Evaluación de bicarbonato de potasio para el manejo preventivo de enfermedades en el cultivo de arándano (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

PosterEn la zona de San Pedro, el arándano es afectado por hongos que producen podredumbres de frutos en la postcosecha, como Botrytis cinerea y Alternaria tenuissima. Con el objetivo de disminuir el uso de fungicidas de síntesis química en este cultivo, se probó el bicarbonato de potasio (PM 99 %) como una alternativa para el control de enfermedades. El ensayo se realizó en el año 2020, en un cultivo de la variedad Blue Crisp, perteneciente a la empresa Andinian, en la localidad de San Pedro. Las plantas recibieron tres aplicaciones previas al ensayo, dos con Captan 300g/hl (junio y julio) y una con Bellis 100g/hl (septiembre). Se probaron dos dosis de Bicarbonato de Potasio VitiSan (BICK), 500 y 250 g por hectolitro, más un control que fue pulverizado con agua, el diseño fue en bloques con 4 repeticiones. Las parcelas constaron de tres plantas separadas por una que actuó de bordura. Las aplicaciones se realizaron los días 16 y 27 de octubre, 2 y 9 de noviembre, con un pulverizador manual, el volumen de caldo por planta fue de 100 ml. Se realizaron dos cosechas, los días 5 y 12 de noviembre. Se extrajeron 48 frutos por parcela, que se ubicaron en bandejas plásticas alveoladas, se dejaron a temperatura ambiente y se contó el desarrollo de patógenos a los 5 y 7 días de la cosecha. El patógeno prevalente fue Colletotrichum spp. No se observaron síntomas de fitotoxicidad. El tratamiento BICK 500 gr/hl mostró menor incidencia del patógeno (p<0.05) a los 5 días de la cosecha. El bicarbonato de potasio podría ser parte del manejo preventivo de enfermedades en arándano.EEA San PedroFil: Brambilla, María Virginia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; ArgentinaFil: Brambilla, Javier. Actividad privada. Empresa Andinian; ArgentinaFil: Mitidieri, Mariel Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Pedro; Argentin

Longitudinal trajectories in negative symptoms and changes in brain cortical thickness: 10-year follow-up study

Background Understanding the evolution of negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis (FEP) requires long-term longitudinal study designs that capture the progression of this condition and the associated brain changes. Aims To explore the factors underlying negative symptoms and their association with long-term abnormal brain trajectories. Method We followed up 357 people with FEP over a 10-year period. Factor analyses were conducted to explore negative symptom dimensionality. Latent growth mixture modelling (LGMM) was used to identify the latent classes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to investigate developmental trajectories of cortical thickness. Finally, the resulting ANOVA maps were correlated with a wide set of regional molecular profiles derived from public databases. Results Three trajectories (stable, decreasing and increasing) were found in each of the three factors (expressivity, experiential and attention) identified by the factor analyses. Patients with an increasing trajectory in the expressivity factor showed cortical thinning in caudal middle frontal, pars triangularis, rostral middle frontal and superior frontal regions from the third to the tenth year after the onset of the psychotic disorder. The F-statistic map of cortical thickness expressivity differences was associated with a receptor density map derived from positron emission tomography data. Conclusions Stable and decreasing were the most common trajectories. Additionally, cortical thickness abnormalities found at relatively late stages of FEP onset could be exploited as a biomarker of poor symptom outcome in the expressivity dimension. Finally, the brain areas with less density of receptors spatially overlap areas that discriminate the trajectories of the expressivity dimension.Funding: This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI14/00639 and PI14/00918) and Fundación Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (NCT0235832 and NCT02534363). M.C.-R. acknowledges funding support from the Consejería de Salud y Familias (Junta de Andalucía) 2020 grant, which covers his salary (RH-0081 2020). R.R.-G. is funded by the EMERGIA Junta de Andalucía programme (EMERGIA20_00139) and the Plan Propio of the University of Seville

