Jezična uporaba i ustroj gramatike: perspektiva konstrukcijske morfologije

This article motivates a usage–based account of morphological knowledge, and its place in the architecture of grammar. I–language, the abstract linguistic competence, and E–language, that is, actual language use, stand in a dialogic relationship. Morphology must be usage– based in order to understand the knowledge and creation of complex words. Construction Morphology is a theory about the place of morphology in the architecture of grammar that assumes a hierarchical lexicon, with various degrees of schematicity that do justice to actual language use in the domain of word formation. Since there are productive phrasal lexical constructions as well, and word formation may be based on paradigmatic relationships with such phrasal lexical units, there is no sharp divide between lexicon and grammar, although the formal distinction between syntactic and morphological constructs must be preserved. Arguments are given for second order schemas. They represent a multi–dimensional network of relationships between linguistic constructional schemas, both morphological and syntactic ones. The model of Construction Morphology is shown to allow for the graceful integration of findings concerning lexical knowledge in various subdomains of linguistics such as language acquisition, change, and processing.Ovaj rad potiče uporabno utemeljen opis morfološkog znanja i njegova mjesta u ustroju gramatike. I-jezik, apstraktna jezična kompetencija, i E-jezik, tj. stvarna uporaba jezika stoje u dijaloškom odnosu. Morfologija mora biti uporabno utemeljena kako bi dobila uvid u znanje i stvaranje složenih riječi. Konstrukcijska morfologija teorija je o mjestu morfologije u ustroju gramatike koja pretpostavlja hijerarhijski leksikon s različitim stupnjevima shematičnosti koji vjerno odražavaju stvarnu jezičnu uporabu na području tvorbe riječi. Budući da postoje i produktivne frazalne leksičke konstrukcije i da tvorba riječi može biti temeljena na paradigmatskim odnosima s takvim frazalnim leksičkim jedinicama, ne postoji stroga podjela između leksikona i gramatike iako se mora održati formalna podjela između sintaktičkih i morfoloških konstrukata. U radu se izlažu argumenti za sheme drugog reda. One čine višedimenzionalnu mrežu odnosa između jezičnih te morfoloških i sintaktičkih konstrukcijskih shema. Pokazuje se kako model konstrukcijske morfologije omogućava integraciju spoznaja o leksičkom znanju u različitim potpodručjima lingvistike kao što su usvajanje jezika, jezična promjena i jezično procesiranje

Preface

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From compounding to derivation The emergence of derivational affixes through “constructionalization”

