¿EXISTE MAYOR PREVALENCIA DE ENFERMEDAD Virus Papiloma Humano DEPENDIENTE EN LAS MUJERES CON ENFERMEDAD INFLAMATORIA INTESTINAL EN EL ÁREA VI DE SALUD DE LA REGIÓN DE MURCIA? ESTRATEGIAS PREVENTIVAS.

OBJETIVO: Conocer la afectación por enfermedad VPH en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) y definir el grado de conocimiento de éstas acerca de esta enfermedad. DISEÑO: Estudio de prevalencias, transversal y posteriormente observacional y prospectivo. Tras cumplimentar un cuestionario en el grupo EII, se hará una citología y test VPH tanto en el grupo EII como en el grupo control. En la cohorte no vacunada frente VPH, se propondrá la vacunación VPH. Tras la intervención, se conocerá la situación basal en cuanto afectación VPH del grupo EII. Con el cuestionario, se permitirá un analísis comparativo entre las variables sociodemográficas, de estilo de vida y médicas en el grupo EII. ÁMBITO: Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer de Murcia entre los meses de Julio de 2.018 y Diciembre de 2.020. SUJETOS: Mujeres con EII comprendidas entre 18-65 años que cumplan criterios de inclusión y acepten participar. ANALISIS ESTADÍSTICO: Se realizará un análisis estadístico mediante la t de Student y Chi cuadrado para comparar las diferencias entre los dos grupos definidos. La relación entre los diferentes parámetros y la asociación entre el grupo control y el grupo con EII, serán evaluados mediante un análisis de regresión

Tuning Rules for Active Disturbance Rejection Controllers via Multiobjective Optimization - A Guide for Parameters Computation Based on Robustness

[EN] A set of tuning rules for Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (LADRC) with three different levels of compromise between disturbance rejection and robustness is presented. The tuning rules are the result of a Multiobjective Optimization Design (MOOD) procedure followed by curve fitting and are intended as a tool for designers who seek to implement LADRC by considering the load disturbance response of processes whose behavior is approximated by a general first-order system with delay. The validation of the proposed tuning rules is done through illustrative examples and the control of a nonlinear thermal process. Compared to classical PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) and other LADRC tuning methods, the derived functions offer an improvement in either disturbance rejection, robustness or both design objectives.This work was supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain, under Grant RTI2018-096904-B-I00.Martínez, BV.; Sanchís Saez, J.; Garcia-Nieto, S.; Martínez Iranzo, MA. (2021). Tuning Rules for Active Disturbance Rejection Controllers via Multiobjective Optimization - A Guide for Parameters Computation Based on Robustness. Mathematics. 9(5):1-34. https://doi.org/10.3390/math90505171349

A nomenclatural treatment for Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae sensu APG III) and typification of several names

[EN] The large genus Veronica has a complex evolutionary history. Within it, Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae represents an ideal system to study important evolutionary processes, such as hybridization and polyploidization. Delimitation of species boundaries within the subsection is a difficult task and the highly complicated taxonomy of the group has led to an accumulation of approximately 230 names for 22 accepted taxa. Many names have been used in different taxonomic senses even in recent Floras, scientific works, catalogues, Red Lists and internet resources. The lack of an updated taxonomic and nomenclatural framework represents a significant problem to develop further studies in several fields such as ecology, conservation, plant and evolutionary biology. A complete nomenclatural treatment for the whole subsection is provided here, that relies on results derived from the first phylogenetic analysis of V. subsect. Pentasepalae based on DNA sequence data, morphology and ploidy‐ level information. Nomenclatural types for 22 validly published names are designated. In total 21 lectotypes, 2 epitypes and 1 neotype are chosen. A new combination, Veronica linearis, is proposed

Exploring the intricate evolutionary history of the diploid-polyploid complexVeronica subsection Pentasepalae(Plantaginaceae)

[EN]Veronica subsection Pentasepalae is a diploid–polyploid complex of c. 20 species distributed in Eurasia and North Africa, in which species boundaries are difficult to determine. Here, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of V. subsection Pentasepalae based on nucleotide sequences [internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the plastid trnH-psbA and ycf6-psbM spacers] combined with ploidy estimations. Our results support the monophyly of the subsection. Five well-supported clades are recovered in the ITS sequence analyses, corresponding to broad geographical areas. The causes of the extensive incongruence found between the ITS and plastid DNA datasets, namely incomplete lineage sorting and/or hybridization and polyploidization, are discussed. Most of the diploids traditionally recognized based on morphological characters and one tetraploid are each recovered as monophyletic by the ITS sequence analyses. The Balkan species V. kindlii is resurrected. DNA ploidy level for V. teucrioides is reported here for the first time (2x). Diploid populations have been found for V. orbiculata, which was previously thought to be only tetraploid. Past contact in the amphi-Adriatic area between V. orsiniana and V. orbiculata is suggested. Finally, molecular analyses show that diploid V. jacquinii and diploid V. orbiculata are unrelated. This study contributes to our understanding of the evolutionary history of polyploid complexes, especially those in southern Europe, and highlights the importance of using multiple lines of evidence to investigate species boundaries in such actively diversifying groups

