München als 8. bayerischer Regierungsbezirk?! Überlegungen und Vorschläge zu einer Verwaltungsstrukturreform auf der mittleren staatlichen Ebene in Oberbayern

Im vorliegenden Positionspapier geht es um die Abgrenzung der Großstadtregion München sowie die Teilung des Regierungsbezirks Oberbayern vor dem Hintergrund der Optimierung des Verwaltungshandelns in den aktuellen Aufgabenbereichen einer Regierung in Bayern

Generalized matrix completion and algebraic natural proofs

Algebraic natural proofs were recently introduced by Forbes, Shpilka and Volk (Proc. of the 49th Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC), pages 653–664, 2017) and independently by Grochow, Kumar, Saks and Saraf (CoRR, abs/1701.01717, 2017) as an attempt to transfer Razborov and Rudich’s famous barrier result (J. Comput. Syst. Sci., 55(1): 24–35, 1997) for Boolean circuit complexity to algebraic complexity theory. Razborov and Rudich’s barrier result relies on a widely believed assumption, namely, the existence of pseudo-random generators. Unfortunately, there is no known analogous theory of pseudo-randomness in the algebraic setting. Therefore, Forbes et al. use a concept called succinct hitting sets instead. This assumption is related to polynomial identity testing, but it is currently not clear how plausible this assumption is. Forbes et al. are only able to construct succinct hitting sets against rather weak models of arithmetic circuits

TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 REGULATES TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASES-1 EXPRESSION IN DIFFERENTIATED HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES

GUNTHER M, HAUBECK HD, VANDELEUR E, et al. TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA-1 REGULATES TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASES-1 EXPRESSION IN DIFFERENTIATED HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM. 1994;37(3):395-405.Objective. To investigate the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) in the regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) synthesis in human articular chondrocytes. Methods. Articular cartilage was obtained from human knee joints 24 hours after death. Chondrocytes were isolated by collagenase digestion and embedded in low-gelling-temperature agarose. After stimulation by cytokines, total RNA was isolated and analyzed by Northern blotting. TIMP-1 protein levels were determined using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Human chondrocytes in agarose culture expressed messenger RNA (mRNA) for the IL-6 receptor (gp80) and its signal-transducing subunit gp130. In contrast to the findings in a previous study, IL-6 did not stimulate TIMP-1 expression in these cells, whereas TGF beta 1 was an important inducer of TIMP-1 mRNA and protein synthesis. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that TGF beta 1 has a protective effect on the extracellular matrix of human articular chondrocytes