PROFITABILITY AS A LIQUIDITY AND RISK FUNCTION BASING ON THE NEW CONNECT MARKET IN POLAND

In this article the author examines the relationship between profitability and liquidity and risk in emerging companies listed on the New Connect market in Warsaw. This article aims to analyze the five main indicators of profitability expounded by the liquidity ratios that represent different approaches to it. In addition, risk indicators were taken into account in order to deepen the analysis. You may find that different measures profitability are associated with different indicators of liquidity

The Effect of Excess Lithium on the Phase Formation, Structure and Electrical Properties of LLZO Garnet Structured Solid-State Electrolyte

Solid-state lithium ion batteries are currently at the forefront of investigations to replace conventional lithium ion batteries in order to improve overall safety and device performance. Researchers have investigated many substitutes to organic based conventional liquid electrolytes that result in high levels of Li ion conductivity. Cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is a leader among solid-state electrolyte research. Unfortunately, pure LLZO at room temperature is generally a tetragonal structure that is significantly less conductive than cubic LLZO. This research uses a gallium dopant to reach the highly conductive cubic LLZO structure. However, a dopant is not enough to ensure a highly conductive LLZO sample. Lithium evaporates during the calcining and sintering stages of sample preparation. In order to reach an actual composition close to the targeted composition, additional lithium must be added, or lithium loss must be prevented. The goal of this research is to investigate the best methods and amounts of excess lithium to add in order to obtain a composition as close as possible to the targeted compositions. The most common method in literature to combat lithium loss is the addition of an excess lithium precursor to the initial set of precursors. This research studied the effect of excess Li2CO3 precursors in LLZO at zero, ten, twenty, and thirty weight percent excess. Another method studied in this research to prevent lithium loss was using a boating technique with excess lithium carbonate. Half a gram of lithium carbonate was placed on the edges of the sintering crucible, while the sample pellets were in the middle of the crucible untouched by the excess powder. The lithium carbonate powder evaporated during sintering resulting in a build-up of lithium vapor pressure in the crucible which will aid in lithium retention as it is more difficult to evaporate in high vapor pressure conditions. This research found that gallium doped LLZO (Ga0.5Li5.5La3Zr2O12) with ten weight percent excess Li2CO3 precursor along with the boating technique resulted in the highest density and highest conductivity of all samples tested. While more testing needs to be done on this research, the data shows how important lithium content is to produce a highly conductive solid electrolyte

The Jefferson Paradox

This podcast discusses Thomas Jefferson\u27s contradictory life. A very opinionated man with many ideas, he was an anti-slavery activist and advocated black liberty. However, Jefferson believed blacks to be inferior to whites and owned slaves. Interestingly, he also had a relationship with one of his female slaves

Competitividad internacional de las economías de México y Polonia. Un análisis comparativo

This article aims at presenting two economies in terms of competitiveness, using the methodology developed by the World Economic Forum (WEF) basing on 40 years of experience in the preparation of international rankings. A comparative analysis of the economies of Mexico and Poland based on the results obtained by both countries in the Global Competitiveness Index in 2019 has been presented. The aim of this article is to analyse the competitive position in the international context, against the global background and against the relevant regions, considering many factors that make up competitiveness. The strongest and the weakest variables that make up the competitiveness of countries have been identified, and areas where actions are required to improve competitiveness have been indicated. It is concluded that there are many common features of the analysed economies in terms of competitiveness factors and close collaboration between Mexico and Poland may lead to an increase in the level of competitiveness of both economies.  Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar dos economías en términos de competitividad, utilizando la metodología desarrollada por el Foro Económico Mundial (WEF) a partir de 40 años de experiencia en la elaboración de rankings internacionales. Se ha presentado un análisis comparativo de las economías de México y Polonia en base a los resultados obtenidos por ambos países en el Índice de Competitividad Global en 2019. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la posición competitiva en el contexto internacional, en el contexto global y en las regiones relevantes, considerando muchos factores que configuran la competitividad. Se han identificado las variables más fuertes y débiles que conforman la competitividad de los países y se han señalado áreas donde se requieren acciones para mejorar la competitividad. Se concluye que existen muchas características comunes de las economías analizadas en términos de factores de competitividad y la estrecha colaboración entre México y Polonia puede conducir a un aumento en el nivel de competitividad de ambas economías

Justyna Trubalska. Venezuela – democracy at the crossroads?, Episteme Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Lublin 2021, ISBN 978-83-65172-39-6, pp. 58

