Posicionamiento de FAI-NEXAPA en España

Tretzenes Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2007-2008

In search for the role of thermospermine synthase gene in poplar vascular development

This work is supported by the FCT project PTDC/AGR-GPL/098369/2008 and FCT PhD grant SFRH/BD/30074/2006 (A.M.).Peer Reviewe

Combinando Linked Data con servicios geoespaciales

La Web de Linked Data supone un nuevo paradigma que pretende explotar la Web como un espacio global de información. La aplicación de los principios de esta nueva Web a la información geoespacial superará la integración de información tradicional, logrando una articulación semántica de los datos que haga desaparecer los silos de datos presentes en las actuales Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales. Ante esta propuesta, en este artículo se describe el trabajo desarrollado en el marco de un caso de uso utilizando una parte de los datos del SIGNA. En este caso de uso se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de generación y publicación de los mencionados datos conforme a los principios de Linked Data y estos se combinan con diversos servicios de la IDEE y CartoCiudad para explotar el componente geoespacial

Incremental Fermi Large Area Telescope fourth source catalog

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMWe present an incremental version (4FGL-DR3, for Data Release 3) of the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog of 3-ray sources. Based on the first 12 years of science data in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it contains 6658 sources. The analysis improves on that used for the 4FGL catalog over eight years of data: more sources are fit with curved spectra, we introduce a more robust spectral parameterization for pulsars, and we extend the spectral points to 1 TeV. The spectral parameters, spectral energy distributions, and associations are updated for all sources. Light curves are rebuilt for all sources with 1 yr intervals (not 2 month intervals). Among the 5064 original 4FGL sources, 16 were deleted, 112 are formally below the detection threshold over 12 yr (but are kept in the list), while 74 are newly associated, 10 have an improved association, and seven associations were withdrawn. Pulsars are split explicitly between young and millisecond pulsars. Pulsars and binaries newly detected in LAT sources, as well as more than 100 newly classified blazars, are reported. We add three extended sources and 1607 new point sources, mostly just above the detection threshold, among which eight are considered identified, and 699 have a plausible counterpart at other wavelengths. We discuss the degree-scale residuals to the global sky model and clusters of soft unassociated point sources close to the Galactic plane, which are possibly related to limitations of the interstellar emission model and missing extended source

Transcriptional diversification and functional conservation between DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis

[EN] Plasticity and robustness of signaling pathways partly rely on genetic redundancy, although the precise mechanism that provides functional specificity to the different redundant elements in a given process is often unknown. In Arabidopsis, functional redundancy in gibberellin signaling has been largely attributed to the presence of five members of the DELLA family of transcriptional regulators. Here, we demonstrate that two evolutionarily and functionally divergent DELLA proteins, RGL2 and RGA, can perform exchangeable functions when they are expressed under control of the reciprocal promoter. Furthermore, both DELLA proteins display equivalent abilities to interact with PIF4 and with other bHLH transcription factors with a reported role in the control of cell growth and seed germination. Therefore, we propose that functional diversification of Arabidopsis DELLA proteins has largely relied on changes in their gene expression patterns rather than on their ability to interact with different regulatory partners, model also supported by a clustering analysis of DELLA transcript profiles over a range of organs and growth conditions that revealed specific patterns of expression for each of these genes.We deeply appreciate the help of Marta Trenor and Laura Garcia-Carcel in the initial stages of this work. We also thank Tai-ping Sun (Duke University) and the Arabidpsis Biological Resource Center for seeds, Marta Boter for the pGBKT7 and pGADT7 Gateway vectors, Santiago Elena (IBMCP, CSIC-UPV) for useful comments on the manuscript, and Francois Parcy (IRTSV, CNRS-CEA) for fruitful discussions and hosting MAB. Work in the authors' laboratories is funded by grants BIO2007-60923 and BIO2005-07284 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. J.G.B. is the recipient of a CSIC I3P Fellowship and J.A.M. is the recipient of a Fellowship from the Fundacion "la Caixa.Gallego-Bartolome, J.; Minguet, E.; Marin, JA.; Prat, S.; Blazquez Rodriguez, MA.; Alabadí Diego, D. (2010). Transcriptional diversification and functional conservation between DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 27(6):1247-1256. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msq0121247125627

The impact of plant biotechnology on food allergy

Concerns about food allergy and its societal growth are intertwined with the growing advances in plant biotechnology. The knowledge of plant genes and protein structures provides the key foundation to understanding biochemical processes that produce food allergy. Biotechnology offers the prospect of producing low-allergen or allergen null plants that could mitigate the allergic response. Modified low-IgE binding variants of allergens could be used as a vaccine to build immunotolerance in sensitive individuals. The potential to introduce new allergens into the food supply by biotechnology products is a regulatory concern. Introduction Food allergies are a growing concern in the industrialized countries where the percentage of the population that exhibit clinical food allergies has increased rapidly over the past few decades Plant biotechnology has had a major role in defining the problems of food allergy. Modifying food plants presents the potential to provide a means to address the problems of sensitization and management of food allergies. As plant biotechnology is used as production platforms to produce altered food and feed as well as industrial products there is potential that this will inadvertently produce potent food allergies is a risk, but how to define that risk is a continuing problem. Using the plant biotechnology tool kit and its implications for food defining allergy Biotechnology has revolutionized our understanding of which proteins are food allergens, how these proteins are related and often closely related to other members of the same family that are not known to be allergens. Using the sequence databases many food allergen proteins have had maps of antigenic sites produced and these antigenic sites have been placed on crystal structures. [5,6,7 ]. The interpretation from this is that only a small fraction of proteins, perhaps 2%, are allergens however this should be viewed with caution as the vast majority of proteins produced by any cell are accumulated at levels that are below the threshold for sensitization or hypersensitive Seed storage proteins including 2S albumins, 7 S vicilins, and 11 S legumin family of proteins include the most potent of the plant allergens responsible for most plantsource induced anaphylaxis deaths. The 2S storage proteins of tree nuts as well as the 2S proteins of sunflower and peanut result in instances of anaphylaxis death. Other seeds have abundant 2S proteins including the Brassicas and the Cucurbit squashes are much more rarely allergenic. Similar broad allergenic responses have demonstrated with the lipid transfer proteins (LTP) with many examples from seed and from vegetative parts of the plant such as tap-roots and fruit being dominant allergens [11 ]. LTP examples include carrot, peach, apple, beet-root as well as seeds including tree nuts and peanuts with some sensitive people broadly reactive to the LTPs of diverse species. Even in closely related plants such legume seeds where the 7S proteins of peanut and soybean are significant allergens while the homologous 7S proteins of the common green bean appears to be rarely allergenic. Altering plants and their allergens to mitigate food allegenicity Attempts have been made to reduce allergenicity by producing allergen-reduced or allergen-null plants by biotechnology or by selection as a proof of concept. These experiments have demonstrated that it is feasible to completely eliminate specific allergens from food plants. Beginning with the first attempts to partially silence the rice allergen [12,13], to completely eliminating a major allergen of soybean [14,15] [25 ,26 ,27 ]. This approach has been used for peanut and has resulted in identifying peanuts lines null for Ara h 2 the major demonstrated allergen [28,29 ]. One of the difficulties in using genetic modification or nulls to create low-allergen or hypoallergenic seeds is that for many seeds the allergenic proteins account for the dominant portion of the seed proteome A further complication in silencing part of a seed's protein content is that seeds generally appear to compensate for a shortfall of a major protein by accumulating other seed proteins to maintain a relatively constant protein content. Soybeans with silenced b-conglycinin storage protein the protein content was compensated by increased accumulation of glycinin storage protein that maintains the normal 39% protein level [14]. b-conglycinin is an established IgE binding protein so silencing removes one allergen replaced by glycinin also an IgE binding protein. Whether this is a net loss or gain of allergenicity has not been tested on sensitized people. This observation was one of the first of what is emerging to be a broader potential problem and opportunity with strategies to alter seed allergenicity by producing nulls of major seed allergens. Because each event of silencing a major protein, The IgE binding proteins of many allergenic seeds comprise the large majority of the seed's protein content. Soybean has 16 described allergens of which 7 (italics) are illustrated on the two dimensional gel of the total seed proteins. The pie chart shows the relative abundance of the 7 allergens determined by spot volume analysis that together are in excess of 60% of the total proteins. This illustrates the problem of modifying seeds to create allergen nulls with most of the protein content and valued nutritional composition being the seed allergens. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 2011, 22:224-230 www.sciencedirect.com Immunotherapy is a promising treatment approach for pre-existing food allergy where small and increasing doses of an antigen is given to a sensitive individual to build up immunotolerance ([37 ], for review). While many clinical tests of immunotherapy have been conducted with extracts of the whole allergenic source, peanut, for example, there is a biotechnological variant of this approach that may prove effective and suitable to standardize as a vaccine. With comprehensive transcript and genomic sequences the entire gene families encoding allergenic proteins have been determined. These sequences are used to produce comprehensive peptide maps of the allergen then the IgE binding sites for the gene family members can be determined (e.g. [8][9][10] Good gut health may have an important role in impeding the acquisition of food allergy. Gut health and general health can be improved by micronutrients and there many projects underway to produce functional foods with enhanced nutrient content ([37 ] for review). Among these micronutrients b-carotene produced in plants will on demand be cleaved to produce vitamin A. There are many projects underway to improve b-carotene content in plant foods of which the 'golden rice' project Food allergy and the deployment of plant biotechnology Two biotechnology-generated events catapulted the awareness of the potential for biotechnology to increased allergenic risk as a consequence of introducing new traits into plants. Most seeds do not possess an optimum balance of amino acids, fatty acids, and other constituents for use as food and feed. Among the earliest goals of plant biotechnology were efforts to rebalance essential amino acid content to be more aligned with food and feed needs. Among the strategies tested was the expression of highsulfur content 2S storage protein genes derived from the Brazil nut in soybean. The use of this strategy was aborted when it was recognized that the 2S storage proteins from tree nuts are potent allergens and correlated with potentially lethal anaphylaxis Biotechnology offers the prospect to express and accumulate essentially any protein from any source in plants. Laboratory-level studies have produced antibodies, vaccines, enzymes, food/feed proteins, and many other potential products in diverse plants. Plant-based production offers the economic advantages of mass protein production using the efficient multiplier of agricultural production. The continuing use, and need, for conventional crop plants as production platforms will require protocols to evaluate the potential for novel proteins including synthetic proteins to be food allergens. The impact of plant biotechnology on food allergy Herman and Burks 227 Conclusion

