A geographical investigation of Chagas\u27 disease risk in the community of La Brea, Guatemala

This thesis will display how the use of a GIS is an important tool in understanding geographic patterns of Chagas\u27 disease vector risk in a rural community in Guatemala. This is an important topic of investigation as Chagas\u27 disease is the leading cause of heart failure in rural Latin America, and yet study has been limited due to a prioritization of national resources to urban diseases. Obviously this can have a severe impact on rural areas, especially if they already lack adequate health care provision. As a response to this deficiency, a collaboration between the Laboratory of Entomology and Applied Parasitology (LENAP) of the University of San Carlos in Guatemala and the World Health Organization Collaboration Center (WHOCC) for Remote Sensing and GIS for Public Health at Louisiana State University has been established. This thesis presents research from that collaboration. This thesis has relied on cartographic and analytical approaches made possible in the GIS environment to display the geographical distribution of Chagas\u27 disease vectors, including infestation and re-infestation in the community. Although triatomines were mostly found inside the houses, they were also found in larger numbers in chicken coops outside the domicile. Four hotspot locations were identified by selecting the house locations that contained the highest 10 percent of the triatomines counts. Then a buffer analysis was incorporated to extract and manipulate epidemiological information at each hotspot. This project also incorporates anthropological risk factors such as the construction materials of choice for house construction, and local attitudes to domesticated animals, in the creation of risk patterns. Although construction materials have an effect on the presence of triatomines, there are other approaches such as the incorporation of community disease surveillance programs which appears to have an educational legacy effect. Also, clean houses seem to have less to no presence of Chagas\u27 disease vectors in rural environment. Although the results of this thesis have implication for the community under investigation, the larger contribution is in showing how GIS flexibility can be used to gain insight from data not originally collected with spatial analysis as its primary focus

Reducción Mamaria en 43 Pacientes Realizada en el Hospital Escuela 2008 - 2010

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rmpm.v13i3.632Revista de los Postgrados de Medicina UNAH Vol. 13 N° 3 Agosto-Octubre 2010Palabras claves: Reducción de mamas; patron de Wise, técnica de Hall-findlay; técnica de LejourDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rmpm.v13i3.632Revista de los Postgrados de Medicina UNAH Vol. 13 N° 3 Agosto-Octubre 201

Behavioural validation of a parent-report measure of child food fussiness

Food fussiness is the rejection of familiar and novel foods leading to consumption that is insufficient and/or inadequately varied. Its importance to children’s nutrition and the development of food preferences means it has been the focus of extensive research. To measure food fussiness, research has predominantly relied on parent-report, though parents’ reporting of their child’s eating behaviour can be reliable, responses may also be subject to bias. Utilising data from video-recordings of sixty-seven mother-child dyads during a meal in the home environment, this study aimed to validate the most widely used parent-report questionnaire measuring food fussiness against independent observations of children’s eating behaviour and, in so doing, determine its accuracy. Maternal reported food fussiness, assessed using the Food Fussiness subscale of the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ; Wardle, Guthrie, Sanderson, & Rapoport, 2001) was compared to children’s observed food rejection and acceptance behaviours. Bootstrapped Pearson’s correlations revealed that maternal reports of food fussiness were significantly positively related to food rejection behaviours and significantly negatively related to food acceptance behaviours. Maternal reports of food fussiness were also found to be significantly negatively related to the proportion of familiar/appealing of familiar foods consumed by the child. There was no significant association between maternal reported food fussiness and the proportion of familiar/unappealing, unfamiliar/appealing and unfamiliar/unappealing foods consumed by the child or the meal duration. These findings support the CEBQ FF as a valid measure of food fussiness

Recollections of pressure to eat during childhood, but not picky eating, predict young adult eating behavior

Picky eating is a childhood behavior that vexes many parents and is a symptom in the newer diagnosis of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in adults. Pressure to eat, a parental controlling feeding practice aimed at encouraging a child to eat more, is associated with picky eating and a number of other childhood eating concerns. Low intuitive eating, an insensitivity to internal hunger and satiety cues, is also associated with a number of problem eating behaviors in adulthood. Whether picky eating and pressure to eat are predictive of young adult eating behavior is relatively unstudied. Current adult intuitive eating and disordered eating behaviors were self-reported by 170 college students, along with childhood picky eating and pressure through retrospective self- and parent reports. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that childhood parental pressure to eat, but not picky eating, predicted intuitive eating and disordered eating symptoms in college students. These findings suggest that parental pressure in childhood is associated with problematic eating patterns in young adulthood. Additional research is needed to understand the extent to which parental pressure is a reaction to or perhaps compounds the development of problematic eating behavior

Children, Object Value, and Persuasion

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148408/1/jcpy1097_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148408/2/jcpy1097.pd

<Apodeixis> Antichristianismi qua christianismum veram religionem, pharisaismum Christianismo contrarium ; Papismum pharisaismo simillimum esse ostenditur. Item Antistrophos brevis ad prolixum Apologeticum Turriani hypocritae, et antichristianismi, impudentissimi interpolatoris. Auctore P. Boquino biturige, Evangelii ministro.

GLN-2982Adams, Cambridge, B 2463Shaw, Cathedral Libr., 2, B 205

Estudios de la crianza masiva de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) en laboratorio

19 p.Las prácticas de manejo en la crianza masiva de Spodoptera frugiperda son importantes ya que se utiliza este insecto para la producción de virus de la poliedrosis nuclear y Telenomus remus. El objetivo fue evaluar las concentraciones de ácido sórbico y formalina en la dieta artificial y evaluar dos prácticas de manejo de adultos en jaula en el proceso de la crianza masiva de S. frugiperda. Los experimentos se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Control Biológico de Zamorano desde enero hasta abril del 2001. El primer experimento consistió en desarrollar nueve dietas artificiales modificando las cantidades de ácido sórbico y formalina. El segundo experimento consistió en medir el efecto de cinco densidades de individuos en jaula de oviposición. El tercer experimento consistió en medir el efecto en jaula de la proporción de hembras por macho sobre la oviposición. La dieta con 50% más de ácido sórbico + 25% más de formalina, comparada contra la dieta utilizada en el laboratorio, aumentó 5.5 veces la mortalidad de larvas. También disminuyó 3.6 la contaminación por el hongo Aspergillus y aumentó 3.3 veces la tasa de empupación. La densidad de 80 adultos por jaula fue la que obtuvo el mayor número de masas de huevos, pero sólo varió significativamente de las densidades de 40 y 90. Esto se debió a que hubo un mejor aprovechamiento espacial por parte de los adultos en jaulas de 30 cm de alto por 17 cm de diámetro. La proporción 5♀: 1♂produjo más huevos por masa, pero no más masas por hembra