Student-Donor Memberships Within Collegiate Athletics

A popular approach for showing support to collegiate athletics is by becoming a member to a college or university’s athletic annual fund. These memberships are created through an annual charitable contribution that is then exchanged for the equivalent benefits associated with the amount or giving level a person selects. Although they are not a norm within athletic annual fund, student-donor memberships are offered to current college students as a way for them to begin thinking about philanthropic giving before they graduate and leave school. As a result of the limited research that exists on donor memberships in general, the purpose of this study was to discover the primary characteristics associated with offering student-donor memberships within collegiate athletics. To further understand the benefits for offering student-donor memberships, the author used qualitative, semi-structured interviews to allow for each participant’s unique beliefs, feelings, and insights on the topic to be further explored. The participants that were interviewed within this study consisted of NCAA Division I fundraising and development associates that have had experience working with student-donor memberships. The results of this study produced five primary factors associated with student-donor memberships: structure, benefits, membership fee, communication, and branding. Additionally, the “transactional vs. transformational” and “experiences” sub-categories, both presented within the benefits theme, were significant facets of student-donor memberships that stimulated the interest of the fundraising associates being interviewed. This study contributes to literature within the realm of philanthropy, applying primarily to fundraising practices, donor relations, and structuring donor memberships. This research is useful due to there being no existing data on student-donors within collegiate athletics, but it does contribute to furthering the research conducted on donor motives within an athletic annual fund, as we attempt to extend the donor lifecycle

Hierarchal genetic stratigraphy of the Neva Limestone Member of the Grenola Limestone and Eskridge Shale (Lower Permian) in northeastern Kansas

Typescript (photocopy).Department: Geology

Considering temporal aspects in recommender systems: a survey

Under embargo until: 2023-07-04The widespread use of temporal aspects in user modeling indicates their importance, and their consideration showed to be highly effective in various domains related to user modeling, especially in recommender systems. Still, past and ongoing research, spread over several decades, provided multiple ad-hoc solutions, but no common understanding of the issue. There is no standardization and there is often little commonality in considering temporal aspects in different applications. This may ultimately lead to the problem that application developers define ad-hoc solutions for their problems at hand, sometimes missing or neglecting aspects that proved to be effective in similar cases. Therefore, a comprehensive survey of the consideration of temporal aspects in recommender systems is required. In this work, we provide an overview of various time-related aspects, categorize existing research, present a temporal abstraction and point to gaps that require future research. We anticipate this survey will become a reference point for researchers and practitioners alike when considering the potential application of temporal aspects in their personalized applications.acceptedVersio

Characterizing Movement Patterns of Older Individuals with T2D in Free-Living Environments Using Wearable Accelerometers

(1) Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to frailty. This study aims to analyze the movement patterns (MPs) of older individuals with T2D across varying levels of physical capacity (PC). (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged 60 or older with T2D. Participants (n = 103) were equipped with a blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system and an activity monitoring device for one week. PC tests were performed at the beginning and end of the week, and participants were categorized into three groups: low PC (LPC), medium PC (MPC), and normal PC (NPC). Group differences in MPs and physical activity were analyzed using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests for both categorical and continuous variables. Dunn post-hoc statistical tests were subsequently carried out for pairwise comparisons. For data analysis, we utilized pandas, a Python-based data analysis tool, and conducted the statistical analyses using the scipy.stats package in Python. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. (3) Results: Participants in the LPC group showed lower medio-lateral acceleration and higher vertical and antero-posterior acceleration compared to the NPC group. LPC participants also had higher root mean square values (1.017 m/s2). Moreover, the LPC group spent less time performing in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and had fewer daily steps than the MPC and NPC groups. (4) Conclusions: The LPC group exhibited distinct movement patterns and lower activity levels compared to the NPC group. This study is the first to characterize the MPs of older individuals with T2D in their free-living environment. Several accelerometer-derived features were identified that could differentiate between PC groups. This novel approach offers a manpower-free alternative to identify physical deterioration and detect low PC in individuals with T2D based on real free-living physical behavior

Primary Hodgkin lymphoma of the lung arising with hemoptysis and pulmonary consolidation: a case report.

