321 research outputs found
IMMERSION ET ENVIRONNEMENTS NUMĂRIQUES : UNE APPROCHE MĂTHODOLOGIQUE PAR L'EXPĂRIENCE VĂCUE
International audienceâ L'approche thĂ©orique et mĂ©thodologique dĂ©veloppĂ©e dans ce texte a pour objectif d'analyser ce qui se joue dans les perceptions et les interactions de sujets qui utilisent des environnements numĂ©riques dits immersifs. AprĂšs avoir prĂ©sentĂ© ces environnements et le contexte de la recherche, il problĂ©matise la relation du corps des sujets Ă l'espace physique et l'espace numĂ©rique. Elle interroge le rapport de ces sujets Ă la technique. Nous proposons de caractĂ©riser ce rapport par une expĂ©rience vĂ©cue qui joue sur le sensoriel et l'imaginaire des sujets. Il s'agit ensuite de mobiliser une mĂ©thodologie originale pour analyser les usages de ces environnements. L'approche Ă©nactive est utilisĂ©e pour saisir ce qui se joue au niveau des perceptions et des interactions dans ces expĂ©riences. AssociĂ©e Ă une approche interactionniste et sĂ©mio-pragmatique, cette recherche interroge aussi les publics, les contextes et les modalitĂ©s sociales de ces expĂ©riences vĂ©cues par les sujets. Par la conjugaison de ces approches, la contribution tente d'identifier les Ă©lĂ©ments qui permettraient de clarifier, sur le plan mĂ©thodologique, le rapport des sujets Ă leur environnement numĂ©rique, et notamment sur ce qui pourrait relever dans cette relation, d'un couplage fort ou, au contraire, d'une opposition Ă celui-ci
Mondes persistants et enseignement Ă distance : de nouvelles perspectives ?
Intervention dans la cadre du colloque TICE Méditerranée 2007 : "L\u27humain dans la formation à distance... la problématique du changement"
Communication non verbale et avatars au sein dâune communautĂ© virtuelle
Cet article sâintĂ©resse aux enjeux thĂ©oriques des nouvelles modalitĂ©s communicationnelles offertes par des dispositifs de type « mondes ou univers virtuels ». Dans ces dispositifs rĂ©cents, il est en effet possible pour lâutilisateur dâune communautĂ© virtuelle de naviguer et de communiquer Ă distance au sein dâun environnement mĂ©taphorique et spatial. Lâutilisateur dispose alors dâobjets 3D et dâune reprĂ©sentation de lui mĂȘme qui prend la forme dâun personnage que lâon nomme couramment son « avatar ». Il sâagit pour nous ici de rĂ©flĂ©chir aux consĂ©quences Ă©thiques, sociales et communicationnelles de la matĂ©rialisation en trois dimensions de lâutilisateur dans un espace virtuel. Cet espace met alors en scĂšne une situation de communication dans laquelle la reprĂ©sentation est omniprĂ©sente. Sur le plan Ă©pistĂ©mologique, nous situons cet objet de recherche au carrefour dâune approche de type nouvelle communication (Winkin, 2001), et de lâanalyse sĂ©mio-pragmatique de mĂ©diations sensorimotrices et sociales (Peraya, 2007). Afin de prĂ©ciser notre rĂ©flexion, nous livrons au lecteur les rĂ©sultats dâune expĂ©rimentation menĂ©e dans une communautĂ© virtuelle dâapprenants (Bonfils, 2007). GrĂące Ă la manipulation de son avatar, nous montrons comment chaque membre de la communautĂ© utilise la communication non verbale et tend Ă participer Ă la dynamique relationnelle et Ă la construction dâun lien social collectif. Nous dĂ©montrons que par lâintermĂ©diaire dâune ritualisation progressive des mouvements et des interactions des avatars (Goffman, 1973 ; Lardellier, 2003), lâespace virtuel apparaĂźt comme un lieu symbolique et proxĂ©mique de communication (Hall, 1971)
Environnements immersifs et dispositifs numériques: Etudes expérimentales et approches distanciées
This paper proposes to discuss the theoretical and methodological issues applied to the study of immersive environments in information and communication sciences. Environments considered are digital devices that generate more or less strong effects of immersion (virtual reality, augmented reality, serious games, etc..). The authors question the renewal of a constructivist and ethno-methodological posture that will be put into test in various experiments. The paper concludes with an illustration of a methodology currently being tested on an industrial project
Milli-arcsecond astrophysics with VSI, the VLTI spectro-imager in the ELT era
Nowadays, compact sources like surfaces of nearby stars, circumstellar
environments of stars from early stages to the most evolved ones and
surroundings of active galactic nuclei can be investigated at milli-arcsecond
scales only with the VLT in its interferometric mode. We propose a
spectro-imager, named VSI (VLTI spectro-imager), which is capable to probe
these sources both over spatial and spectral scales in the near-infrared
domain. This instrument will provide information complementary to what is