In recent years, the economic, political and social situation in Venezuela has become an interesting topic for researchers around the world, including those studying democracy. Since this topic is also interesting from the point of view of my research and personal interests, I read with interest the scientific work entitled Venezuela – democracy at the crossroads?, prepared in Polish by Justyna Trubalska (Trubalska, 2021). The monograph was published in 2021 by Episteme Publishing House in Lublin, Poland.In her analysis, the author focused on the processes of Venezuela’s political transformation from 1999 to December 2020. The adoption of this period is justified due to the qualitative change in the systemic transformation process that began when Hugo Chávez took office in 1999 and the continuation of the process during the tenure of President Nicolás Maduro since 2013

An approach for prioritizing “down-the-drain” chemicals used in the household

This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Many chemicals are present in cleaning and personal care products, which after use are washed down the drain and find their way into water bodies, where they may impact the environment. This study surveyed individuals to determine what products were used most in the home, in an attempt to prioritize which compounds may be of most concern. The survey resulted in the identification of 14 categories of products consisting of 315 specific brands. The survey estimated that individuals each discharge almost 33 L of products per year down the drain. Dishwashing liquids and hand wash gels, which accounted for 40% of this volume, were selected for identification of specific ingredients. Ingredients were classified as surfactants, preservatives, fragrances or miscellaneous, with hand wash gels having a wider range of ingredients than dishwashing liquids. A review of the literature suggested that preservatives, which are designed to be toxic, and fragrances, where data on toxicity are limited, should be prioritized. The approach undertaken has successfully estimated use and provisionally identified some classes of chemicals which may be of most concern when used in cleaning and personal care products

WPŁYW CASH FLOW NA WSKAŹNIKI PŁYNNOŚCI NA PRZYKŁADZIE SPÓŁEK TRADYCYJNYCH I INNOWACYJNYCH NOTOWANYCH NA GPW W WARSZAWIE

W badaniu oceniono zależność między wskaźnikami płynności a cash flow z działalności operacyjnej  w spółkach tradycyjnych i innowacyjnych, które były notowane na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie w latach 1997–2010. W celu stwierdzenia zależności między cash flow i wskaźnikami płynności zostały przeprowadzone badania empiryczne polegające na obliczeniu testu na równość średnich poszczególnych wskaźników płynności w grupach podzielonych względem mediany średniego rynkowego poziomu CFFO. Ponadto zbadano współczynniki korelacji pomiędzy zmiennością współczynników płynności (t+1) oraz zmiennością CFFO(t) oraz przeprowadzono analizę regresji. Na podstawie wyników badań autorzy stwierdzili, że istnieje dodatnia zależność między poziomem cash flow z działalności operacyjnej, a poziomami wskaźników płynności w spółkach innowacyjnych co wskazuje na inwestycyjny motyw utrzymywania rezerw przez te spółki przy niskim ryzyku zarządzania płynnością, podczas gdy w spółkach tradycyjnych zidentyfikowano negatywną zależność między CFFO, a statycznymi miarami płynności co może wskazywać na transakcyjny motyw utrzymywania płynnych rezerw tym bardziej, że poziom ryzyka mierzony odchyleniem standardowym dla wskaźników płynności w tej grupie przedsiębiorstw jest znacząco wyższy

Liquidity – Profitability Relationship Analysed Once Again. The Case Of Poland

In this article, a study on relationship between liquidity and profitability of an enterprise are presented. Besides traditional measures of liquidity and profitability, the analysis takes account also of dynamic measures, i.e. the cash conversion cycle and the economic value added. The authors demonstrated that the lack of cohesion in the theory in the case of statistical measures may result from the certain snapshot effect, whereas the analysis of dynamic measures allows the interpretation of ratios consistent with the theory. This article also presents EVA (Economic Value Added) as a financial ratio for the calculation of which not all accounting corrections proposed so far must be used

THE INFLUENCE OF LIQUIDITY ON PROFITABILITY OF POLISH CONSTRUCTION SECTOR COMPANIES

The concept of financial liquidity is not very straight, as it has various aspects, although generally it refers to the current assets and liabilities management. Financial liquidity together with profitability are the core categories of enterprise activities which, in order to function efficiently, the company should treat as equally important. The growth of financial liquidity may negatively influence the company profitability. If the company is to liquid in the static sense than it will affect negatively the profitability since some capital will be frozen in current assets. In this article, the authors analyze theoretical aspects of the relation between liquidity and profitability, whereas the empirical part they examine this interdependence on a group of construction sector companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange