recommended to improve blood glucose control. Alternatively, GLP-1RA, DPP4i, gliclazide MR and pioglitazone may be considered to reduce albuminuria. In conclusion, the current evidence supports individualizing anti-hyperglycemic treatment for T2DM.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio