Prevailing Arguments and Types of Conclusions of Parent\u2013Child Argumentation

This chapter examines the types of arguments used most often by parents and children and the different types of conclusions of their argumentative discussions. The conceptual tool adopted for the analysis is based on the integration of the pragma-dialectical ideal model of a critical discussion (van Eemeren & Grootendorst, 2004) with the Argumentum Model of Topics (Rigotti & Greco Morasso, 2019). The integration of these two tools of analysis permits to reconstruct the inferential configuration of the arguments used by parents and children and to identify the types of conclusions of their argumentative discussions. Exemplary argumentative sequences that bring to light the results obtained through the qualitative analysis of a larger corpus of argumentative discussions between parents and children are presented and discussed

dynamic simulation of the temperature inlet turbine control system for an unfired micro gas turbine in a concentrating solar tower

Abstract In this work, the dynamic performance of a mass flow regulation system, in a concentrating solar tower plant, with unfired closed micro gas turbine, during clouds transient will be presented. The adjustment system operates with the heliostats field control system, in order to control the temperature inlet turbine. To choose the best configuration, the performance of three heliostats sizes, for four Solar Multiple, has been evaluated. The design of the solar field was carried out by means of Solar Pilot, while the numerical models have been developed in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that a particular configuration is suitable for this purpose

The Initial Phase of the Argumentative Discussions Between Parents and Children

This chapter examines the initial phase of parent\u2013child argumentative discussions during mealtime. The conceptual tool adopted for the analysis is based on the pragma-dialectical ideal model of a critical discussion (van Eemeren & Grootendorst\u201a 2004). The types of issues leading parents and children to engage in argumentative discussions during mealtime as well as the contribution that parents and children provide to the inception of argumentation are described and discussed. The analysis of the initial phase of parent\u2013child argumentative discussions also considers the role played by the specificity of the parent\u2013child relationship and the distinctive features of the activity of family mealtime for the beginning of an argumentative discussion. Exemplary argumentative sequences that bring to light the results obtained through the qualitative analysis of a larger corpus of argumentative discussions between parents and children are presented and discussed

Dynamic constriction and fission of endoplasmic reticulum membranes by reticulon

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous cell-wide membrane network. Network formation has been associated with proteins producing membrane curvature and fusion, such as reticulons and atlastin. Regulated network fragmentation, occurring in different physiological contexts, is less understood. Here we find that the ER has an embedded fragmentation mechanism based upon the ability of reticulon to produce fission of elongating network branches. In Drosophila, Rtnl1-facilitated fission is counterbalanced by atlastin-driven fusion, with the prevalence of Rtnl1 leading to ER fragmentation. Ectopic expression of Drosophila reticulon in COS-7 cells reveals individual fission events in dynamic ER tubules. Consistently, in vitro analyses show that reticulon produces velocity-dependent constriction of lipid nanotubes leading to stochastic fission via a hemifission mechanism. Fission occurs at elongation rates and pulling force ranges intrinsic to the ER, thus suggesting a principle whereby the dynamic balance between fusion and fission controlling organelle morphology depends on membrane motility

Normothermic and hypothermic oxygenated perfusion for donation after circulatory death in kidney transplantation: Do we pay higher risk of severe infection after transplantation?: A case report

Background: Normothermic and hypothermic oxygenated perfusion for donation after circulatory death in kidney transplantation are becoming popular in Italy, with the purpose of reducing the risk of primary non function and delayed graft function due to the prolonged warm ischemia time. Potential complications related to these procedures are currently under investigation and are continuously emerging with the increasing experience. Post-operative infections - in particular graft arteritis - are a rare complication but determine high risk of mortality and of graft loss. The acute onset of the arterial complications makes it very difficult to find an effective treatment, and early diagnosis is crucial for saving both patient and graft. Prevention of such infections in this particular setting are advisable. Case presentation: We present a patient with an acute arterial rupture after transplantation of a DCD graft treated in-vivo hypothermic oxygenated perfusion. The cause was a severe arteritis of the renal artery caused by Candida krusei and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We discussed our treatment and we compared it to the other reported series. Conclusion: Fungal infections in DCD transplant may be treacherous and strategies to prevent them should be advocated

Altered levels of phospholipases C, diacylglycerols, endocannabinoids, and N-acylethanolamines in patients with hereditary angioedema due to FXII mutation

Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by local, self-limiting edema due to temporary increase in vascular permeability. HAE with normal C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH) activity includes the form with mutations in the F12 gene encoding for coagulation factor XII (FXII-HAE) causing an overproduction of bradykinin (BK) leading to angioedema attack. BK binding to B2 receptors (BK2R) leads to an activation of phospholipase C (PLC) and subsequent generation of second messengers: diacylglycerols (DAGs) and possibly the endocannabinoids (eCBs), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide (AEA), and eCB-related N-acylethanolamines [palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA)]. To date, there are no data on the role of these lipid mediators in FXII-HAE. Methods: Here, we analyzed plasma levels of PLC, DAGs, and eCBs in 40 patients with FXII-HAE and 40 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. Results: Plasma PLC activity was increased in FXII-HAE patients compared to controls. Concentrations of DAG 18:1-20:4, a lipid second messenger produced by PLC, were higher in FXII-HAE compared to controls, and positively correlated with PLC activity and cleaved high molecular kininogen (cHK). Also the concentrations of the DAG metabolite, 2-AG were altered in FXII-HAE. AEA and OEA were decreased in FXII-HAE patients compared to controls; by contrast, PEA, was increased. The levels of all tested mediators did not differ between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Moreover, C1INH-HAE patients had elevated plasma levels of PLC, which correlated with cHK, but the levels of DAGs and eCBs were the same as controls. Conclusions: BK overproduction and BKR2 activation are linked to alteration of PLCs and their metabolites in patients with FXII-HAE. Our results may pave way to investigations on the functions of these mediators in the pathophysiology of FXII-HAE, and provide new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets

Dynamic constriction andfission of endoplasmicreticulum membranes by reticulon

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous cell-wide membrane network. Network formation has been associated with proteins producing membrane curvature and fusion, such as reticulons and atlastin. Regulated network fragmentation, occurring in different physiological contexts, is less understood. Here we find that the ER has an embedded fragmentation mechanism based upon the ability of reticulon to produce fission of elongating network branches. In Drosophila, Rtnl1-facilitated fission is counterbalanced by atlastin-driven fusion, with the prevalence of Rtnl1 leading to ER fragmentation. Ectopic expression of Drosophila reticulon in COS-7 cells reveals individual fission events in dynamic ER tubules. Consistently, in vitro analyses show that reticulon produces velocity-dependent constriction of lipid nanotubes leading to stochastic fission via a hemifission mechanism. Fission occurs at elongation rates and pulling force ranges intrinsic to the ER, thus suggesting a principle whereby the dynamic balance between fusion and fission controlling organelle morphology depends on membrane motility.This work was partially supported by NIH R01GM121725 to V.A.F., a 5x1000 grant from the Italian Ministry of Health and Telethon GGP11189 to A.D., Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities grants BFU2015-70552-P to V.A.F. and A.V.S., and BFU2015-63714-R and PGC2018-099341-B-I00 to B.I., Basque Government grant IT1196-19, Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 17-75-30064 and Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Controls on Sr/Ca, S/Ca, and Mg/Ca in Benthic Foraminifera: Implications for the Carbonate Chemistry of the Pacific Ocean Over the Last 350 ky

Boron to calcium (B/Ca) records in benthic foraminifera, used for reconstructing the carbonate ion saturation state (ΔCO3) of the deep ocean, suggest that carbon sequestration in the Southern Pacific contributed to lowering atmospheric CO2 during the last glacial interval. However, the spatial and temporal extent of this storage is debated due to limited ΔCO3 records. To increase available ΔCO3 records, we explored using strontium and sulfur to calcium (Sr/Ca, S/Ca) in Planulina wuellerstorfi as additional proxies for ΔCO3 based on comparison with paired B/Ca down-core records from Pacific Sites U1486 (1,332 m depth) and U1487 (874 m depth) cored during the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363. The Sr/Ca and S/Ca records from P. wuellerstorfi closely covary with the B/Ca-derived ΔCO3 records. Temperature, reconstructed using Uvigerina peregrina magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca), has no discernible effect on Sr/Ca, whereas S/Ca also varies with Mg/Ca in both U. peregrina and P. wuellerstorfi, suggesting an additional temperature effect. Mg/Ca records from P. wuellerstorfi are affected by both temperature and ΔCO3. We assess calibrations of Sr/Ca to ΔCO3 for the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans and recommend using the down-core rather than core-top calibrations as they yield consistent sensitivity, though with offsets, in all ocean basins. Reconstructing Pacific ΔCO3 records from sites U1486, U1487, and DSDP 593, we demonstrate the benefit of using Sr/Ca as an additional ΔCO3 proxy to assess the contribution of the Southern Pacific to the increase of atmospheric CO2 at glacial terminations

Scalability of Incompressible Flow Computations on Multi-GPU Clusters Using Dual-Level and Tri-Level Parallelism

High performance computing using graphics processing units (GPUs) is gaining popularity in the scientific computing field, with many large compute clusters being augmented with multiple GPUs in each node. We investigate hybrid tri-level (MPI-OpenMP-CUDA) parallel implementations to explore the efficiency and scalability of incompressible flow computations on GPU clusters up to 128 GPUS. This work details some of the unique issues faced when merging fine-grain parallelism on the GPU using CUDA with coarse-grain parallelism using OpenMP for intra-node and MPI for inter-node communication. Comparisons between the tri-level MPI-OpenMP-CUDA and dual-level MPI-CUDA implementations are shown using computationally large computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Our results demonstrate that a tri-level parallel implementation does not provide a significant advantage in performance over the dual-level implementation, however further research is needed to justify our conclusion for a cluster with a high GPU per node density or when using software that can utilize OpenMP’s fine-grain parallelism more effectively