Classic Hodgkin lymphomas are neoplasms originating from lymphoid tissue. Primary extranodal classic Hodgkin lymphoma (PE-cHL) of the lung is rare. A 37-year-old Caucasian male was referred to our hospital for recurrent episodes of hemoptysis, cough and bronchitis. A CT scan showed a massive left upper lung consolidation, which was positive at the PET scan. After several inconclusive tests and no benefit from medical therapies, the patient underwent a left upper lobectomy; pathology report showed a classical type Hodgkin lymphoma with no lymph-nodes involvement. Four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy were administered with no toxicity. At the last follow up 14 months after surgery, the patient is alive and free from disease. Primary extranodal classical Hodgkin lymphoma of the lung is a rare entity, but it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young patients with pulmonary consolidation even without systemic symptoms

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast: diagnostic agreement and impact on outcome

The classification of breast neuroendocrine neoplasms (Br-NENs) was modified many times over the years and is still a matter of discussion. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic reproducibility and impact on patient outcomes of the most recent WHO 2019 edition of breast tumor classification, namely, for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). This multicentric observational study included 287 breast neoplasms with NE differentiation. The cases were blindly classified by three independent groups of dedicated breast and/or endocrine pathologists following the 2019 guidelines. Diagnostic concordance and clinical impact were assessed. We observed only a moderate overall diagnostic agreement across the three centers (Cohen’s kappa 0.4532) in distinguishing NET from solid papillary carcinomas (SPCs) and no special type carcinomas (NST) with NE differentiation. Br-NENs were diagnosed in 122/287 (42.5%) cases, subclassified as 11 NET G1 (3.8%), 84 NET G2 (29.3%), and 27 NEC (9.4%), the latter group consisting of 26 large-cell and 1 small-cell NECs. The remaining 165/287 (57.5%) cases were labeled as non-NEN, including SPC, mucinous, NST, and mixed NE carcinomas. While NET and non-NEN cases had a comparable outcome, the diagnosis of NECs showed negative impact on disease-free interval compared to NETs and non-NENs (p = 0.0109). In conclusion, the current diagnostic classification of Br-NENs needs further adjustments regarding morphological and immunohistochemical criteria to increase the diagnostic reproducibility among pathologists. Our data suggest that, apart from high-grade small- and large-cell NECs, Br-NENs behave like non-NEN breast carcinomas and should be managed similarly

PD-L1 expression heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer: Evaluation of small biopsies reliability

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, allowing recovery of effector cells function, has demonstrated to be highly effective in many tumor types and represents a true revolution in oncology. Recently, the anti-PD1 agent pembrolizumab was granted FDA approval for the first line treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors show PD-L1 expression in \ue2\u89\ua5 50% of neoplastic cells and as a second line treatment for patients with NSCLC expressing PD-L1 in \ue2\u89\ua51% of neoplastic cells, evaluated with a validated assay. For the large majority of patients such evaluation is made on small biopsies. However, small tissue samples such as core biopsies might not be representative of tumors and may show divergent results given the possible heterogeneous immunoexpression of the biomarker. We therefore sought to evaluate PD-L1 expression concordance in a cohort of 239 patients using tissue microarrays (TMA) as surrogates of biopsies stained with a validated PD-L1 immunohistochemical assay (SP263) and report the degree of discordance among tissue cores in order to understand how such heterogeneity could affect decisions regarding therapy. We observed a discordance rate of 20% and 7.9% and a Cohen's \uce\uba value of 0.53 (moderate) and 0,48 (moderate) for \ue2\u89\ua5 1% and \ue2\u89\ua5 50% cutoffs, respectively. Our results suggest that caution must be taken when evaluating single biopsies from patients with advanced NSCLC eligible for immunotherapy; moreover, at least 4 biopsies are necessary in order to minimize the risk of tumor misclassification

Biopsy confirmation of metastatic sites in breast cancer patients:clinical impact and future perspectives