obtained at the same time with ALMA at different wavelengths and the extreme
large telescopes.Comment: 8 pages. To be published in the proceedings of the ESO workshop
"Science with the VLT in the ELT Era", held in Garching (Germany) on 8-12
October 2007, A. Moorwood edito
Atmospheric characterization of terrestrial exoplanets in the mid-infrared: biosignatures, habitability, and diversity
Quanz, S.P. et al.Exoplanet science is one of the most thriving fields of modern astrophysics. A major goal is the atmospheric characterization of dozens of small, terrestrial exoplanets in order to search for signatures in their atmospheres that indicate biological activity, assess their ability to provide conditions for life as we know it, and investigate their expected atmospheric diversity. None of the currently adopted projects or missions, from ground or in space, can address these goals. In this White Paper, submitted to ESA in response to the Voyage 2050 Call, we argue that a large space-based mission designed to detect and investigate thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets in the mid-infrared wavelength range provides unique scientific potential to address these goals and surpasses the capabilities of other approaches. While NASA might be focusing on large missions that aim to detect terrestrial planets in reflected light, ESA has the opportunity to take leadership and spearhead the development of a large mid-infrared exoplanet mission within the scope of the âVoyage 2050â long-term plan establishing Europe at the forefront of exoplanet science for decades to come. Given the ambitious science goals of such a mission, additional international partners might be interested in participating and contributing to a roadmap that, in the long run, leads to a successful implementation. A new, dedicated development program funded by ESA to help reduce development and implementation cost and further push some of the required key technologies would be a first important step in this direction. Ultimately, a large mid-infrared exoplanet imaging mission will be needed to help answer one of humankindâs most fundamental questions: âHow unique is our Earth?âOpen Access funding provided by ETH Zurich. Part of this work has been carried out within the framework of the National Centre of Competence in Research PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. S.P.Q. acknowledges the financial support of the SNSF.Peer reviewe
TOI-836 : a super-Earth and mini-Neptune transiting a nearby K-dwarf
Funding: TGW, ACC, and KH acknowledge support from STFC consolidated grant numbers ST/R000824/1 and ST/V000861/1, and UKSA grant ST/R003203/1.We present the discovery of two exoplanets transiting TOI-836 (TIC 440887364) using data from TESS Sector 11 and Sector 38. TOI-836 is a bright (T = 8.5 mag), high proper motion (âŒ200 mas yrâ1), low metallicity ([Fe/H]ââ0.28) K-dwarf with a mass of 0.68 ± 0.05 Mâ and a radius of 0.67 ± 0.01 Râ. We obtain photometric follow-up observations with a variety of facilities, and we use these data-sets to determine that the inner planet, TOI-836 b, is a 1.70 ± 0.07 Râ super-Earth in a 3.82 day orbit, placing it directly within the so-called âradius valleyâ. The outer planet, TOI-836 c, is a 2.59 ± 0.09 Râ mini-Neptune in an 8.60 day orbit. Radial velocity measurements reveal that TOI-836 b has a mass of 4.5 ± 0.9 Mâ, while TOI-836 c has a mass of 9.6 ± 2.6 Mâ. Photometric observations show Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) on the order of 20 minutes for TOI-836 c, although there are no detectable TTVs for TOI-836 b. The TTVs of planet TOI-836 c may be caused by an undetected exterior planet.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
TOI-836: A super-Earth and mini-Neptune transiting a nearby K-dwarf
We present the discovery of two exoplanets transiting TOI-836 (TIC 440887364)
using data from TESS Sector 11 and Sector 38. TOI-836 is a bright (
mag), high proper motion ( mas yr), low metallicity
([Fe/H]) K-dwarf with a mass of M and a
radius of R. We obtain photometric follow-up
observations with a variety of facilities, and we use these data-sets to
determine that the inner planet, TOI-836 b, is a R
super-Earth in a 3.82 day orbit, placing it directly within the so-called
'radius valley'. The outer planet, TOI-836 c, is a R
mini-Neptune in an 8.60 day orbit. Radial velocity measurements reveal that
TOI-836 b has a mass of M , while TOI-836 c has a mass
of M. Photometric observations show Transit Timing
Variations (TTVs) on the order of 20 minutes for TOI-836 c, although there are
no detectable TTVs for TOI-836 b. The TTVs of planet TOI-836 c may be caused by
an undetected exterior planet
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