Exploring Standards of Rigour for Design Cases

Designers share their specialized knowledge by developing design cases, which we define as representations of design efforts and outcomes disseminated to peers. In the field of instructional design this practice is not well established. In addition, many fields in which design is practiced are examining how knowledge is built by designers, and considering the methods of research most applicable to building design knowledge. We consider design cases to be the method of dissemination for that design research which is wholly of apiece with the act of design (as compared to design research carried out in the process of designing or research on design). In considering the factors required to establish this practice, we understand the issue of rigour to be critical, since without standards by which to judge the rigour of a representation this form of knowledge building may always be undervalued in comparison to others. We look to naturalistic inquiry and action research to begin exploring how rigour might be approached in developing design cases, presenting from the perspective of instructional designers and hoping to engage designers from other fields insofar as these ideas are useful to them. Keywords: Design Knowledge; Knowledge Building; Case Study/Studies; Design Research</p

Interprofessional Simulaton Among Healthcare Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve Communication Self-Efficacy

Title from PDF of title page viewed May 22, 2020Dissertation advisor: Carol E. SchmerVitaIncludes bibliographical references (pages 72-80)Thesis (Ph.D.)--School of Nursing and Health Studies. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2020Medical errors that result in adverse and sentinel events are linked to ineffective communication between providers and members of the healthcare team. Healthcare organizations have enacted multiple strategies to lower the intradisciplinary communication errors. However, this remains an area for ongoing improvements because lecture and clinical practice may be ineffective methods to teach communication. Communication errors, which are considered preventable, are now noted as one of the top three leading causes of deaths in the United States. In healthcare education, high-fidelity simulation has been acknowledged as an innovative methodology. However, there is a lack of evidence that deals with the effectiveness of teaching communication through simulation. The purpose of this research study was to examine healthcare students’ communication self-efficacy with the use of a high-fidelity simulation intervention with an interprofessional group of students compared to a control group of intraprofessional students. The sample consisted of 22 senior level healthcare students in nursing, respiratory, and allied health programs randomly selected at a health sciences college. With institutional review board approval, a randomized controlled trial was conducted using a modified version of the Communication Skills Perceptions Questionnaire to assess healthcare students’ communication self-efficacy, communication skills, and behavior pre- and post-simulation intervention with both groups.Introduction -- Review of literature -- Methodology -- Data analysis and results -- Discussion -- Appendix A. Institutional approval letter -- Appendix B. Communication skills perceptions questionnaire - modified version -- Appendix C. Communication skills perceptions questionnaire permission from author -- Appendix D. Informed consent -- Appendix E. Simulation intervention protocol-intervention -- Appendix F. Simulation intervention protocol-contro

Introduction to the Student Design Case SLAM

At the 2016 Association for Educational Communications and Technology Convention in Las Vegas, the IJDL editorial team hosted a Student Design Case SLAM. The focus of the one-day workshop was to engage graduate students in writing a publishable design case. Nine graduate students participated in the Design Case SLAM. Each graduate student brought the beginnings of a design case. Students were assigned to groups of three and assigned to an editor. Editors provided design case prompts and students completed free writing exercises which included feedback from the editor and group members

A questionnaire to identify patellofemoral pain in the community: an exploration of measurement properties

Background Community-based studies of patellofemoral pain (PFP) need a questionnaire tool that discriminates between those with and those without the condition. To overcome these issues, we have designed a self-report questionnaire which aims to identify people with PFP in the community. Methods Study designs: comparative study and cross-sectional study. Study population: comparative study: PFP patients, soft-tissue injury patients and adults without knee problems. Cross-sectional study: adults attending a science festival. Intervention: comparative study participants completed the questionnaire at baseline and two weeks later. Cross-sectional study participants completed the questionnaire once. The optimal scoring system and threshold was explored using receiver operating characteristic curves, test-retest reliability using Cohen’s kappa and measurement error using Bland-Altman plots and standard error of measurement. Known-group validity was explored by comparing PFP prevalence between genders and age groups. Results Eighty-four participants were recruited to the comparative study. The receiver operating characteristic curves suggested limiting the questionnaire to the clinical features and knee pain map sections (AUC 0.97 95 % CI 0.94 to 1.00). This combination had high sensitivity and specificity (over 90 %). Measurement error was less than the mean difference between the groups. Test–retest reliability estimates suggest good agreement (N = 51, k = 0.74, 95 % CI 0.52–0.91). The cross-sectional study (N = 110) showed expected differences between genders and age groups but these were not statistically significant. Conclusion A shortened version of the questionnaire, based on clinical features and a knee pain map, has good measurement properties. Further work is needed to validate the questionnaire in community samples