The role of a class III gibberellin 2-oxidase in tomato internode elongation

[EN] A network of environmental inputs and internal signaling controls plant growth, development and organ elongation. In particular, the growth-promoting hormone gibberellin (GA) has been shown to play a significant role in organ elongation. The use of tomato as a model organism to study elongation presents an opportunity to study the genetic control of internode-specific elongation in a eudicot species with a sympodial growth habit and substantial internodes that can and do respond to external stimuli. To investigate internode elongation, a mutant with an elongated hypocotyl and internodes but wild-type petioles was identified through a forward genetic screen. In addition to stem-specific elongation, this mutant, named tomato internode elongated -1 (tie-1) is more sensitive to the GA biosynthetic inhibitor paclobutrazol and has altered levels of intermediate and bioactive GAs compared with wild-type plants. The mutation responsible for the internode elongation phenotype was mapped to GA2oxidase 7, a class III GA 2-oxidase in the GA biosynthetic pathway, through a bulked segregant analysis and bioinformatic pipeline, and confirmed by transgenic complementation. Furthermore, bacterially expressed recombinant TIE protein was shown to have bona fide GA 2-oxidase activity. These results define a critical role for this gene in internode elongation and are significant because they further the understanding of the role of GA biosynthetic genes in organ-specific elongation.This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation Grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303. We thank the Tomato Genetics Resource Center for providing seed of the M82 and Heinz cultivars. The material was developed by and/or obtained from the UC Davis/C M Rick Tomato Genetics Resource Center and maintained by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. We thank Anthony Bolger, Alisdair Fernie and Bjorn Usadel for providing us with access to pre-publication genomic reads of the S. lycopersicum cultivar M82, and Cristina Urbez and Noel Blanco-Tourinan (IBMCP, Spain) for technical help with in vitro production of TIE1. This work was supported in part by the Elsie Taylor Stocking Memorial Fellowship awarded to ASL in 2013, by NSF grant IOS-0820854, by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture project CA-D-PLB-2465-H, by internal UC Davis funds, and by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness grant BFU2016-80621-P.Lavelle, A.; Gath, N.; Devisetty, U.; Carrera Bergua, E.; Lopez Diaz, I.; Blazquez Rodriguez, MA.; Maloof, J. (2018). The role of a class III gibberellin 2-oxidase in tomato internode elongation. 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Genome dynamics explain the evolution of flowering time CCT domain gene families in the Poaceae

