A Diachronic Digital Edition of the Petit Larousse illustré

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Vocabulaire 3D - Lexique pour les Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Ce document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versionCe document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versio

Participatory detection of language barriers towards multilingual sustainability(ies) in Africa

CITATION: Litre, G. et al. 2022. Participatory detection of language barriers towards multilingual sustainability(ies) in Africa. Sustainability, 14(13):8133, doi:10.3390/su14138133.The original publication is available at https://www.mdpi.comAfter decades of political, economic, and scientific efforts, humanity has not gotten any closer to global sustainability. With less than a decade to reach the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) deadline of the 2030 Agenda, we show that global development agendas may be getting lost in translation, from their initial formulation to their final implementation. Sustainability science does not “speak” most of the 2000 languages from Africa, where the lack of indigenous terminology hinders global efforts such as the COVID-19 pandemic fight. Sociolinguistics, social psychology, cognitive ergonomics, geography, environmental sciences, and artificial intelligence (AI) are all relevant disciplinary fields to uncover the “foreign language effect” that hinders the implementation of the SDGs in Africa. We make the case for detecting and addressing language barriers towards multilingual sustainability in Africa by (1) exploring the ”foreign language effect” among African decision-makers and recognising their alternative social representations about sustainability; and (2) detecting Western language stereotypes about sustainability. We propose rethinking SDG-related scientific notions through participatory natural language processing (NLP) and the study of African social representations of sustainability, thus enabling a more inclusive and efficient approach to “sustainability(ies)”.Publisher's versio

Voies, acteurs et modalités du grand commerce en Europe occidentale

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Fluvial response to the last Holocene rapid climate change in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastlands

The variability of fluvial activity in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastal lowlands and its relationship with modes of climate change were analysed from the late 9th to the 18th centuries CE. Geochemical analyses were undertaken from a lagoonal sequence and surrounding sediments in order to track the fluvial inputs into the lagoon. An index based on the K/S and Rb/S ratios was used to evidence the main periods of fluvial activity. This index reveals that the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) was a drier period characterized by a lower fluvial activity, while the Little Ice Age (LIA) was a wetter period with an increase of the river dynamics. Three periods of higher than average fluvial activity were evidenced at the end of the first millennium CE (ca. 900–950 cal yr CE), in the first half of the second millennium CE (ca. 1150–1550 cal yr CE), and during the 1600s–1700s CE (ca. 1650–1800 cal yr CE). The comparison of these fluvial periods with other records of riverine or lacustrine floods in Spain, Italy, and South of France seems to indicate a general increase in fluvial and flood patterns in the Northwestern Mediterranean in response to the climate change from the MCA to the LIA, although some episodes of flooding are not found in all records. Besides, the phases of higher than average fluvial dynamics are in good agreement with the North Atlantic cold events evidenced from records of ice-rafted debris. The evolution of fluvial activity in the Northwestern Mediterranean coastlands during the last millennium could have been driven by atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns.Keyword

A Diachronic Digital Edition of the Petit Larousse illustré

International audienc

A Diachronic Digital Edition of the Petit Larousse illustré

International audienc

Preload Dependency of 2D Right Ventricle Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Parameters in Healthy Volunteers: A Prospective Pilot Study

International audience(1) Background: Right ventricular (RV) strain parameters derived from the analysis of the tricuspid annular displacement (TAD) are emergent two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) parameter used for the quantitative assessment of RV systolic function. Few data are available regarding 2D-STE parameters and their dependency on RV preload. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of an acute change in RV preload on 2D-STE parameters in healthy volunteers. (2) Methods: Acute modification of RV preload was performed by a fluid challenge (FC): an infusion of 500 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride was given over 5 min in supine position. Preload dependency (responder group) was confirmed by a stroke volume increase of at least 10% measured by echocardiography. (3) Results: Among 32 healthy volunteers, 19 (59%) subjects were classified as non-responders and 13 (41%) as responders. In the responder group, the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) significantly increased (20 (20-23.5) mm to 24 (20.5-26.5) mm; p = 0.018), while RV strain parameters significantly decreased after FC: -23.5 ((-22.3)-(-27.3))% to -25 ((-24)-(29.6))%; p = 0.03) for RV free wall longitudinal strain and -22.8 ((-20.4)-(-30.7))% to -23.7 ((-21.2)-(-27))%; p = 0.02) for RV four-chamber longitudinal strain. 2D-STE parameters derived from the TAD analysis were not influenced by the FC (all p > 0.05). (4) Conclusions: In young, healthy volunteers, RV strain parameters and TAPSE are preload dependent, while TAD parameters were not. The loading conditions must be accounted for when evaluating RV systolic function by 2D-STE parameters

Automated left atrial strain analysis for predicting atrial fibrillation in severe COVID-19 pneumonia: a prospective study

International audienceBackground Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most documented arrhythmia in COVID-19 pneumonia. Left atrial (LA) strain (LAS) analysis, a marker of LA contractility, have been associated with the development of AF in several clinical situations. We aimed to assess the diagnostic ability of LA strain parameters to predict AF in patients with severe hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia. We conducted a prospective single center study in Amiens University Hospital intensive care unit (ICU) (France). Adult patients with severe or critical COVID-19 pneumonia according to the World Health Organization definition and in sinus rhythm were included. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed within 48 h of ICU admission. LA strain analysis was performed by an automated software. The following LA strain parameters were recorded: LA strain during reservoir phase (LASr), LA strain during conduit phase (LAScd) and LA strain during contraction phase (LASct). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of AF during ICU stay. Results From March 2020 to February of 2021, 79 patients were included. Sixteen patients (20%) developed AF in ICU. Patients of the AF group were significantly older with a higher SAPS II score than those without AF. LAScd and LASr were significantly more impaired in the AF group compared to the other group (- 8.1 [- 6.3; - 10.9] vs. - 17.2 [- 5.0; - 10.2] %; P - 11% and 8 +/- 4% with LAScd <= - 11% (log rank test P value < 0.0001). Conclusion For patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, development of AF during ICU stay is common (20%). LAS parameters seem useful in predicting AF within the first 48 h of ICU admission. Trial registration: NCT04354558

Vocabulaire 3D - Lexique pour les Sciences Humaines et Sociales

Ce document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versionCe document est le résultat d’un effort continu pour permettre aux acteurs des SHS et ceux de la 3D d’interagir autour d’un vocabulaire commun. Ce lexique a pour but d’accompagner les différents livrables du consortium 3D. Il a aussi vocation à terme à aider à l’enrichissement de TaDiRAH , « Taxonomy of Digital Research Activities in the Humani-ties » du consortium européen DARIAH . Ce processus continu est illustré par le fait que ce document en est à sa deuxième versio