Agronomic and Animal Performance of Different Tall Fescue Varieties

The objective of the tall fescue breeding program is the development of varieties characterized by superior nutritive value (including reduced contents of perloline and loline alkaloids and minimal infestation of the fungal endophyte, Acremonium coenophialum), palatability, disease resistance, and adaptation through the utilization of intergeneric and interspecific hybrid derivatives of ryegrass and tall fescue species. Kentucky 31, Kenwell, and Kenhy were previously released from this breeding program. Johnstone tall fescue, developed cooperatively by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-ARS, was released March 1, 1982 as a new variety. Johnstone is characterized as having low levels of perloline alkaloid and the fungal endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum) and improved forage quality during summer. It is expected that seed of Johnstone will be available commercially during 1985, and a good supply be available for /\u27 spring and summer 1986 plantings

Gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain syndrome: Epidemiology of patellofemoral pain

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the association between gender and the prevalence and incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). One thousand five hundred and twenty-five participants from the United States Naval Academy (USNA) were followed for up to 2.5 years for the development of PFPS. Physicians and certified athletic trainers documented the cases of PFPS. PFPS was defined as retropatellar pain during at least two of the following activities: ascending/descending stairs, hopping/jogging, prolonged sitting, kneeling, and squatting, negative findings on examination of knee ligament, menisci, bursa, and synovial plica, and pain on palpation of either the patellar facets or femoral condyles. Poisson and logistic regressions were performed to determine the association between gender and the incidence and prevalence of PFPS, respectively. The incidence rate for PFPS was 22/1000 person-years. Females were 2.23 times (95% CI: 1.19, 4.20) more likely to develop PFPS compared with males. While not statistically significant, the prevalence of PFPS at study enrollment tended to be higher in females (15%) than in males (12%) (P50.09). Females at the USNA are significantly more likely to develop PFPS than males. Additionally, at the time of admission to the academy, the prevalence of PFPS was not significantly different between genders

1986 Update of Agronomic and Animal Performance of Different Tall Fescue Varieties

The objective of the tall fescue breeding program at the University of Kentucky is the development of varieties characterized by superior nutritive value (including reduced levels of perloline and loline alkaloids), minimal infestation of the fungal endophyte, Acremonium coenophialum), higher palatability, improved disease resistance, and wider adaptation through the derivation of intergeneric and interspecific hybrids of ryegrass and tall fescue species. Kentucky 31, Kenwell, and Kenhy were varieties released from this breeding program. Johnstone tall fescue, developed cooperatively by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA-ARS, is the most recently released variety. It is characterized as having low levels of perloline alkaloid and the fungal endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum) and improved forage quality during summer. Ample Johnstone seed should be available to meet demand during 1986

Rocker jaw: Global context for a Polynesian characteristic

Our goal is to describe the global distribution of the ‘rocker jaw’ variant in human populations. Rocker jaw refers to mandibles that lack the antegonial notch, making them unstable on a flat surface. Data were collected by C.G. Turner II on 9207 individuals from Asia, Europe, the Pacific, and the Americas, and by J.D. Irish on 3526 individuals from North and South Africa. With a focus on Polynesia, where the trait is most common, frequencies are presented for subdivisions of Oceania, Australasia, Eurasia, the Americas, and Africa. While the rocker jaw is a Polynesian characteristic, the trait is found throughout the world. Within major geographic regions, there are interesting contrasts, e.g. (1) the similarity of Jomon and Ainu and their difference from modern Japanese; (2) Aleuts and Northwest Coast Indians are similar and both are distinct from the Inuit and other Native Americans; and (3) North and Sub-Saharan Africans show a regional difference that parallels genetic and dental distinctions. Skeletons in South America that exhibit the rocker jaw have been interpreted as Polynesian voyagers who ventured to the west coast of South America. The rarity of rocker jaw in South American natives supports this view. The rocker jaw can be attributed to the unique basicranium morphology and large upper facial height of Polynesians, which highlights the integrated growth of a functional module (i.e., mastication) of the craniofacial complex. The unusually high frequency of the trait in Polynesians is a product of both function and founder effect/genetic drift