The Kramer sampling theorem revisited

The classical Kramer sampling theorem provides a method for obtaining orthogonal sampling formulas. Besides, it has been the cornerstone for a significant mathematical literature on the topic of sampling theorems associated with differential and difference problems. In this work we provide, in an unified way, new and old generalizations of this result corresponding to various different settings; all these generalizations are illustrated with examples. All the different situations along the paper share a basic approach: the functions to be sampled are obtaining by duality in a separable Hilbert space through an -valued kernel K defined on an appropriate domain.This work has been supported by the grant MTM2009–08345 from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICNN).Publicad

On Some Sampling-Related Frames in U-Invariant Spaces

This paper is concerned with the characterization as frames of some sequences in -invariant spaces of a separable Hilbert space H where U denotes an unitary operator defined on H ; besides, the dual frames having the same form are also found. This general setting includes, in particular, shift-invariant or modulation-invariant subspaces in L2(R) , where these frames are intimately related to the generalized sampling problem. We also deal with some related perturbation problems. In doing so, we need the unitary operator to belong to a continuous group of unitary operators

Maximum efficiency phothochemistry and potential photosynthetic index in melon plants (Cucumis melo) treated with low temperatures

La fluorescencia de la clorofila se utiliza para determinar la eficiencia fotoquímica de las plantas ante diferentes condiciones ambientales. Existen índices como Fv/Fm y PI abs que son indicadores indirectos del rendimiento cuántico del fotosistema II (PSII). El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la eficiencia fotoquímica máxima del PSII y el potencial fotosintético en plantas sometidas a bajas temperaturas. La experiencia se llevó a cabo en la EEA, Santiago del Estero y en la Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria, UNSE. Los tratamientos consistieron en plantas de melón (cv. Sweet Ball) sin estímulo de frío (testigo) y plantas con estímulo de frío durante la noche con rangos térmicos de 0ºC a 10ºC y de -3ºC a 0ºC. Se evaluó la eficiencia fotoquímica máxima (Fv/Fm), índice de potencial fotosintético (PI abs) y concentración de malondialdehido (MDA) en hoja. En las plantas estimuladas con frío se obtuvo menor Fv/Fm, PI abs e incrementos en la concentración de MDA.Measurements of the chlorophyll fluorescence is used to examine the photochemical efficiency of plants a wide range of environmental conditions. The quantum yield of non-cyclic electron transport is directly proportional to the efficiency of excitation of the reaction centers of Photosystem II (PS II) and can be determined by indexes such as Fv / Fm and PI abs. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and photosynthetic potential in plants treated with low temperatures. The experiment was conducted at the Estación Experimental Agropecuaria (EEA) INTA y la Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustria de la Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero (UNSE). Treatments consisted of melon plants (cv. Sweet Ball) without (control) and with low night temperatures between 10°C and 0ºC to -3ºC to 0°C. Photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm), photosynthetic potential index (PI abs) and in turn MDA concentration increased.Fil: Rodriguez Torresi, A. O.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Tucumán-Santiago del Estero. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santiago del Estero; ArgentinaFil: Yonny, Melisa Evangelina. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Nazareno, M.. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias; ArgentinaFil: Galmarini, Claudio Romulo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Mendoza-San Juan. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria La Consulta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bouzo, Carlos Alberto. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentin

Changes in the Reproductive Traits of Low-chill Peach Tree in Response to Reproductive Shoot Pruning after Harvesting

ABSTRACT: At the central-east area of the Santa Fe province (Argentina), early maturing peach varieties characterised by a long remaining growing season after harvest are used. The aim of this works was to study the effects of fruit-bearing shoots renovation, performed just after harvest, on different vegetative and reproductive parameters of peach tree, in comparison with the traditional winter pruning. After harvest, a group of plants remained unpruned as control trees (T0), whereas another group was pruned (T1). Pruning consisted of heading back or thinning out the recently harvested bearing shoots. Green pruning significantly increased the relative radiation measured in the canopy for more than 80 days after pruning, modifying the architecture of the aerial part of the tree. The relative proportion of the different bearing shoots was not affected by pruning treatment but green pruning increased the proportion of mixed shoots that arose from the main tree scaffold (+15%) and those that were inserted in the intermediate strata of plant height. Trees pruned after harvest were able to compensate the leaf area removed by the emission of new branches (+108%) in the remained shoots, but were unable to compensate TCA annual evolution (-37.4%) and plant size (?7 to -26%). Green pruning extended the vegetative growth period during autumn, delaying leaf senescence (+10 days) and dormancy induction. Tree yield and fruit size were not affected by pruning treatments.Fil: Weber, M.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Damian Cesar. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Micheloud, Norma. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Bouzo, Carlos Alberto. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Buyatti, Marcela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Gariglio, N.. Universidad Nacional del Litoral; Argentin

Modulation of colorectal tumor behavior via lncRNA TP53TG1-lipidic nanosystem

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging group of RNAs with a crucial role in cancer pathogenesis. In gastrointestinal cancers, TP53 target 1 (TP53TG1) is an epigenetically regulated lncRNA that represents a promising therapeutic target due to its tumor suppressor properties regulating the p53-mediated DNA damage and the intracellular localization of the oncogenic YBX1 protein. However, to translate this finding into the clinic as a gene therapy, it is important to develop effective carriers able to deliver exogenous lncRNAs to the targeted cancer cells. Here, we propose the use of biocompatible sphingomyelin nanosystems comprising DOTAP (DSNs) to carry and deliver a plasmid vector encoding for TP53TG1 (pc(TP53TG1)-DSNs) to a colorectal cancer cell line (HCT-116). DSNs presented a high association capacity and convenient physicochemical properties. In addition, pc(TP53TG1)-DSNs showed anti-tumor activities in vitro, specifically a decrease in the proliferation rate, a diminished colony-forming capacity, and hampered migration and invasiveness of the treated cancer cells. Consequently, the proposed strategy displays a high potential as a therapeutic approach for colorectal cancer. Keywords: long non-coding RNAs; epigenomics; colorectal cancer; nanocarriers; emulsion

A live cell NanoBRET binding assay allows the study of ligand-binding kinetics to the adenosine A(3) receptor

There is a growing interest in understanding the binding kinetics of compounds that bind to G protein-coupled receptors prior to progressing a lead compound into clinical trials. The widely expressed adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) has been implicated in a range of diseases including immune conditions, and compounds that aim to selectively target this receptor are currently under development for arthritis. Kinetic studies at the A3AR have been performed using a radiolabelled antagonist, but due to the kinetics of this probe, they have been carried out at 10 °C in membrane preparations. In this study, we have developed a live cell NanoBRET ligand binding assay using fluorescent A3AR antagonists to measure kinetic parameters of labelled and unlabelled compounds at the A3AR at physiological temperatures. The kinetic profiles of four fluorescent antagonists were determined in kinetic association assays, and it was found that XAC-ser-tyr-X-BY630 had the longest residence time (RT = 288 ± 62 min) at the A3AR. The association and dissociation rate constants of three antagonists PSB-11, compound 5, and LUF7565 were also determined using two fluorescent ligands (XAC-ser-tyr-X-BY630 or AV039, RT = 6.8 ± 0.8 min) as the labelled probe and compared to those obtained using a radiolabelled antagonist ([3H]PSB-11, RT = 44.6 ± 3.9 min). There was close agreement in the kinetic parameters measured with AV039 and [3H]PSB-11 but significant differences to those obtained using XAC-S-ser-S-tyr-X-BY630. These data indicate that selecting a probe with the appropriate kinetics is important to accurately determine the kinetics of unlabelled ligands with markedly different kinetic profiles.Medicinal Chemistr

Optimal Handling and Postharvest Strategies to Reduce Losses of ‘Cuello Dama Negro’ Dark Figs (Ficus Carica L.)

The optimal postharvest handling to reduce postharvest decay and maintain quality of ‘Cuello Dama Negro’ fresh dark figs grown in Spain is been studied. Different storage temperatures (0ºC and 4ºC), relative humidity (RH, 75% to 95%) and cooling strategies (delayed and intermittent cooling) were tested. Moreover, different postharvest strategies such as 1-MCP (10 ppm), two different passive modified atmosphere packaging (Xtend® and LifePack MAP), and SO2 generating pads (UVASYS, Grapetek (Pty) Ltd.), were also tested. Storage at 0ºC, 95% RH together with MAP effectively decreased postharvest rots and therefore increased the market life of ‘Cuello Dama Negro’ fresh figs, without altering the fruit quality nor the consumer liking degree. No improvement on the shelf life of the fruit was observed with the application of 1-MCP. The use of SO2 generating pads reduced the decay but detrimentally affected fruit quality by inducing skin bleaching. Low temperature from harvest to consumption is crucial for a good maintenance of quality in fresh fig. In addition, EMAP technology is a low-cost technology able to reduce decay and maintain fruit quality of fresh figs up to 2 weeks.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Comparison of selected exercise training modalities in the management of PCOS: a systematic review and meta-analysis to inform evidence-based guidelines

Summary: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age that often presents with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological symptoms. While exercise is part of the management of PCOS, it is unclear which form of exercise may be most effective and for which outcomes. Aim: In order to inform the updated 2023 International evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome, this systematic review aimed to determine the exercise modality that provides the greatest improvement in anthropometric, metabolic, hormonal/reproductive, and psychological outcomes in adult women with PCOS. Methods: Five databases were searched from inception to July 2022. Studies eligible for inclusion consisted of those in a PCOS population, that compared two exercise modalities, and reported at least one anthropometric, metabolic, hormonal/reproductive, and/or psychological outcome. Screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessments were conducted by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines were used to determine the certainty of evidence. Meta-analysis was performed utilising Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, Version 3. Results: Of the 4739 records identified, five unique studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comprising a total of 216 individuals. Meta-analyses comparing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal/reproductive parameters found no statistically significant differences in outcomes between groups, and the certainty of evidence was graded as low or very low. Results from single studies showed that HIIT was more effective than MICT for menstrual regularity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] ​= ​7.875 [1.105, 56.125], p ​= ​0.039, very low certainty). HIIT vs resistance training, and diet ​+ ​MICT vs diet ​+ ​MICT ​+ ​resistance training were examined by a single study each, and no statistically significant differences were found for any outcome, with the certainty of evidence ranked as very low. Conclusion: To date, there are insufficient RCTs comparing exercise modalities in individuals with PCOS to establish with certainty whether one form of exercise is superior to another for the management of PCOS

The Immune Response to Melanoma Is Limited by Thymic Selection of Self-Antigens

The expression of melanoma-associated antigens (MAA) being limited to normal melanocytes and melanomas, MAAs are ideal targets for immunotherapy and melanoma vaccines. As MAAs are derived from self, immune responses to these may be limited by thymic tolerance. The extent to which self-tolerance prevents efficient immune responses to MAAs remains unknown. The autoimmune regulator (AIRE) controls the expression of tissue-specific self-antigens in thymic epithelial cells (TECs). The level of antigens expressed in the TECs determines the fate of auto-reactive thymocytes. Deficiency in AIRE leads in both humans (APECED patients) and mice to enlarged autoreactive immune repertoires. Here we show increased IgG levels to melanoma cells in APECED patients correlating with autoimmune skin features. Similarly, the enlarged T cell repertoire in AIRE−/− mice enables them to mount anti-MAA and anti-melanoma responses as shown by increased anti-melanoma antibodies, and enhanced CD4+ and MAA-specific CD8+ T cell responses after melanoma challenge. We show that thymic expression of gp100 is under the control of AIRE, leading to increased gp100-specific CD8+ T cell frequencies in AIRE−/− mice. TRP-2 (tyrosinase-related protein), on the other hand, is absent from TECs and consequently TRP-2 specific CD8+ T cells were found in both AIRE−/− and AIRE+/+ mice. This study emphasizes the importance of investigating thymic expression of self-antigens prior to their inclusion in vaccination and immunotherapy strategies