A prognostic DNA methylation signature for stage I non-small-cell lung cancer

Purpose Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a tumor in which only small improvements in clinical outcome have been achieved. The issue is critical for stage I patients for whom there are no available biomarkers that indicate which high-risk patients should receive adjuvant chemotherapy. We aimed to find DNA methylation markers that could be helpful in this regard. Patients and Methods A DNA methylation microarray that analyzes 450,000 CpG sites was used to study tumoral DNA obtained from 444 patients with NSCLC that included 237 stage I tumors. The prognostic DNA methylation markers were validated by a single-methylation pyrosequencing assay in an independent cohort of 143 patients with stage I NSCLC. Results Unsupervised clustering of the 10,000 most variable DNA methylation sites in the discovery cohort identified patients with high-risk stage I NSCLC who had shorter relapse-free survival (RFS; hazard ratio [HR], 2.35; 95% CI, 1.29 to 4.28; P = .004). The study in the validation cohort of the significant methylated sites from the discovery cohort found that hypermethylation of five genes was significantly associated with shorter RFS in stage I NSCLC: HIST1H4F, PCDHGB6, NPBWR1, ALX1, and HOXA9. A signature based on the number of hypermethylated events distinguished patients with high-and low-risk stage I NSCLC (HR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.61 to 6.54; P = .001). Conclusion The DNA methylation signature of NSCLC affects the outcome of stage I patients, and it can be practically determined by user-friendly polymerase chain reaction assays. The analysis of the best DNA methylation biomarkers improved prognostic accuracy beyond standard staging. (C) 2013 by American Society of Clinical Oncology

Testing ab initio nuclear structure in neutron-rich nuclei: Lifetime measurements of second 2+ state in 16C and 20O

To test the predictive power of ab initio nuclear structure theory, the lifetime of the second 2+ state in neutron-rich 20O,τ(2+2)=150+80−30fs, and an estimate for the lifetime of the second 2+ state in 16C have been obtained for the first time. The results were achieved via a novel Monte Carlo technique that allowed us to measure nuclear state lifetimes in the tens-to-hundreds of femtoseconds range by analyzing the Doppler-shifted γ-transition line shapes of products of low-energy transfer and deep-inelastic processes in the reaction 18O(7.0MeV/u)+181Ta. The requested sensitivity could only be reached owing to the excellent performances of the Advanced γ-Tracking Array AGATA, coupled to the PARIS scintillator array and to the VAMOS++ magnetic spectrometer. The experimental lifetimes agree with predictions of ab initio calculations using two- and three-nucleon interactions, obtained with the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group for 20O and with the no-core shell model for 16C. The present measurement shows the power of electromagnetic observables, determined with high-precision γ spectroscopy, to assess the quality of first-principles nuclear structure calculations, complementing common benchmarks based on nuclear energies. The proposed experimental approach will be essential for short lifetime measurements in unexplored regions of the nuclear chart, including r-process nuclei, when intense beams, produced by Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) techniques, become available

The Cornella Health Interview Survey Follow-Up (CHIS.FU) Study: design, methods, and response rate

BACKGROUND: The aim of this report is to describe the main characteristics of the design, including response rates, of the Cornella Health Interview Survey Follow-up Study. METHODS: The original cohort consisted of 2,500 subjects (1,263 women and 1,237 men) interviewed as part of the 1994 Cornella Health Interview Study. A record linkage to update the address and vital status of the cohort members was carried out using, first a deterministic method, and secondly a probabilistic one, based on each subject's first name and surnames. Subsequently, we attempted to locate the cohort members to conduct the phone follow-up interviews. A pilot study was carried out to test the overall feasibility and to modify some procedures before the field work began. RESULTS: After record linkage, 2,468 (98.7%) subjects were successfully traced. Of these, 91 (3.6%) were deceased, 259 (10.3%) had moved to other towns, and 50 (2.0%) had neither renewed their last municipal census documents nor declared having moved. After using different strategies to track and to retain cohort members, we traced 92% of the CHIS participants. From them, 1,605 subjects answered the follow-up questionnaire. CONCLUSION: The computerized record linkage maximized the success of the follow-up that was carried out 7 years after the baseline interview. The pilot study was useful to increase the efficiency in tracing and interviewing the respondents

New osteoderm morphotype (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the middle Pleistocene of Argentina

Associated osteoderms of unique aspect have been found in Ensenadan age deposits near San Pedro, in the Pampean Region of Argentina. Their general shape closely resembles that of mylodontid sloths. They are unique in presenting a homogeneous octahedral shape, contrasting with the heterogeneous shape of other ground sloth osteoderms. The lack of expanded spaces within the bone is shared with some other mylodontid sloths. Histologically, the bone is well vascularized, full of fiber bundles (including Sharpey's fibers), and very similar to the condition in Mylodon darwinii. The lack of individualized fibers near and perpendicular to the external surface suggests a relatively deeper position in the dermis than in the Pleistocene ‘Paramylodon’ garbanii. The taxon to which these novel osteoderms belonged is uncertain, but the possible carriers are discussed.Fil: Brambilla, Luciano. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Toledo Arana, Javier Marcelo. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Tecnología Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Haro, Jose Augusto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología Basica y Aplicada. Cátedra de Paleontología; ArgentinaFil: Mancilla Aguilar, Jose Luis. Museo Paleontológico de San Pedro Fray Manuel de Torres; Argentin