Modified Active Disturbance Rejection Predictive Control: A fixed-order state-space formulation for SISO systems

[EN] This paper presents a novel control strategy that provides active disturbance rejection predictive control on constrained systems with no nominal identified model. The proposed loop relaxes the modelling requirement to a fixed discrete-time state¿space realisation of a first-order plus integrator plant despite the nature of the controlled process. A third-order discrete Extended State Observer (ESO) estimates the model mismatch and assumed plant states. Moreover, the constraints handling is tackled by incorporating the compensation term related to the total perturbation in the definition of the optimisation problem constraints. The proposal merges in a new way state¿space Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) into an architecture suitable for the servo-regulatory operation of linear and non-linear systems, as shown through validation examples.This work has been supported by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 [Project PID2020-120087GB-C21] , MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 [Project PID2020-119468O-I00] , the Generalitat Valenciana regional government, Spain [Project CIAICO/2021/064] , and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation of Colombia [scholarship programme 885] .Martínez-Carvajal, BV.; Sanchís Saez, J.; Garcia-Nieto, S.; Martínez Iranzo, MA. (2023). Modified Active Disturbance Rejection Predictive Control: A fixed-order state-space formulation for SISO systems. ISA Transactions. 142:148-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2023.08.01114816314

Herramientas para envejecer sanos y felices

Este manual ha sido creado como parte de un proyecto cofundado de un Programa de Salud de la Unión Europea llamado ‘Envejecimiento Activo a través de Internet y la Comunidad’ (‘HASIC’ según sus siglas en inglés). HASIC es un programa de cooperación entre siete países europeos: Finlandia, Noruega, Estonia, Alemania, Holanda, España y Hungría. El objetivo general del proyecto es habilitar a las personas mayores de 65 años para que adopten un estilo de vida saludable que incluya una dieta sana, actividad física, consumo de alcohol moderado y participación social

IAPT chromosome data 28

[EN] Veronica angustifolia (Vahl) Bernh.; Veronica austriaca subsp. jacquinii (Baumg.) Watzl; Veronica dalmatica N.Pad.Gar., Rojas-Andrés, López-González & M.M.Mart.Ort.; Veronica kindlii Adam.; Veronica orsiniana Ten.; Veronica prostrata L.; Veronica rosea Desf.; Veronica sennenii (Pau) M.M.Mart.Ort. & E.Rico; Veronica tenuifolia subsp. javalambrensis (Pau) Molero & J.Pujadas; Veronic tenuifolia Asso subsp. tenuifolia; Veronica teucrium L.; Veronica thracica Velen.. In: K. Marhold & J. Kucera, IAPT chromosome data 28

Aceite esencial de orégano (Lippia origanoides) mejora parámetros productivos y metabólitos sanguíneos en lechones

Antibiotics have been used in animal feed in order to ensure more efficient production, however, the appearance of antibiotic resistant bacteria has caused concern in both consumers and scientific. The aim was to evaluate the effect of Lippia origanoides supplementation on the productive performance and the concentration of blood metabolites in piglets weaned at 21 days. 72 piglets weaned on day 21 were used and randomized to 3 diets: (D1) basic feed, (D2) basic feed + zinc bacitracin (350 ppm) and (D3) basic feed + Lippia origanoides (150 ppm). On days 15 and 30 of the experimental period, performance was calculated and metabolic variables were evaluated at serum level. The animals that consumed the D3 diet presented higher feed conversion rate and body weight gain, in addition to presenting higher concentrations (p <0,05) of alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus, while the concentrations of creatinine, alanine amino transferase, glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol were found significantly (p <0,05) lower compared to animals that consumed (D1) and (D2). The use of Lippia Origanoides in the piglet diet is an alternative to the use of antibiotics, since it has favorable effects on blood biochemistry and productive performance.Los antibióticos han sido utilizados en la alimentación animal con el fin de garantizar una producción más eficiente; sin embargo, la aparición de bacterias resistentes a los antibióticos ha causado preocupación tanto a consumidores como científicos. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con Lippia origanoides sobre el rendimiento productivo y la concentración de metabolitos sanguíneos en lechones destetados a los 21 días. Se utilizaron 72 lechones destetados el día 21 y aleatorizados a 3 dietas: (D1) alimento base, (D2) alimento base + bacitracina de zinc (350 ppm) y (D3) alimento base + Lippia origanoides (150 ppm). Los días 15 y 30 del periodo experimental se evaluaron parámetros zootécnicos y variables metabólicas a nivel sérico. Los animales que consumieron la dieta D3 presentaron mayor conversión alimenticia y ganancia de peso, además de presentar concentraciones mayores (p<0,05) de fosfatasa alcalina, calcio y fosforo, mientras que las concentraciones de creatinina, alanino amino-transferasa, glucosa, triglicéridos y colesterol se encontraron significativamente (p<0,05) inferiores en comparación con los animales que consumieron (D1) y (D2). El uso de Lippia origanoides en la dieta de lechones constituye una alternativa al uso de antibióticos, pues tiene efectos favorables sobre la bioquímica sanguínea y el rendimiento productivo.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação com Lippia origanoides no desempenho produtivo e na concentração de metabólitos sanguíneos em leitões desmamados aos 21 dias. Para o estudo, 72 leitões desmamados foram utilizados no dia 21 de vida, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto por três tratamentos: (D1) alimento básico, (D2) alimento básico + bacitracina de zinco a 350 ppm e (D3) alimento básico + essencial óleo de Lippia origanoides a 150 ppm. Durante o período experimental, as variáveis zootécnicas foram monitoradas. Nos dias 15 e 30, foram avaliadas as variáveis séricas pós-desmame: alanina amino-transferase, creatinina, fosfatase alcalina, glicose, colesterol, triglicerídeos, concentrações de cálcio e fósforo. Os animais que consumiram a dieta D3 (com óleo essencial a 150 ppm) apresentaram maior taxa de conversão e ganho de peso; também esses leitões apresentaram maiores concentrações (p <0,05) de fosfatase alcalina, cálcio e fósforo. Variáveis de creatinina, alanina amino transferase, glicose, triglicerídeos e colesterol foram significativamente menores (p <0,05) em comparação aos animais das dietas controle (D1) e com promotor de crescimento de antibióticos (D2)