Numerous CCT domain genes are known to control flowering in plants. They belong to the CONSTANS-like (COL) and PREUDORESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) gene families, which in addition to a CCT domain possess B-box or response-regulator domains, respectively. Ghd7 is the most recently identified COL gene to have a proven role in the control of flowering time in the Poaceae. However, as it lacks B-box domains, its inclusion within the COL gene family, technically, is incorrect. Here, we show Ghd7 belongs to a larger family of previously uncharacterized Poaceae genes which possess just a single CCT domain, termed here CCT MOTIF FAMILY (CMF) genes. We molecularly describe the CMF (and related COL and PRR) gene families in four sequenced Poaceae species, as well as in the draft genome assembly of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Genetic mapping of the ten barley CMF genes identified, as well as twelve previously unmapped HvCOL and HvPRR genes, finds the majority map to colinear positions relative to their Poaceae orthologues. Combined inter-/intra-species comparative and phylogenetic analysis of CMF, COL and PRR gene families indicates they evolved prior to the monocot/dicot divergence ~200 mya, with Poaceae CMF evolution described as the interplay between whole genome duplication in the ancestral cereal, and subsequent clade-specific mutation, deletion and duplication events. Given the proven role of CMF genes in the modulation of cereals flowering, the molecular, phylogenetic and comparative analysis of the Poaceae CMF, COL and PRR gene families presented here provides the foundation from which functional investigation can be undertaken

Combining anterior and posterior component separation for extreme cases of abdominal wall reconstruction.

Purpose: The closure of midline in abdominal wall incisional hernias is an essential principle. In some exceptional circumstances, despite adequate component separation techniques, this midline closure cannot be achieved. This study aims to review the results of using both anterior and component separation in these exceptional cases. Methods: We reviewed our experience using the combination of both anterior and posterior component separation in the attempt to close the midline. Our first step was to perform a TAR and a complete extensive dissection of the retromuscular preperitoneal plane developed laterally as far as the posterior axillary line. When the closure of midline was not possible, an external oblique release was made. A retromuscular preperitoneal reinforcement was made with the combination of an absorbable mesh and a 50 × 50 polypropylene mesh. Results: Twelve patients underwent anterior and posterior component separation. The mean hernia width was 23.5 ± 5. The majority were classified as severe complex incisional hernia and had previous attempts of repair. After a mean follow-up of 27 months (range 8-45), no case of recurrence was registered. Only one patient (8.33%) presented with an asymptomatic bulging in the follow-up. European Hernia Society's quality of life scores showed a significant improvement at 2 years postoperatively in the three domains: pain (p = 0.01), restrictions (p = 0.04) and cosmetic (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The combination of posterior and anterior component separation can effectively treat massive and challenging cases of abdominal wall reconstruction in which the primary midline closure is impossible to achieve despite appropriate optimization of surgery.post-print1,08 M