Determination of hormone receptor (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status in the primary tumor is clinically relevant to define breast cancer subtypes, clinical outcome,and the choice of therapy. Retrospective and prospective studies suggest that there is substantial discordance in receptor status between primary and recurrent breast cancer. Despite this evidence and current recommendations,the acquisition of tissue from metastatic deposits is not routine practice. As a consequence, therapeutic decisions for treatment in the metastatic setting are based on the features of the primary tumor. Reasons for this attitude include the invasiveness of the procedure and the unreliable outcome of biopsy, in particular for biopsies of lesions at complex visceral sites. Improvements in interventional radiology techniques mean that most metastatic sites are now accessible by minimally invasive methods, including surgery. In our opinion, since biopsies are diagnostic and changes in biological features between the primary and secondary tumors can occur, the routine biopsy of metastatic disease needs to be performed. In this review, we discuss the rationale for biopsy of suspected breast cancer metastases, review issues and caveats surrounding discordance of biomarker status between primary and metastatic tumors, and provide insights for deciding when to perform biopsy of suspected metastases and which one (s) to biopsy. We also speculate on the future translational implications for biopsy of suspected metastatic lesions in the context of clinical trials and the establishment of bio-banks of biopsy material taken from metastatic sites. We believe that such bio-banks will be important for exploring mechanisms of metastasis. In the future,advances in targeted therapy will depend on the availability of metastatic tissue

Pathological and clinical features of multiple cancers and lung adenocarcinoma: a multicentre study

OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer is increasingly diagnosed as a second cancer. Our goal was to analyse the characteristics and outcomes of early-stage resected lung adenocarcinomas in patients with previous cancers (PC) and correlations with adenocarcinoma subtypes.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data of patients radically operated on for stage I-II lung adenocarcinoma in 9 thoracic surgery departments between 2014 and 2017. Overall survival (OS) and time to disease relapse were evaluated between subgroups.RESULTS: We included 700 consecutive patients. PC were present in 260 (37.1%). Breast adenocarcinoma, lung cancer and prostate cancer were the most frequent (21.5%, 11.5% and 11.2%, respectively). No significant differences in OS were observed between the PC and non-PC groups (P = 0.378), with 31 and 75 deaths, respectively. Patients with PC had smaller tumours and were more likely to receive sublobar resection and to be operated on with a minimally invasive approach. Previous gastric cancer (P = 0.042) and synchronous PC (when diagnosed up to 6 months before lung adenocarcinoma; P = 0.044) were related, with a worse OS. Colon and breast adenocarcinomas and melanomas were significantly related to a lower incidence of high grade (solid or micropapillary, P = 0.0039, P = 0.005 and P = 0.028 respectively), whereas patients affected by a previous lymphoma had a higher incidence of a micropapillary pattern (P = 0.008).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with PC, we found smaller tumours more frequently treated with minimally invasive techniques and sublobar resection, probably due to a more careful follow-up. The impact on survival is not uniform and predictable; however, breast and colon cancers and melanoma showed a lower incidence of solid or micropapillary patterns whereas patients with lymphomas had a higher incidence of a micropapillary pattern

Impact of High‑Grade Patterns in Early‑Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicentric Analysis

Objective The presence of micropapillary and solid adenocarcinoma patterns leads to a worse survival and a signifcantly higher tendency to recur. This study aims to assess the impact of pT descriptor combined with the presence of high-grade components on long-term outcomes in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas. Methods We retrospectively collected data of consecutive resected pT1-T3N0 lung adenocarcinoma from nine European Thoracic Centers. All patients who underwent a radical resection with lymph-node dissection between 2014 and 2017 were included. Diferences in Overall Survival (OS) and Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and possible prognostic factors associated with outcomes were evaluated also after performing a propensity score matching to compare tumors containing non-highgrade and high-grade patterns. Results Among 607 patients, the majority were male and received a lobectomy. At least one high-grade histological pattern was seen in 230 cases (37.9%), of which 169 solid and 75 micropapillary. T1a-b-c without high-grade pattern had a signifcant better prognosis compared to T1a-b-c with high-grade pattern (p=0.020), but the latter had similar OS compared to T2a (p=0.277). Concurrently, T1a-b-c without micropapillary or solid patterns had a signifcantly better DFS compared to those with high-grade patterns (p=0.034), and it was similar to T2a (p=0.839). Multivariable analysis confrms the role of T descriptor according to high-grade pattern both for OS (p=0.024; HR 1.285 95% CI 1.033–1.599) and DFS (p=0.003; HR 1.196, 95% CI 1.054–1.344, respectively). These results were confrmed after the propensity score matching analysis. Conclusions pT1 lung adenocarcinomas with a high-grade component have similar prognosis of pT2a tumors