Theoretical and Experimental Linguistic

CONSTRUCTION MORPHOLOGY: AN INTERVIEW WITH GEERT BOOIJ

Geert Booij (1947) is professor emeritus of linguistics at the University of Leiden where he worked from 2005-2012. From 1981-2005 he was professor of General Linguistics at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and from 1971-1981 assistant / associate professor at the University of Amsterdam, where he also obtained his Ph.D. degree in linguistics in 1977. He studied Dutch and general linguistics at the University of Groningen (1965-1971) where he obtained his MA degree (cum laude). He was dean of the Faculty of Letters at the Vrije Universiteit (1988-1991, 1998-2002), conrector of the Vrije Universiteit (1999-2002), dean of the Faculty of Letters of the University of Leiden (September 2005- October 2007), and member (1997-2002) and chair (2002-2004) of the Dutch Research Council for the Humanities of NWO (the Dutch organization for scientific research). He served on a number of national and international committees for the assessment of linguistic research achievements, and on audit committees for the quality of language programs at various universities in the Netherlands.Geert Booij also taught at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand (Erskine Fellow) in 2002, the Linguistic Society of America Institute at the University of Berkeley in 2009, at Harvard University (Erasmus professor of Dutch language and culture) in 2010, and at the Freie Universität Berlin (Germanic Department, section Dutch) in 2011. In 2011 he received the Alexander von Humboldt Research Award for his overall achievements in linguistic research. He is an honorary member of the Linguistic Society of America.Geert Booij is one of the two founders and editors of the book series Yearbook of Morphology (1988-2005), which is, as of 2006, continued as the journal Morphology, of which he was one of the three editors until 2014. He is the author of a number of Dutch textbooks on grammar, morphology, and phonology, and of four English monographs: The Phonology of Dutch (1995), The Morphology of Dutch (2002, 20192), The Grammar of Words (2005, 2012), and Construction Morphology (2010), all published by Oxford University Press. He has published linguistic articles in a wide range of Dutch and international journals and volumes (see https://geert.booij.com for a list of, mostly downloadable, publications).Geert Booij (1947) é professor emérito de linguística na Universidade de Leiden, onde trabalhou de 2005 a 2012. De 1981 a 2005, foi professor de Linguística Geral da Universidade Livre de Amsterdam, e, de 1971 a 1981, professor assistente/associado da Universidade de Amsterdam, onde também obteve seu Ph.D. em linguística em 1977. Estudou holandês e linguística geral na Universidade de Groningen (1965-1971), onde obteve seu título de mestre (cum laude). Foi reitor da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Livre (1988-1991, 1998-2002), vice-diretor da Universidade Livre (1999-2002), reitor da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Leiden (Setembro 2005- Outubro 2007) e membro (1997-2002) e presidente (2002-2004) do Conselho Holandês de Pesquisa para Humanidades da NWO (Organização holandesa para pesquisa científica). Atuou em uma série de comitês nacionais e internacionais para a avaliação das realizações de pesquisas linguísticas e em comitês de auditoria para a qualidade dos programas de línguas em várias universidades na Holanda. Geert Booij também lecionou na Universidade de Canterbury em Christchurch, Nova Zelândia (Erskine Fellow) em 2002, na Sociedade Linguística do America Institute da Universidade de Berkeley em 2009, na Universidade de Harvard (Erasmus professor de língua e cultura holandesas) em 2010, e na Universidade Livre de Berlin (Departamento de Germânicas, seção Holandês) em 2011. Em 2011, recebeu o Prêmio Alexander von Humboldt de Pesquisa por suas realizações gerais em pesquisa linguística. É membro honorário da Linguistic Society of America. Geert Booij é um dos dois fundadores e editores da série de livros Yearbook of Morphology (1988-2005), que, desde 2006, teve continuação como a revista Morphology, da qual foi um dos três editores até 2014. Ele é o autor de uma série de livros holandeses sobre gramática, morfologia e fonologia e de quatro monografias em inglês: The Phonology of Dutch (1995), The Morphology of Dutch (2002, 20192), The Grammar of Words (2005, 20123) e Construção Morphology (2010), todos publicados pela Oxford University Press. Ele publicou artigos linguísticos em uma ampla variedade de periódicos e volumes holandeses e internacionais (consulte https://geert.booij.com para obter uma lista de publicações, em sua maioria para download).

Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder:Abnormal Cardiac Image and Progressive Abnormal Metabolic Brain Pattern

BACKGROUND: Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is prodromal for α-synucleinopathies. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether pathological cardiac [123 I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy ([123 I]MIBG) is associated with progression of [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography-based Parkinson's disease (PD)-related brain pattern (PDRP) expression in iRBD. METHODS: Seventeen subjects with iRBD underwent [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography brain imaging twice ~3.6 years apart. In addition, [123 I]MIBG and [123 I]N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane single-photon emission computed tomography ([123 I]FP-CIT-SPECT) at baseline were performed. Olfactory, cognitive, and motor functions were tested annually. RESULTS: Twelve of 17 subjects had pathological [123 I]MIBG. At baseline, 6 of 12 of these expressed the PDRP (suprathreshold PDRP z score). At follow-up, 12 of 17 subjects had suprathreshold PDRP z scores, associated with pathological [123 I]MIBG in 92% and with pathological [123 I]FP-CIT-SPECT in 75%. Subjects with pathological [123 I]MIBG had higher PDRP z score change per year (P = 0.027). Three subjects phenoconverted to PD; all had pathological [123 I]MIBG and [123 I]FP-CIT-SPECT, suprathreshold baseline PDRP z scores, and hyposmia. CONCLUSIONS: Pathological [123 I]MIBG was associated with progressive and suprathreshold PDRP z scores at follow-up. Abnormal [123 I]MIBG likely identifies iRBD as prodromal PD earlier than pathological [123 I]FP-CIT-SPECT. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society