Agribusiness in Argentina: Effects on the Toba Qom Indigenous Community

From the Washington University Senior Honors Thesis Abstracts (WUSHTA), Spring 2018. Published by the Office of Undergraduate Research. Joy Zalis Kiefer, Director of Undergraduate Research and Associate Dean in the College of Arts & Sciences; Lindsey Paunovich, Editor; Helen Human, Programs Manager and Assistant Dean in the College of Arts and Sciences Mentor: Glenn Ston

Appreciative inquiry as a resource for positive change in a church ministry

The purpose of this action research study was to understand the contribution of an appreciative inquiry (AI) intervention to a church ministry. Twenty-three ministry stakeholders participated in a 9-hour, 2-day AI process. Immediate post-event survey results indicated participant agreement that the AI intervention created a shared vision for the ministry. Survey data were analyzed using content analysis to identify four areas of opportunity for ministry growth and development. All participants reported interest in supporting these opportunities in the ensuring 3 months. Participants rated seven potential factors to support the implementation of opportunities. Recommendations are offered for the study organization and churches considering the use of AI. This study was intended to contribute to the continuing development of AI practice and theory for churches. The principles, practices, and the results generated from it are hoped to provide value in planning AI interventions within other congregations

Evaluating Quality of Decision-Making Processes in Medicines' Development, Regulatory Review, and Health Technology Assessment : A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Although pharmaceutical companies, regulatory authorities, and health technology assessment (HTA) agencies have been increasingly using decision-making frameworks, it is not certain whether these enable better quality decision making. This could be addressed by formally evaluating the quality of decision-making process within those organizations. The aim of this literature review was to identify current techniques (tools, questionnaires, surveys, and studies) for measuring the quality of the decision-making process across the three stakeholders. Methods: Using MEDLINE, Web of Knowledge, and other Internet-based search engines, a literature review was performed to systematically identify techniques for assessing quality of decision making in medicines development, regulatory review, and HTA. A structured search was applied using key words and a secondary review was carried out. In addition, the measurement properties of each technique were assessed and compared. Ten Quality Decision-Making Practices (QDMPs) developed previously were then used as a framework for the evaluation of techniques identified in the review. Due to the variation in studies identified, meta-analysis was inappropriate. Results: This review identified 13 techniques, where 7 were developed specifically to assess decision making in medicines' development, regulatory review, or HTA; 2 examined corporate decision making, and 4 general decision making. Regarding how closely each technique conformed to the 10 QDMPs, the 13 techniques assessed a median of 6 QDMPs, with a mode of 3 QDMPs. Only 2 techniques evaluated all 10 QDMPs, namely the Organizational IQ and the Quality of Decision Making Orientation Scheme (QoDoS), of which only one technique, QoDoS could be applied to assess decision making of both individuals and organizations, and it possessed generalizability to capture issues relevant to companies as well as regulatory authorities. Conclusion: This review confirmed a general paucity of research in this area, particularly regarding the development and systematic application of techniques for evaluating quality decision making, with no consensus around a gold standard. This review has identified QoDoS as the most promising available technique for assessing decision making in the lifecycle of medicines and the next steps would be to further test its validity, sensitivity, and reliability.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Digitonin-Loaded Nanoscale Metal–Organic Framework for Mitochondria-Targeted Radiotherapy-Radiodynamic Therapy and Disulfidptosis

The efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) is limited by inefficient X-ray absorption and reactive oxygen species generation, upregulation of immunosuppressive factors, and a reducing tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, the design of a mitochondria-targeted and digitonin (Dig)-loaded nanoscale metal-organic framework, Th-Ir-DBB/Dig, is reported to overcome these limitations and elicit strong antitumor effects upon low-dose X-ray irradiation. Built from Th6O4(OH)4 secondary building units (SBUs) and photosensitizing Ir(DBB)(ppy)22+ (Ir-DBB, DBB = 4,4′-di(4-benzoato)−2,2′-bipyridine; ppy = 2-phenylpyridine) ligands, Th-Ir-DBB exhibits strong RT-radiodynamic therapy (RDT) effects via potent radiosensitization with high-Z SBUs for hydroxyl radical generation and efficient excitation of Ir-DBB ligands for singlet oxygen production. Th-Ir-DBB/Dig releases digitonin in acidic TMEs to trigger disulfidptosis of cancer cells and sensitize cancer cells to RT-RDT through glucose and glutathione depletion. The released digitonin simultaneously downregulates multiple immune checkpoints in cancer cells and T cells through cholesterol depletion. As a result, Th-Ir-DBB/dig plus X-ray irradiation induces strong antitumor immunity to effectively inhibit tumor growth in mouse models of colon and breast cancer

A Dynamic Contextual Change Management Application for Real Time Decision-Making Support

Decision making is a fundamental process within organizations for many reasons. It is indeed involved at all levels (new product decisions, management and marketing decisions, etc.) and has a direct impact on companies’ efficiency and effectiveness. Many researches are conducted to enhance the decision-making process by proposing decision support systems where the most frequent challenge is the change management. Indeed, all businesses operate within an environment that is subject to constant changes (like new customers’ needs and requirements, organisational and technological changes, changes in key information used to derive decisions, etc.). These changes have a major impact on the quality and accuracy of the proposed decision if they are not detected and propagated, at the right time, during the decision-making process. The present work attempts to resolve this challenge by proposing a dynamic change management technique that allows three tasks to be automatically performed. First, continuously detect changes and note them. Second, retrieve from the detected changes those that are related to the decision rules. Finally, propagate them by computing the new value of the decision rule. The proposal has been fully implemented and tested in the supervision process of gas network exploitation.projet FUI Gontran

Gaels, Galls and Friars: The Dominican Order and Ethnic Tension in Ireland, 1224-1536

When the Dominicans arrived in Ireland in 1224, they entered a society plagued by warfare and constant conflict, especially between the native Gaelic Irish and the colonizing Anglo-Normans. Despite edicts from the highest levels of the order that emphasized these cultural differences, the Dominicans operated within these pluralistic communities, negotiating ethnic conflict to ultimately become a successful and well-loved institution. This project explores how Dominican friars living and working in Ireland were able to depart from these directives and engage with both Gaelic Irish and Anglo-Normans in ways that endeared them to both populations

Value-Driven Library Publishing Services at Research-Oriented Universities and Small Academic Libraries

Library publishing services have become more common over the past two decades, as traditional scholarly publishing models have become less attractive and affordable. These library-driven projects reflect the values underpinning librarianship, most notably support for open access. Library-driven publishing projects also reflect the values and missions of their parent institutions. Most scholarship has focused on the publishing contributions of libraries situated at large, research-oriented institutions, which tend to prioritize faculty interest and operate in a prestige economy. However, small academic libraries, while usually possessing fewer resources, have also undertaken both conventional and more innovative publishing projects that reflect their student-centered and values-driven missions, representing a vital addition to the scholarly publishing landscape