Environmental differences are correlated with the distribution pattern of cytotypes in Veronica subsection Pentasepalae at a broad scale

[EN] Background and Aims: The distribution of cytotypes and its potential correlation with environmental variables represent a cornerstone to understanding the origin and maintenance of polyploid lineages. Although many studies have addressed this question in single species at a regional scale, only a few have attempted to decipher this enigma in groups of closely related species at a broad intercontinental geographical scale. Here, we consider approx. 20 species of a diploid–polyploid complex (Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae) of recent and rapid diversification represented in Europe and North Africa to study the frequency and distribution of cytotypes and their relationship to environmental variables. Methods: A total of 680 individuals (207 populations) were sampled. Ploidy levels were determined using flow cytometry. Ecological differentiation among cytotypes was tested using climatic and environmental variables related to temperature, precipitation, vegetation and biogeographical region, among others, and by performing univariate and multivariate (constrained principal coordinates analysis) analyses. Key Results: Four ploidy levels (2x, 4x, 6x and 8x) were found and genome downsizing was observed to occur within the group. Plants of different ploidy level are ecologically differentiated, with hexaploids and octoploids occurring in wetter and colder habitats with a higher seasonality than diploids. A south to north distribution pattern was found, with diploids occupying southern refugial areas and octoploids being more frequent in northern regions of Europe above the permafrost boundary. Conclusions: The distribution of cytotypes can be explained by ecological differentiation, the geographical position of refuge areas during the Quaternary climatic oscillations as well as by ice and permafrost retreat patterns. The Balkan Peninsula constitutes the most important contact zone between cytotypes. This work provides the first comprehensive ploidy screening within V. subsect. Pentasepalae at a broad scale and indicates that polyploidy and genome downsizing might have contributed to the colonization of new habitats in a recently diverged polyploid complex.Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad [projects CGL2009-07555 and CGL2012-32574]; the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [PhD grants AP2008-03434 to B.R.A. and AP2010-2968 to N.L.G.]; and the University of Salamanca [PhD grant to N.P.G. co-financed by Banco Santander]

Growth Hormone Reprograms Macrophages toward an Anti-Inflammatory and Reparative Profile in an MAFB-Dependent Manner

Growth hormone (GH), a pleiotropic hormone secreted by the pituitary gland, regulates immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, we show that GH regulates the phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, GH treatment of GM-CSF–primed monocyte–derived macrophages promotes a significant enrichment of anti-inflammatory genes and dampens the proinflammatory cytokine profile through PI3K-mediated downregulation of activin A and upregulation of MAFB, a critical transcription factor for anti-inflammatory polarization of human macrophages. These in vitro data correlate with improved remission of inflammation and mucosal repair during recovery in the acute dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis model in GH-overexpressing mice. In this model, in addition to the GH-mediated effects on other immune cells, we observed that macrophages from inflamed gut acquire an anti-inflammatory/reparative profile. Overall, these data indicate that GH reprograms inflammatory macrophages to an anti-inflammatory phenotype and improves resolution during pathologic inflammatory responses.This work was supported in part by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (SAF2017-82940-R Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (AEI/FEDER), Unión Europea [UE] [to M.M.], SAF2017-83785-R AEI/FEDER, UE [to Á.L.C.] and FJCI-2016-29990 AEI/FEDER, UE [to B.S.P.]), from the Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud Program of Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RD12/0012/0006 and RD12/0012/0007, Red de Investigación en Inflamación y Enfermedades Reumáticas), and the Regional Government of Madrid (B2017/BMD-3804 [to C.M.-A.])