Una modificación al método de Kudoh para el cultivo de M. Tuberculosis

The adition of trisodium phophate 4.3% (Na3PO4. 12H2O 10 g. in 100 ml. of destiled watter) in equal parts to sputum for 24 hours, before the inoculation by the swab technique of Kudoh in modified Ogawa, substantially disminishes the contamination rate without altering the viability of M. tuberculosis, and facilitates the impregnation of the sputum in the swab.La adición al esputo de una cantidad igual de fosfato trisódico al 4.3% (Na3P04. 12H20 10 g. en 100 ml. de agua destilada) durante 24 horas previa a la siembra por el método del escobillón de Kudoh en medio modificado de Ogawa, disminuye notoriamente la contaminación de los cultivos, sin alterar la vitalidad del M. tuberculosis y facilita la homogenización del escobillón

3C.co Comunicación, Capitalismo y Crítica en la Colombia Digital

El presente libro comprende una producción Académica que integra los aportes derivados de diferentes reflexiones, estudios e investigaciones sobre el rol que tiene el campo de la Comunicación Social y Medios Digitales, como escenario de formación especializada, investigación, innovación y apropiación social del conocimiento aplicado al análisis de la “Economía Política de la Información”. En este tópico de estudio, se indaga acerca de las relaciones económicas presentes en los medios digitales: Apps, nuevos medios y más media, redes sociales, y emprendimientos tecnológicos, a partir de investigaciones que se han enfocado en el análisis del impacto socio económico que ejercen estos medios dentro del entorno naciona

Análisis de los contenidos docentes de matemáticas en el doble grado ADE-Informática

Depto. de Economía Financiera y Actuarial y EstadísticaFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesFALSEsubmitte

Mundos de vida entre los jóvenes de Medellín : identidad, espacio y medios masivos

RESUMEN: el aporte de este libro se encuentra en el entendimiento de los jóvenes y sus grupos desde sus propios términos, acercándonos a sus mundos de vida y a sus ejercicios comunicativos. ¿Cómo construyen, actúan y narran sus identidades? ¿Qué propuestas culturales son fundamentales dentro de sus mundos de vida? Buscamos un acercamiento a los escenarios de los diferentes jóvenes que cohabitan la ciudad, que comparten día y noche los espacios físicos y simbólicos, en muchos casos, sin un conocimiento profundo del otro, si no guiados por una serie de estereotipos, prejuicios y estigmas. De igual manera, revisamos la mirada y representación que se tiene de ellos desde afuera, desde el mundo adulto. Siguiendo el anterior orden de ideas nos cuestionamos ¿Cómo los ven los medios masivos de comunicación?, ¿Cuál puede ser su aporte en la solución de las problemáticas de violencia de la cuidad y el país?, ¿Qué nuevos oficios están aprendiendo y desarrollando?, ¿Cómo se apropian del espacio para su subsistencia?, ¿Cuáles son los espacios de distinción de clase social?, ¿Qué músicas escuchan, bailan, viven?, ¿Qué respuestas políticas desarrollan frente a la discriminación y el estigma? Entender estos espacios juveniles, estas identidades, captar cómo se relacionan entre ellos y con el resto de la sociedad es realizar un mapeo y una prospectiva social. Es darse cuenta de qué se está nutriendo una nueva generación de antioqueños urbanos y de colombianos. Saber cómo se piensan y cómo piensan a los demás es entender a quienes pronto harán el relevo social y marcarán nuevas sendas.CONTENIDO: Introducción.-- Parte I. Panorama juvenil.-- 1. Panorámica de los mundos de vida de los jóvenes en Medellín y el AMVA.-- Parte II. La espacialidad de los jóvenes.-- 2. Identidades emergentes en la trama cuerpo-territorio.-- 3. ¿Cómo se vive un espacio cuando cambia? Aproximaciones a las formas de apropiación del espacio público por parte de jóvenes en el parque de El Poblado (Medellín, Colombia).-- 4. Jóvenes de clase alta de Medellín. Espacialidad, distinción, consumos, interacción y discriminación.-- Parte III. Jóvenes, medios y culturas juveniles.-- 5. La juventud en encuadre. El cine, la televisión y la ciudad.-- 6. Pasado y presente de las culturas juveniles en la escena roquera de Medellín: punk, metal y pospunk.-- 7. Juventud y baile: problematización de los roles de género a partir de la producción de espacios de posibilidad.-- Parte IV. Nuevos escenarios juveniles.-- 8. El mundo de los jóvenes consumidores de marihuana.-- 9. Los jóvenes y el posconflicto.-- 10. Una aproximación al oficio de cocinero desde una perspectiva joven en Medellín o por qué estudiar cocina en la ciudad.-- Índice analítico

Aprendizaje virtual de las matemáticas utilizando distintas TICs

Proyecto para ayudar al estudiantado en el aprendizaje de las Matemáticas y promover su aprendizaje autónomo. Todo ello, con materiales más visuales como vídeos, píldoras educativas, clases en modo síncrono, ejemplos con GeoGebra y cuestionarios

Grupo español de cirugía torácica asistida por videoimagen: método, auditoría y resultados iniciales de una cohorte nacional prospectiva de pacientes tratados con resecciones anatómicas del pulmón

Introduction: our study sought to know the current implementation of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for anatomical lung resections in Spain. We present our initial results and describe the auditing systems developed by the Spanish VATS Group (GEVATS). Methods: we conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study that included patients receiving anatomical lung resections between 12/20/2016 and 03/20/2018. The main quality controls consisted of determining the recruitment rate of each centre and the accuracy of the perioperative data collected based on six key variables. The implications of a low recruitment rate were analysed for '90-day mortality' and 'Grade IIIb-V complications'. Results: the series was composed of 3533 cases (1917 VATS; 54.3%) across 33 departments. The centres' median recruitment rate was 99% (25-75th:76-100%), with an overall recruitment rate of 83% and a data accuracy of 98%. We were unable to demonstrate a significant association between the recruitment rate and the risk of morbidity/mortality, but a trend was found in the unadjusted analysis for those centres with recruitment rates lower than 80% (centres with 95-100% rates as reference): grade IIIb-V OR=0.61 (p=0.081), 90-day mortality OR=0.46 (p=0.051). Conclusions: more than half of the anatomical lung resections in Spain are performed via VATS. According to our results, the centre's recruitment rate and its potential implications due to selection bias, should deserve further attention by the main voluntary multicentre studies of our speciality. The high representativeness as well as the reliability of the GEVATS data constitute a fundamental point of departure for this nationwide cohort

Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years